Showing papers by "University of Zambia published in 1977"
TL;DR: The dual impact of expanding capitalism and colonial administration upon eastern Zambian society after 1895 resulted in a major ecological catastrophe in the area during the first half of this century as mentioned in this paper, where the land had been rendered barren and desolate, and the finely balanced relationship between man and his environment that had existed prior to the mid-nineteenth century was undermined, involving it in a process of underdevelopment still unreversed today.
Abstract: The dual impact of expanding capitalism and colonial administration upon eastern Zambian society after 1895 resulted in a major ecological catastrophe in the area during the first half of this century. By the end of the colonial era, the people dwelling in some of the most fertile and hospitable land in the country were impoverished and disease-ridden. The land had been rendered barren and desolate, and the finely balanced relationship between man and his environment that had existed in the area prior to the mid-nineteenth century was undermined, involving it in a process of underdevelopment still unreversed today. Although certain scholars have described the ecological degradation of eastern Zambia, for the most part in terms of land policy,2 they have failed to appreciate the complexity of interactions involved in the unfolding of this process. This article's aim is to explore this complexity.
105 citations
TL;DR: The results of the present study confirm previous reports suggesting anti‐tumor activity for high doses of Adriamycin in hepatocellular carcinoma, and further clinical trials of this agent used in combination or sequentially with other agents are indicated.
Abstract: Nineteen Zambian and 22 American patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with Adriamycin every three weeks in intravenous doses ranging from 20-75 mg/m2 (depending upon their initial serum bilirubin levels). Four of 16 (25%) "good risk" Zambian and American patients who received 75 mg/m2 had objective responses, while in five additional patients there was evidence of either transient tumor regression or disease stabilization. In contrast three of 25 "poor risk" patients who received 20-60 mg/m2 had objective responses. Even in this latter group, however, transient, objective signs of tumor regression were noted in four patients. The results of the present study confirm previous reports suggesting anti-tumor activity for high doses of Adriamycin in hepatocellular carcinoma. Since those responses seen were generally incomplete and transient, further clinical trials of this agent used in combination or sequentially with other agents are indicated.
81 citations
TL;DR: Zearalenone was detected in the maize and maize malt used in beer preparation and it was found to dissolve preferentially in the liquid fraction of the beer.
Abstract: The concentration of zearalenone and aflatoxin was estimated in Zambian homebrewed and commercial opaque maize beer. Levels of aflatoxin were negligible. Zearalenone was present up to 4.6 mg/litre with a mean concentration of 0.92 mg/litre. Zearalenone was detected in the maize and maize malt used in beer preparation and it was found to dissolve preferentially in the liquid fraction of the beer. The concentration was related to the district of maize growth.
59 citations
TL;DR: A polygonal ray path connecting the seismic source and detector positions when the intervening medium consists solely of constant velocity layers with plane interfaces which may have arbitrary orientation is considered in this paper, where the coordinates of the ray vertices satisfy a system of coupled equations resulting from the requirement that Fermat's principle be satisfied along the ray path.
Abstract: A polygonal ray path connects the seismic source and detector positions when the intervening medium consists solely of constant velocity layers with plane interfaces which may have arbitrary orientation. The coordinates of the ray vertices satisfy a system of coupled equations resulting from the requirement that Fermat's principle be satisfied along the ray path. Solving the system of equations is equivalent to tracing the ray numerically. A notable feature of this approach is that a ray which is critically refracted over a segment of its path requires no special handling.
29 citations
TL;DR: Repeated vaginal administration of 15-methyl PGF 2α methyl ester is an effective, noninvasive method for termination of second trimester pregnancy and further development of suppositories should achieve a longer action combined with a decrease in gastrointestinal side effects.
26 citations
TL;DR: It has been established that the annual number of fatalities per vehicle in Zambia is ten times larger than the average for European countries and the ratio of fatalities to number of injured persons is much higher for Zambia than for neighbouring countries and about twice that of the European average.
14 citations
TL;DR: The influence of these missions was propagated mainly through the work of itinerant catechists who entered into dialogue with village headmen and established a chain of prayer houses and regular instruction throughout the woodland communities as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The attempt to introduce an element of Indirect Rule into Northern Rhodesia after 1930 highlighted the extent to which the prestige and local influence of chiefs had been reduced by the loss of political and economic power and religious control. In Bembaland the evangelical work of the White Fathers, who were established in the centre of the area from 1898, contributed to the decline of the chiefs' spiritual authority. The principal mission station of the area was separated from the local Bemba chiefdom of Ituna by a grant of concession from the British South Africa Company, and up to 1914 the religious superior was given the powers of a native chief over the inhabitants of the mission. Within the concession, the economic, political and religious association between villagers and missionaries paralleled the network of relationships which had existed in the chief's capital village. In other missions in Bembaland, chiefs were obliged to admit the establishment of mission stations as a result of a Company policy of granting zones of influence with rights of evangelization to individual missionary societies. The influence of these missions was propagated mainly through the work of itinerant catechists who entered into dialogue with village headmen and established a chain of prayer houses and regular instruction throughout the woodland communities. Attempts at resistance by both chiefs and headmen were largely ineffectual, and by 1930 the White Fathers had, with government approval, achieved considerable influence in Bembaland. During the next decade, this influence was to diminish as colonial policies brought about political and social changes in which the mission had only an ancillary part to play.
14 citations
TL;DR: For instance, this article found that without prior exposure to other languages, there is very little between-language intelligibility among Bemba, Lozi, Nyanja and Tonga.
10 citations
TL;DR: Nine Lichtenstein's hartebeest were sampled for nasal bots (Oestrinae) in a woodland area of central western Zambia and larvae of the genera Gedoelstia, Oestrus and Kirkioestrus were found in mixed infestations in the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses.
Abstract: Nine Lichtenstein's hartebeest (Alcelaphus lichtensteini) were sampled for nasal bots (Oestrinae) in a woodland area of central western Zambia. Larvae of the genera Gedoelstia, Oestrus and Kirkioestrus were found in mixed infestations in the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. A maximum count of 252 larvae was recorded from one head but no obvious pathogenicity was detectable in this or any other hartebeest. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the host specificity of the nasal bots and to gedoelstial myiasis of domestic livestock in the area where they interact with infected hartebeest.
8 citations
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a specific case in the Western Sudan is studied, where the authors focus on a number of developmental constraints or "bottlenecks" in the planning and plan-implementation process.
TL;DR: The fact that pregnancy did not exaggerate the neutropenia, or hamper the leucocytosis response, would suggest that the African woman has a normal marrow which suffers from insufficient stimulation possibly as a result of some dietary factor.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a Bouguer anomaly map and preliminary analysis of the gravity data are presented in the context of the principal tectonic elements and structural characteristics of eastern and southern Africa.
Abstract: A RECONNAISSANCE gravity survey of the Republic of Zambia was carried out from 1971 to 1975 by the Geological Survey of Zambia in collaboration with the University of Zambia and The University of Michigan1. We present here a Bouguer anomaly map and preliminary analysis of the gravity data, in the context of the principal tectonic elements and structural characteristics of eastern and southern Africa.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Achebe is perhaps the most famous of contemporary black African writers and of his four novels,'Things Fall Apart' is deservedly the best known as mentioned in this paper, it is the one with the central character, Okonkwo, who is strong, heedless of personal danger, impetuous and immediate in action.
Abstract: Chinua Achebe is perhaps the most famous of contemporary black African writers and of his four novels, ' Things Fall Apart is deservedly the best known. The central character, Okonkwo, is strong, heedless of personal danger, impetuous and immediate in action. A man of strength, he had no need of the wit and clever evasions which his father had to use sometimes. In him are exemplified many of the positive aspects of traditional society, and his fall like a great tree crashing in the forest, signals the cessation of a way of life.
TL;DR: The potential energy surfaces for the neutral oxides are repulsive in nature and predicted to be unstable as mentioned in this paper, and the molecular ion HeO+ and linear HeOF are found to be stable species.
Abstract: Molecular orbital calculations have been carried out on HeO. HeO2 , He2 O, HeO+ and HeOF. The potential energy surfaces for the neutral oxides are repulsive in nature and predicted to be unstable. The molecular ion HeO+ and linear HeOF are found to be stable species.
TL;DR: A clinical trial with 15(S)15-methyl prostaglandin F 2α methyl ester for termination of second trimester abortion using vaginal suppositories found it to be just as effective but with a more acceptable frequency of gastro-intestinal side effects.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The Mines and Minerals Act (1969) as discussed by the authors makes mandatory domestic participation a pre-condition for the establishment of any mining enterprise by a foreign investor and the law fixes the conditions of the requisite domestic capital participation.
Abstract: The Mines and Minerals Act (1969), Zambia, makes mandatory domestic participation a pre-condition for the establishment of any mining enterprise by a foreign investor and the law fixes the conditions of the requisite domestic capital participation. This article examines the background to this policy decision, the terms of participation, the objectives of the policy and the state's prospects of realising these objectives in practice.
TL;DR: The Lions of Dagbon as mentioned in this paper is a case study of colonial government and a contribution to our understanding of the dynamics of succession in African kingdoms, and it is highly recommended as a case studies of colonisation of Ghana.
Abstract: development of a political elite in Dagbon independent of the chiefs. Such policies, however, had wider ramifications. Allied with patronizing attitudes to the 'primitive' or 'undeveloped' north which persisted into independence, they meant that Dagbon was particularly subject to the effects of the 'persistent discontinuity between national and local politics [in Ghana], a discontinuity which is itself a product of uneven development and internal inequalities' (p. 171). As Staniland notes, however, Dagbon is an extreme case of a universal Ghanaian phenomenon: 'Dependence may be a fact of life for local politicians throughout Ghana, but some areas are undoubtedly more persuasive and successful mendicants than others' (pp. 171-2). This brief review has only been able to touch upon a few aspects of Staniland's major themes. The Lions of Dagbon, apart from its contribution to the overthrow of simplistic views of the transition from 'tradition' to 'modernity', is highly recommended as a case study of colonial government and a contribution to our understanding of the dynamics of succession in African kingdoms.