Showing papers by "University of Zambia published in 1984"

Timing and structural expression of the Nevadan orogeny, Sierra Nevada, California

Abstract: The Nevadan orogeny was a very short-lived event in the Late Jurassic that involved the deformation of a great variety of rock types and Paleozoic and Mesozoic terranes throughout the extent of the Sierra Nevada. The Nevadan structures show great variation in style but relatively constant orientations. These relations can be explained by considering the prior histories of the various terranes. Slaty cleavages and tight folds are the characteristic main-phase structures in the western belt of Jurassic island-arc volcanic rocks and flysch-type sedimentary rocks. A strip of phyllites and greenschists along the eastern edge of the belt apparently represents similar Jurassic rocks that were deformed and metamorphosed at greater depths, probably during underthrusting of the western belt beneath the central belt. The central belt of Paleozoic metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks shows the most extreme variation in style of main-phase structures, from weak, spaced to crenulation cleavages in the south, where polyphase deformed rocks formed a structural basement, to slaty and phyllitic cleavages and asymmetric to isoclinal folds in the north, where most of the Paleozoic basement rocks lack penetrative pre-Nevadan fabrics. Eastward-directed thrust faulting apparently was important only in the northern part of the range, where main-phase deformation was most intense. The eastern belt of Jurassic and Triassic magmatic arc-volcanic and sedimentary rocks defines the core of a major synclinorium, and the rocks contain penetrative slaty cleavages and asymmetric, tight to isoclinal folds. A late phase of Nevadan structures, consisting of northeast-trending cleavages and minor folds, also shows a marked variation in style, from relatively intensely developed in the north to very weakly developed in the south. The regional extent and geometry of the Nevadan structures indicate that the Nevadan orogeny involved underthrusting of island-arc rocks on the west and significant crustal shortening in the central and eastern belts. These features suggest that the Nevadan orogeny resulted from the collision of the island arc (western belt) with an andean-type arc (eastern belt) situated at the western edge of North America.

Research on Cognitive Development in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Abstract: This eclectic analysis identifies three themes informing research on cognitive development in Afrique noire over the past ten years. (1) Extending the range of generalizability of Western theories:...

Commentary: The Impact of Psychology on Third World Development

Abstract: Parts of the basic conceptual framework of Western psychology have been imported, sometimes blindly, into the design of many Third World countries' education, industry, law and health services. Psychology needs to demonstrate its relevance to the particular sociocultural conditions of these countries and to development policy in each of these fields. This requires close collaboration with other social sciences. The ories and techniques developed in Western societies (e.g., pre-school enrichment and aptitude testing) need to be unpackaged so that Third World policy-makers can decide which aspects are most relevant to their goals. Revitalization of endogenous cultural development is essential for developing a valid and socially acceptable psychology. This requires both sensitivity to the cultural load of Western psychology and systematic exploration of distinctive indigenous concepts.

Problems of University Adjustment Experienced by Undergraduates in a Developing Country.

Abstract: A considerable amount of information is available concerning the adjustment problems that students from developed countries experience when they transfer from school to university. Comparatively little is known about the problems of African students, despite the existence of a number of factors which might be expected to produce large numbers of problems and relatively severe problems. Having adopted certain criteria regarding the “acceptability” or otherwise of adjustment problems, a preliminary survey was conducted at the University of Zambia in order to see whether adjustment problems existed and to give some insight into the type of problem experienced. The survey indicated the presence of a large number and wide variety of problems and a questionnaire was subsequently developed in order to test the potency, generality and persistency of the student's difficulties. The results obtained with a representative sample of 242 first-year and 60 fourth-year students showed that there are problems which are sufficiently potent, general and/or persistent to be a cause for concern to the university authorities.

Aerial censuses of shoebills, saddlebilled storks and wattled cranes at the bangweulu swamps and kafue flats, zambia

Abstract: Summary Howard, G. W. & Aspinwall, D. R. 1984. Aerial censuses of Shoebills, Saddlebilled Storks and Wattled Cranes at the Bangweulu Swamps and Kafue Flats, Zambia. Ostrich 55: 207–212. Aerial counts of three wetland species of uncertain conservation status were made in Zambia when the opportunity arose during Lechwe Kobus leche censuses. A portion of the Bangweulu Swamps was estimated to have a minimum population of 232 Shoebills Balaeniceps rex, 275 Saddlebilled Storks Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis and 1718 Wattled Cranes Bugeranus carunculatus. An estimate of 3282 Wattled Cranes on part of the Kafue Flats was very similar to that calculated in a count there nine years previously. Further censuses are recommended.

Timing of pre-Antler deformation in the Shoo Fly Complex, Sierra Nevada, California

Abstract: The Shoo Fly Complex between Quartz Hill and Fall Creek Mountain contains Paleozoic folds and probable thrust faults that predate the intrusion of the Bowman Lake batholith. U-Pb analyses from six zircon fractions show that the youngest phase of the batholith is 409 ± 16 m.y. old. Previous suggestions that Paleozoic deformation in the Shoo Fly Complex is an early expression of the Late Devonian–Early Mississippian Antler orogeny are now viewed as less likely because the Antler orogeny postdated deformation of the Shoo Fly by at least 20 m.y.

Momentum representation of Dirac relativistic wave functions

Abstract: A momentum representation of the Dirac relativistic wave functions for a hydrogenlike atom is obtained in a simple form by means of Fourier transformation. The expressions given are convenient for analytic as well as numerical applications.

Relativistic corrections in K -shell ionization cross sections

Abstract: Relativistic effects on a modified version of Rutherford's scattering cross section are considered up to first-order in the Born approximation for relativistic velocities in the binary-encounter approximation (BEA). The predicted cross sections with protons as projectile are lower than the previous theoretical values at low energies and are seen to be in better agreement with measurements. An approximate relativistic correction factor which accounts for orbital electrons only is compared with exact Dirac corrections, within the BEA model.

Casework With Unemployed African Youth

Abstract: western European countries and the United States. It was there that social work was established as a profession. Because it has been a newcomer in the range of professions, it has rather jealously sought to ’stake its ground’, to parade its ’professionalism’ in the same manner as doctors and lawyers, to establish its objectivity and scientific character. It has established a code of professional conduct., The profession that began as a few organised acts of altruism and charity at the turn of the century, unsalaried, humanitarian, had become half a century later introverted, bureaucratised, full of

Education and Other Determinants of Political Support in a New State: the Case of Ghana

Abstract: INCE DAVID EASTON first formulated the concept of political support in his seminal work,A Systems Analysis of Political Life ( 1965: 159), a number of investigators have attempted to operationalize the concept. The bulk of these works has been undertaken in the United States and industrialized countries of Western Europe. Their primary focus has been to pinpoint the correlates of support for either a single political leadership and institution such as legislators and the legislature (Boynton, Patterson and Hedlund 1968: 163-80; Patterson, Wahlke and Boynton 1973: 282-313; Boynton and Loewenberg 1973: 169-89; Patterson and Boynton 1974: 56); or support for multiple leaders and institutions (Abramson and Inglehart 1970: 419-42; Dennis 1975: 187-230). At times the object of support has been the entire political system (Loewenberg 1973: 142-56; Citrin, McClosky, Shanks and Sniderman 1975: 1-31). It has been established from such studies that among the important correlates of political support are formal education, urban and mass media exposure, ethnicity, significant life cycle experiences and the individual's level of political consciousness. The effects of these variables on political support in the industrialized countries are by and large positive. But their effect on political support in the new states, especially in Africa, is mixed. For instance, while Hayward (1974: 165-92) found formal education to be positively associated with supportive orientations toward the Ghanaian political system, Abernethy in Nigeria (1969: 217), Koff and Von der Muhll in Tanzania and Kenya (1967: 13-51) and Achola in Ghana (1980: Chapter V) found that in a number of instances formal education, urban exposure and ethnicity had a negative association with political support. Apart from the conflicting evidence regarding the correlates of political support in new African states, there is a general dearth of studies which investigate the determinants of political support. A study by Patterson, Wahlke and Boynton (1973: 293) developed a model of the determinants of support for the legislative institution, but no attempt was made to test the model empirically. Nonetheless, a few works exist which have developed and tested with empirical data models of the determinants of political participation (Nie, Powell and Prewitt 1971: 406-30; Beck and

Scattering of Debye Phonons by Substitutional Defects in Solids

Abstract: We consider a three-dimensional Bravais crystal with volume V containing N atoms such that p lattice sites are occupied by substitutional defects each of mass M’, while the remaining (N-p) lattice sites are occupied by identical host atoms of mass M. The introduction of impurities leads to simultaneous changes in mass and force constants between the host atoms and defect atoms. It is assumed that the defects are distributed randomly and their concentration (p/N) is small. The changes in the force constant between the impurity and the host atoms may be assumed to be significant only to nearest neighbors. The Hamiltonian of such a system (defect crystal) in the harmonic approximation can be written as $$ H = \mathop{\Sigma }\limits_{{n\alpha }} \frac{{p_{\alpha }^{2}(n)}}{{2M}} + \frac{1}{2}\mathop{\Sigma }\limits_{{n\alpha }} {{\mathop{\Sigma }\limits_{n} }_{{'\beta }}}{{\Phi }_{{\alpha \beta }}}(n,n'){{u}_{\alpha }}(n){{u}_{\beta }}(n') + \mathop{\Sigma }\limits_{{i\alpha }} (\tfrac{1}{{2M'}} - \tfrac{1}{{2M}})p_{\alpha }^{2}(i) + \tfrac{1}{2}\mathop{\Sigma }\limits_{{n\alpha }} {{\mathop{\Sigma }\limits_{n} }_{{'\beta }}}\Delta {{\Phi }_{{\alpha \beta }}}(n,n'){{u}_{\alpha }}(n){{u}_{\beta }}(n') $$ (1) where n denotes the position of an atomic site and i the position of the impurity; uα (n) and pα (n) are the α-Cartesian components of the displacement and momentum vectors of the nth atom, M and M′ are the masses of the normal and impurity atoms, Фαβ(n,n′) andФαβ′(n,n′) are the harmonic force constants for the pure and impure crystal respectively and ∆Фαβ(n,n′)= Ф αβ′(n,n′) − Фαβ(n,n′).