Institution
University of Zambia
Education•Lusaka, Lusaka, Zambia•
About: University of Zambia is a education organization based out in Lusaka, Lusaka, Zambia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 2593 authors who have published 4402 publications receiving 122411 citations. The organization is also known as: UNZA.
Topics: Population, Health care, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Public health, Tuberculosis
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The multiple visit requirements of cytology-based screening programs jeopardizes success and sustainability in population-based cervical cancer prevention programs.
Abstract: Greater than 80% of the world's new cases and deaths due to cervical cancer occur in the developing world [1]. No more than 5% of women in these settings are screened for cervical cancer even once in their lifetimes [2]. Earlier attempts to establish population-based cervical cancer prevention programs using cytology screening in resource-limited settings have inevitably fallen short or failed [3–5]. Although many of the reasons for failure can be attributed to lack of resources and trained manpower, the multiple visit requirements of cytology-based screening programs jeopardizes success and sustainability.
113 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, three elementary processes (elastic, plastic and dilatant deformations) in brittle rock under sustained load are considered. But their contributions to the creep strain of brittle rock are not equal and vary with the stages of creep.
113 citations
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TL;DR: The objectives of this study were to analyse the amount of genetic diversity in C. moschata landraces grown in south-central Africa and classify the landraced to assist in selection of parent genotypes for improvement of fruit characteristics.
Abstract: Knowledge of genetic relationships among genotypes is essential for the effective utilisation of germplasm, especially for poorly characterised species. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis provides a quick and reliable method for resolving genetic relationships. Although Cucurbita moschata Duch, also known as tropical pumpkin, is one of the most important vegetable crops in Africa, being adapted to a wide range of climatic and soil conditions, it is a scientifically neglected species. The objectives of this study were to (1) analyse the amount of genetic diversity inC. moschata landraces grown in south-central Africa and (2) classify the landraces to assist in selection of parent genotypes for improvement of fruit characteristics. Cluster analysis, based on 39 polymorphic and 105 monomorphic DNA fragments amplified by 16 primers, was used to show relationships among 31 genotypes obtained from Zambia and Malawi. The analysis revealed four clusters, with genotypes from Malawi mainly clustering in three clusters while all genotypes from Zambia and three from Malawi clustered in one cluster. The pair-wise mean genetic distance was 0.32 ± 0.04 for samples from Malawi and 0.26 ± 0.04 for samples from Zambia. The possible application of the resulting classification in breeding of C. moschata is discussed.
112 citations
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TL;DR: MPR was predictive of clinical outcomes and immunologic response in this large public sector antiretroviral treatment program in Lusaka, Zambia and may have a role in guiding programmatic monitoring and clinical care in resource-constrained settings.
Abstract: Background High-level adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with favourable patient outcomes. In resource-constrained settings, however, there are few validated measures. We examined the correlation between clinical outcomes and the medication possession ratio (MPR), a pharmacy-based measure of adherence.
Methods We analysed data from a large programmatic cohort across 18 primary care centres providing ART in Lusaka, Zambia. Patients were stratified into three categories based on MPR-calculated adherence over the first 12 months: optimal (≥95%), suboptimal (80–94%) and poor (<80%).
Results Overall, 27 115 treatment-naive adults initiated and continued ART for ≥12 months: 17 060 (62.9%) demonstrated optimal adherence, 7682 (28.3%) had suboptimal adherence and 2373 (8.8%) had poor adherence. When compared with those with optimal adherence, post-12-month mortality risk was similar among patients with sub-optimal adherence [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 1.0; 95% CI: 0.9–1.2] but higher in patients with poor adherence (AHR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.4–2.2). Those <80% MPR also appeared to have an attenuated CD4 response at 18 months (185 cells/µl vs 217 cells/µl; P < 0.001), 24 months (213 cells/µl vs 246 cells/µl; P < 0.001), 30 months (226 cells/µl vs 261 cells/µl; P < 0.001) and 36 months (245 cells/µl vs 275 cells/µl; P < 0.01) when compared with those above this threshold.
Conclusions MPR was predictive of clinical outcomes and immunologic response in this large public sector antiretroviral treatment program. This marker may have a role in guiding programmatic monitoring and clinical care in resource-constrained settings.
112 citations
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TL;DR: Food insecurity during the dry season, the time of year in rural Zambia when many households are typically food secure, had a subsequent greater effect on mental health than food security during the rainy season, and regression results confirm the postulated positive association between poor mental health and food insecurity.
111 citations
Authors
Showing all 2635 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Alimuddin Zumla | 100 | 747 | 43284 |
David Clark | 73 | 652 | 24857 |
Sten H. Vermund | 69 | 606 | 22181 |
Paul A. Kelly | 68 | 208 | 16836 |
Francis Drobniewski | 67 | 293 | 17371 |
Ayato Takada | 67 | 273 | 14467 |
Karl Peltzer | 60 | 880 | 18515 |
Hirofumi Sawa | 55 | 325 | 11735 |
Peter Godfrey-Faussett | 52 | 173 | 8486 |
Igor J. Koralnik | 52 | 197 | 10186 |
Peter Mwaba | 48 | 132 | 7386 |
Alison M. Elliott | 48 | 299 | 7772 |
Kelly Chibale | 47 | 337 | 7713 |
Chihiro Sugimoto | 47 | 325 | 7737 |
Sian Floyd | 47 | 163 | 6791 |