University of Zimbabwe

About: University of Zimbabwe is a education organization based out in Harare, Harare, Zimbabwe. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The organization has 4378 authors who have published 6800 publications receiving 160720 citations. The organization is also known as: UZ & University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.

Acute phase proteins in the domestic fowl

Abstract: Post-mortem assessment of poultry health requires both identification and classification of the severity and chronicity of lesions. Such assessments are essential for deciding the necessity for treatment or its withdrawal. Poultry meat inspection and routine necropsies are also complicated by subclinical as well as hidden inflammatory processes which result in decreased production. Measurement of changes in the plasma levels of hepatic acute phase proteins in mammalian species is known to give an indication of the stage and severity of inflammatory processes as well as identifying inaccessible lesions. For poultry, several papers have been published on the plasma changes of some acute phase proteins in association with some common poultry diseases and general inflammatory processes. Some have corresponded well with the severity and stages of lesions. It is suggested that measurement of such proteins could be used to complement routine necropsy findings. Understanding the chicken acute phase response, major acute phase proteins present, and their advantages and shortfalls as markers of inflammation, is paramount to the achievement of these goals.

Application of the eating disorders inventory to a sample of black, white, and mixed race schoolgirls in zimbabwe

Abstract: This paper describes the application of Garner's Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI) to 399 black, white, and mixed race schoolgirls attending private schools in Zimbabwe. To the authors' knowledge the instrument has not been applied previously on the African continent. The results obtained indicate concern with eating and weight amongst the black and mixed race groups when compared with previous studies of indigenous subjects in de- veloping countries (Buhrich, 198 1). High scorers are isolated on the basis of obtaining scores on or above the 90th percentile (normative sample com- prised of North American female college students N = 770)on the “drive for thinness” subscale of the ED/. There are 80 high scorers of which 12.5% are black and 17.5% of mixed race, the remainder are white. There is a bulimic tendency amongst the high-Scoring black and mixed race groups. The results of the high scores are further evaluated on the remaining dimensions of the EDI, namely, body dissatisfaction, ineffectiveness, interpersonal distrust, per- fectionism, interoceptive awareness and maturity fears. Finally, a small sample of black, white, and mixed race are engaged in a semistructured interview—-EAT. (The EAT was constructed by Dr. C. Szmukler, Maudsley Hospital, London). This semistructured interview assesses attitudes towards (inter alia) increased interest in certain foods and avoidance of others, de- tailed calorie counting, bingeing, dieting, fear of loss of control over eating, overactivity, etc. The results are reviewed against a background of traditional and evolving cultural values which are juxtaposed within this developing so- ciety.

Undisclosed Antiretroviral Drug Use in a Multinational Clinical Trial (HIV Prevention Trials Network 052)

Abstract: The HIV Prevention Trials Network 052 study enrolled serodiscordant couples. Index participants infected with human immunodeficiency virus reported no prior antiretroviral (ARV) treatment at enrollment. ARV drug testing was performed retrospectively using enrollment samples from a subset of index participants. ARV drugs were detected in 45 of 96 participants (46.9%) with an undetectable viral load, 2 of 48 (4.2%) with a low viral load, and 1 of 65 (1.5%) with a high viral load (P < .0001); they were also detected in follow-up samples from participants who were not receiving study-administered treatment. ARV drug testing may be useful in addition to self-report of ARV drug use in some clinical trial settings.