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Institution

University of Zimbabwe

EducationHarare, Harare, Zimbabwe
About: University of Zimbabwe is a education organization based out in Harare, Harare, Zimbabwe. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The organization has 4378 authors who have published 6800 publications receiving 160720 citations. The organization is also known as: UZ & University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 2017
TL;DR: The advantage of recognizing these seven species is highlighted, as ignoring these species will impede deciphering further biologically and clinically relevant differences between them, which may in turn delay future clinical advances.
Abstract: Cryptococcosis is a major fungal disease caused by members of the Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans species complexes. After more than 15 years of molecular genetic and phenotypic studies and much debate, a proposal for a taxonomic revision was made. The two varieties within C. neoformans were raised to species level, and the same was done for five genotypes within C. gattii. In a recent perspective (K. J. Kwon-Chung et al., mSphere 2:e00357-16, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00357-16), it was argued that this taxonomic proposal was premature and without consensus in the community. Although the authors of the perspective recognized the existence of genetic diversity, they preferred the use of the informal nomenclature "C. neoformans species complex" and "C. gattii species complex." Here we highlight the advantage of recognizing these seven species, as ignoring these species will impede deciphering further biologically and clinically relevant differences between them, which may in turn delay future clinical advances.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Treatment of schistosomiasis can reduce the rate of viral replication and increase CD4 cell count in the coinfected host, and this effect did not differ between participants when stratified by HIV-1 infection status.
Abstract: To determine whether of schistosomiasis has an effect on the course of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection individuals with schistosomiasis and with or without HIV-1 infection were randomized to receive praziquantel treatment at inclusion or after a delay of 3 months; 287 participants were included in the study and 227 (79%) were followed up. Among the 130 participants who were coinfected those who received early treatment (n = 64) had a significantly lower increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA load than did those who received delayed treatment (n = 66) (P <.05); this difference was associated with no change in plasma HIV-1 RNA load in the early intervention group (P = .99) and an increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA load in the delayed intervention group (P <.01). Among the 227 participants who were followed up those who received early treatment (n = 105) had an increase in CD4 cell count whereas those who received delayed treatment (n = 122) did not (P <.05); this effect did not differ between participants when stratified by HIV-1 infection status (P = .17). The present study suggests that treatment of schistosomiasis can reduce the rate of viral replication and increase CD4 cell count in the coinfected host. (authors)

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that reported childhood sexual and physical abuse is high in all three settings, also among men, and shows strong relationships with a range of sexual risk behaviors, including age at first sex.
Abstract: Childhood sexual and physical abuse have been linked to adolescent and adult risky sexual behaviors, including early sexual debut, an increased number of sexual partners, unprotected sex, alcohol and drug use during sex and sexual violence. This paper explores these relationships among both men and women who report histories of childhood abuse from representative samples of communities in three countries in southern and eastern Africa (South Africa, Zimbabwe and Tanzania). Data were collected as part of a 3-year randomized community trial to rapidly increase knowledge of HIV status and to promote community responses through mobilisation, mobile testing, provision of same-day HIV test results and post-test support for HIV. The results indicate that reported childhood sexual and physical abuse is high in all three settings, also among men, and shows strong relationships with a range of sexual risk behaviors, including age at first sex (OR −0.6 (CI: −0.9, −0.4, p < 0.003)—among men, OR −0.7 (CI: −0.9, −0.5, p < 0.001)—among women), alcohol (OR 1.43 (CI: 1.22, 1.68, p < 0.001)—men, OR 1.83 (CI: 1.50, 2.24, p < 0.001)—women) and drug use (OR 1.65 (CI: 1.38, 1.97, p < 0.001)—men, OR 3.14 (CI: 1.95, 5.05, p < 0.001)—women) and two forms of partner violence—recent forced sex (OR 2.22 (CI: 1.66, 2.95, p < 0.001)—men, OR 2.76 (CI: 2.09, 3.64, p < 0.001)—women) and ever being hurt by a partner (OR 3.88 (CI: 2.84, 5.29, p < 0.001)—men, OR 3.06 (CI: 2.48, 3.76, p < 0.001)—women). Individuals abused in childhood comprise between 6 and 29 % of young adult men and women living in these African settings and constitute a population at high risk of HIV infection.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
J. Ndamba, N. Nyazema1, N. Makaza, C. Anderson, K.C. Kaondera 
TL;DR: A total of 286 traditional healers, 85% of them registered with the Zimbabwe National Traditional Healers' Association (ZINATHA), in five administrative provinces of Zimbabwe, were interviewed to assess their knowledge about the signs and symptoms of urinary schistosomiasis, and results obtained suggested that plant extracts from Abrus precatorius, Pterocarpus angolensis and Ozoroa insignis were lethal to adultSchistosomes.

110 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Lekking in marine iguanas may represent a ‘hotshot’ phenomenon where small territorial males associate with large males to increase reproductive success.

110 citations


Authors

Showing all 4433 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Didier Raoult1733267153016
Roy M. Anderson11652665549
Vikram Patel11665459717
Richard M. Cowling9639230042
Ken E. Giller9255536374
Leif Bertilsson8732123933
Johan Rockström8523657842
Alex Aiken7729520254
Frances M. Cowan7645619984
Robert J. Biggar7323118474
Charles A. Thornton7118217195
David Wilson6961818780
David Katzenstein6928021239
Bruce M. Campbell6722717616
David Sanders6549217119
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202327
202289
2021485
2020393
2019291
2018326