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Institution

University of Zimbabwe

EducationHarare, Harare, Zimbabwe
About: University of Zimbabwe is a education organization based out in Harare, Harare, Zimbabwe. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The organization has 4378 authors who have published 6800 publications receiving 160720 citations. The organization is also known as: UZ & University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Permin, J.B Esmann, C.H Hoj, T. Hove1, Samson Mukaratirwa1 
TL;DR: A cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of ecto-, endo- and haemoparasites in free-range chickens from the Goromonzi District, Zimbabwe, and identified the most prevalent nematodes and cestodes.

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe typical grain postharvest systems in east and southern Africa and discuss the likely impacts of different climate change trends on post-harvest activities, assets and human well-being outcomes.
Abstract: Climate change and variability affect not only the field stages and yields of crops, but also what happens to them after harvest. There has been little discussion of the impacts of climate change on postharvest agriculture, and still less on these impacts in developing countries. Many studies have focused on potential crop yield and pre-harvest implications of different climatic projections, but have omitted an analysis of the need and ability to then protect this increasingly valuable harvest as a vital aspect of food security. Postharvest systems will be affected by changes in temperature, rainfall, humidity, extreme events and the natural and human responses to climate change and variability. This study describes typical grain postharvest systems in east and southern Africa and discusses the likely impacts of different climate change trends on postharvest activities, assets and human well-being outcomes. Adaptation opportunities for creating more climate resilient postharvest agricultural systems and associated livelihoods are identified. Many of these adaptation opportunities are already known and understood by postharvest service providers, highlighting the significant challenge of getting postharvest knowledge into use at a larger scale. A discussion is presented on the factors influencing attempts to strengthen the adaptive capacity of postharvest systems, such as its invisibility, its omission from training curricula, innovation system challenges, the policy bias towards pre-harvest agricultural spending, limited understanding of gender and diversity aspects of postharvest roles, and the dominance of maize in the food system. The study recognises the crucial role of postharvest agriculture in helping communities adapt and cope with change.

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Optimisation research of lipase-catalysed transesterification could include development of new reactor systems with immobilised biocatalysts, the use of lipases tolerant to organic solvents, intracellular lipases and genetically modified microorganisms.
Abstract: Biotechnological production of biodiesel has attracted considerable attention during the past decade compared to chemical-catalysed production since biocatalysis-mediated transesterification has many advantages. Currently, there are extensive reports on enzyme-catalysed transesterification for biodiesel production; the related research can be classified into immobilised-extracellular and immobilised-intracellular biocatalysis and this review focusses on these forms of biocatalyst for biodiesel production. The optimisation of the most important operating conditions affecting lipase-catalysed transesterification and the yield of alkyl esters, such as the type and form of lipase, the type of alcohol, the presence of organic solvents, the content of water in the oil, temperature and the presence of glycerol, are discussed. However, there is still a need to optimise lipase-catalysed transesterification and reduce the cost of lipase production before it is applied commercially. Optimisation research of lipase-catalysed transesterification could include development of new reactor systems with immobilised biocatalysts, the use of lipases tolerant to organic solvents, intracellular lipases (whole microbial cells) and genetically modified microorganisms (intelligent yeasts). Biodiesel fuel is expensive in comparison with petrole um-based fuel and 60–70% of the cost is associated with feedstock oil and enzyme. Therefore ways of reducing the cost of biodiesel with respect to enzyme and substrate oils reported in literature are also presented.

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the chlorox test, vanillin-HCl, the ferric ammonium citrate and butanol-HCL methods were used to identify those with desirable properties and develop suitable processing methods.
Abstract: Sixteen sorghum varieties widely cultivated in Zimbabwe were examined for levels of phenolic compounds and kernel characteristics, to help identify those with desirable properties and develop suitable processing methods. Assays for polyphenols included the chlorox test, the vanillin- HCl, the ferric ammonium citrate and the butanol-HCl methods. Free phenolic acids were analysed using reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Varieties DC-75, Mutode and Chirmaugute had the highest levels of condensed tannins. The polyphenols in Chibonda were mostly unextractable in methanol. No significant levels of polyphenols were found in 13 varieties. Phenolic acid content was related to pericarp colour. Endosperm texture and pericarp thickness were evaluated using video image analysis. Katandanzara and SV1 had relatively corneous endosperms ( 0.060 mm). Endosperm texture was not correlated with phenolic compounds. A positive correlation, however, was observed between pericarp thickness and polyphenol content (r> 0.64). Zimbabwean sorghums lack ideal agronomic and processing physico-chemical characteristics defined in terms of high polyphenols, plus hard endosperm and thin pericarp. Research is required to develop effective methods to process the available polyphenol-rich sorghums. # 1999 Society of Chemical Industry

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The paper investigates the magnitude of migration of health professionals from Zimbabwe, the causes of such movements and the associated impacts on health care delivery and calls for the adoption of an integrated approach.
Abstract: This paper was presented at a conference on ‘Migration and Health’ hosted by Cape Town University and sponsored by the Transnational Communities Programme. It will be published as part of a special issue the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies in 2005.

104 citations


Authors

Showing all 4433 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Didier Raoult1733267153016
Roy M. Anderson11652665549
Vikram Patel11665459717
Richard M. Cowling9639230042
Ken E. Giller9255536374
Leif Bertilsson8732123933
Johan Rockström8523657842
Alex Aiken7729520254
Frances M. Cowan7645619984
Robert J. Biggar7323118474
Charles A. Thornton7118217195
David Wilson6961818780
David Katzenstein6928021239
Bruce M. Campbell6722717616
David Sanders6549217119
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202327
202289
2021485
2020393
2019291
2018326