Institution
University of Zurich
Education•Zurich, Switzerland•
About: University of Zurich is a education organization based out in Zurich, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 50842 authors who have published 124042 publications receiving 5304521 citations. The organization is also known as: UZH & Uni Zurich.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Leibniz Association1, University of Zurich2, James Hutton Institute3, Murdoch University4, University of Minnesota5, National Institutes of Health6, University of California, Riverside7, European Bioinformatics Institute8, University of Udine9, University of Helsinki10, Norwich University11, Zhejiang University12, Kansas State University13, University of Adelaide14, University of East Anglia15, National Institute of Agricultural Botany16, Technische Universität München17, Lund University18, Government of Western Australia19, Yangtze University20, University of Dundee21, University of Western Australia22
TL;DR: The importance of the barley reference sequence for breeding is demonstrated by inspecting the genomic partitioning of sequence variation in modern elite germplasm, highlighting regions vulnerable to genetic erosion.
Abstract: Cereal grasses of the Triticeae tribe have been the major food source in temperate regions since the dawn of agriculture. Their large genomes are characterized by a high content of repetitive elements and large pericentromeric regions that are virtually devoid of meiotic recombination. Here we present a high-quality reference genome assembly for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). We use chromosome conformation capture mapping to derive the linear order of sequences across the pericentromeric space and to investigate the spatial organization of chromatin in the nucleus at megabase resolution. The composition of genes and repetitive elements differs between distal and proximal regions. Gene family analyses reveal lineage-specific duplications of genes involved in the transport of nutrients to developing seeds and the mobilization of carbohydrates in grains. We demonstrate the importance of the barley reference sequence for breeding by inspecting the genomic partitioning of sequence variation in modern elite germplasm, highlighting regions vulnerable to genetic erosion.
1,105 citations
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TL;DR: In vitro exposure of islets from nondiabetic organ donors to high glucose levels resulted in increased production and release of IL-1beta, followed by NF-kappaB activation, Fas upregulation, DNA fragmentation, and impaired beta cell function, which implicate an inflammatory process in the pathogenesis of glucotoxicity in type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: In type 2 diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia is suggested to be detrimental to pancreatic beta cells, causing impaired insulin secretion. IL-1beta is a proinflammatory cytokine acting during the autoimmune process of type 1 diabetes. IL-1beta inhibits beta cell function and promotes Fas-triggered apoptosis in part by activating the transcription factor NF-kappaB. Recently, we have shown that increased glucose concentrations also induce Fas expression and beta cell apoptosis in human islets. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that IL-1beta may mediate the deleterious effects of high glucose on human beta cells. In vitro exposure of islets from nondiabetic organ donors to high glucose levels resulted in increased production and release of IL-1beta, followed by NF-kappaB activation, Fas upregulation, DNA fragmentation, and impaired beta cell function. The IL-1 receptor antagonist protected cultured human islets from these deleterious effects. beta cells themselves were identified as the islet cellular source of glucose-induced IL-1beta. In vivo, IL-1beta-producing beta cells were observed in pancreatic sections of type 2 diabetic patients but not in nondiabetic control subjects. Similarly, IL-1beta was induced in beta cells of the gerbil Psammomys obesus during development of diabetes. Treatment of the animals with phlorizin normalized plasma glucose and prevented beta cell expression of IL-1beta. These findings implicate an inflammatory process in the pathogenesis of glucotoxicity in type 2 diabetes and identify the IL-1beta/NF-kappaB pathway as a target to preserve beta cell mass and function in this condition.
1,105 citations
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01 Mar 1998TL;DR: In this article, a detailed algebraic introduction to Grothendieck's local cohomology theory is provided, with many illustrations of applications of the theory in commutative algebra and in the geometry of quasi-affine and quasi-projective varieties.
Abstract: This book provides a careful and detailed algebraic introduction to Grothendieck’s local cohomology theory, and provides many illustrations of applications of the theory in commutative algebra and in the geometry of quasi-affine and quasi-projective varieties. Topics covered include Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity, the Fulton–Hansen connectedness theorem for projective varieties, and connections between local cohomology and both reductions of ideals and sheaf cohomology. It is designed for graduate students who have some experience of basic commutative algebra and homological algebra, and also for experts in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry.
1,104 citations
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Clark University1, University of Michigan2, Scripps Institution of Oceanography3, Trent University4, University of Bristol5, University of Colorado Boulder6, University of Alaska Fairbanks7, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences8, Centre national de la recherche scientifique9, Uppsala University10, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research11, University of Innsbruck12, Utrecht University13, Dresden University of Technology14, University of Zurich15, University of Alberta16, University of Oslo17
TL;DR: It is found that glaciers in the Arctic, Canada, Alaska, coastal Greenland, the southern Andes, and high-mountain Asia contribute approximately as much melt water as the ice sheets themselves: 260 billion tons per year between 2003 and 2009, accounting for about 30% of the observed sea-level rise during that period.
Abstract: Glaciers distinct from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets are losing large amounts of water to the world's oceans. However, estimates of their contribution to sea level rise disagree. We provide a consensus estimate by standardizing existing, and creating new, mass-budget estimates from satellite gravimetry and altimetry and from local glaciological records. In many regions, local measurements are more negative than satellite-based estimates. All regions lost mass during 2003-2009, with the largest losses from Arctic Canada, Alaska, coastal Greenland, the southern Andes, and high-mountain Asia, but there was little loss from glaciers in Antarctica. Over this period, the global mass budget was -259 ± 28 gigatons per year, equivalent to the combined loss from both ice sheets and accounting for 29 ± 13% of the observed sea level rise.
1,102 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors provided worldwide and Europe-wide estimates for the production and use of ten different engineered nanomaterials (TiO2, ZnO, FeO, AlO�, AlOႷ ₷႔, AlÕ€ Á€ À Á À à ǫ, Alǫ Á à À , SiO2, CeO 2, Ag, QDs, CNT, and fullerenes.
Abstract: Not much is known so far about the amounts of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) that are produced but this information is crucial for environmental exposure assessment. This paper provides worldwide and Europe-wide estimates for the production and use of ten different ENM (TiO2, ZnO, FeO
x
, AlO
x
, SiO2, CeO2, Ag, quantum dots, CNT, and fullerenes) based on a survey sent to companies producing and using ENM. The companies were asked about their estimate of the worldwide or regional market and not about their company-specific production, information that they would be less likely to communicate. The study focused on the actual production quantities and not the production capacities. The survey also addressed information on distribution of the produced ENM to different product categories. The results reveal that some ENM are produced in Europe in small amounts (less than 10 t/year for Ag, QDs and fullerenes). The most produced ENM is TiO2 with up to 10,000 t of worldwide production. CeO2, FeO
x
, AlO
x
, ZnO, and CNT are produced between 100 and 1000 t/year. The data for SiO2 cover the whole range from less than 10 to more than 10,000 t/year, which is indicative of problems related to the definition of this material (is pyrogenic silica considered an ENM or not?). For seven ENM we have obtained the first estimates for their distribution to different product categories, information that also forms the base for life-cycle based exposure analysis.
1,102 citations
Authors
Showing all 51384 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Richard A. Flavell | 231 | 1328 | 205119 |
Peer Bork | 206 | 697 | 245427 |
Thomas C. Südhof | 191 | 653 | 118007 |
Stuart H. Orkin | 186 | 715 | 112182 |
Ruedi Aebersold | 182 | 879 | 141881 |
Tadamitsu Kishimoto | 181 | 1067 | 130860 |
Stanley B. Prusiner | 168 | 745 | 97528 |
Yang Yang | 164 | 2704 | 144071 |
Tomas Hökfelt | 158 | 1033 | 95979 |
Dan R. Littman | 157 | 426 | 107164 |
Hans Lassmann | 155 | 724 | 79933 |
Matthias Egger | 152 | 901 | 184176 |
Lorenzo Bianchini | 152 | 1516 | 106970 |
Robert M. Strieter | 151 | 612 | 73040 |
Ashok Kumar | 151 | 5654 | 164086 |