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Showing papers by "Urban Institute published in 1972"


Journal ArticleDOI
Theodore Schultz1

4,827 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
Joseph S. Wholey1
TL;DR: The authors assesses the role program evaluation can play in assisting decisions on public programs and analyzes some of the problems decisionmakers face in trying to get reliable, useful evaluation, and concludes that evaluation from the standpoint of decisionmakers interested in finding out the "right" answers about their programs can be helpful.
Abstract: This paper assesses the role program evaluation can play in assisting decisions on public programs. The author looks at evaluation from the standpoint of decisionmakers interested in finding out the “right” answers about their programs. The discussion focuses on the assistance that various types of evaluation can give to program managers and to policymakers concerned with legislative changes and budget levels. The paper includes recent examples of relevant evaluation work. The concluding section analyzes some of the problems decisionmakers face in trying to get reliable, useful evaluation.

10 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The MODAL SPLIT PROBLEM is CHARACTERIZED as a PERFECT SUBSTITUTE MODEL of CONSUMER CHOICE in this article.

8 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1972
TL;DR: Orcutt et al. as mentioned in this paper developed a simulation model for the Urban Institute with support from the U.S. Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) with the primary purpose of providing a tool for decision makers that will give them information not previ-
Abstract: level of government. The model is now nearing completion at the Urban Institute with support from the U.S. Office of Economic Opportunity. Guy H. Orcutt, codirector with me of a team of social scientists, has been responsible for the methodological development of this type of simulation model, and our present model marks an important stage of evolutionary development that began with Orcutt’s work in the early 1950s (for the most comprehensive early description of a simulation model, see Orcutt et al., 1961 ). The primary purpose of the model is to provide a tool for decision makers that will give them information not previ-

4 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1972

1 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
Damian J. Kulash1
TL;DR: There are two general APPROACHES to TRAVEL DEMAND ANALYSIS CURRENTly BEING SUGGESTED: the ''URBAN TRANSPORTation PLANNING PROCESS'' and the ''DIRECT DEMAND MODELS'' as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: THERE ARE TWO GENERAL APPROACHES TO TRAVEL DEMAND ANALYSIS CURRENTLY BEING SUGGESTED: THE \"URBAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROCESS\" AND THE \"DIRECT DEMAND MODELS.\" THEIR GENERAL FORMS, STRENGTHS, AND WEAKNESSESB ARE SKETCHED BRIEFLY HERE, AND OME PROBLEMS COMMON TO BOTH APPROACHES ARE INVESTIGATED. THE PAPER ADVOCATES RESEARCH IN SEVERAL DIRECTIONS WHICH WOULD HOLP TO ALLEVIATE THE PROBLEMS IN CURRENT PROCEDURES, AND WHICH ALSO PROMISES TO YIELD SOME POLICY GUIDELINES AS RESEARCH PROGRESSES. THESE DIRECTIONS INCLUDE: INVESTIGATION OF PEAKING PATTERNS AND THE FORCES BEHIND THEM, THE QUANTITATIVE REPRESENTATION OF MORE DIMENSIONS OF TRAVELER EXPERIENCE THAN ARE CURRENTLY BEING ANALYZED, THE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRATIFICATIONS, THE INCLUSION OF AUTO OWNERSHIP DECISIONS INTO THE TRAVEL DEMAND PREDICTION PROCESS, AND THE DEVELOPMENT AND COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE STRUCTURAL FORMULATIONS FOR DETERMINING PASSENGER DEMAND. /DOT/