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Institution

Urban Institute

NonprofitWashington D.C., District of Columbia, United States
About: Urban Institute is a nonprofit organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Medicaid & Population. The organization has 927 authors who have published 2330 publications receiving 86426 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The unequal spatial distribution of crime is an enduring feature of cities as mentioned in this paper, and while research suggests that spatial diffusion processes heighten this concentration, the actual mechanisms of diffusion are unknown.
Abstract: The unequal spatial distribution of crime is an enduring feature of cities. While research suggests that spatial diffusion processes heighten this concentration, the actual mechanisms of diffusion ...

36 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To maximize the intended policy impact without jeopardizing the workforce that holds the key to their adoption, policy makers invest in implementation support, redesign hospital incentives to reward teamwork, and involve nursing leaders in the design of future incentive policies.
Abstract: We interviewed hospital leaders and unit nurses in twenty-five hospitals between June and October 2008 to explore the effect of performance-based incentives. Interviewees expressed favorable impressions of the impact that incentive policies have on quality and safety. However, they raised concerns about the policies’ effects on the nurse workforce. Their concerns included the belief that performance-based incentives would increase both the burden and the blame for nurses without corresponding improvements in staffing levels, work environment, salaries, or turnover. To maximize the intended policy impact without jeopardizing the workforce that holds the key to their adoption, we recommend that policy makers invest in implementation support, redesign hospital incentives to reward teamwork, and involve nursing leaders in the design of future incentive policies.

36 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A geographic index of physician practice costs is developed that is useful in explaining geographic variation in physician fees and may be used in reforming the way Medicare pays physicians.

36 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The number of years since medical residency is positively related to physicians' claims incidence during the first 27 years of practice, and that OBGs and medical specialists who spend more time with their patients per office visit incur fewer claims.
Abstract: This study analyzes the incidence of medical malpractice claims since 1976, using data drawn from the 1982 core survey of the American Medical Association's Socioeconomic Monitoring System. The data show that, on average, physicians incurred twice as many claims per year in the years 1976 to 1981 as they did during their careers prior to that period. Using Tobit analysis, we find the annual frequency of claims to be greater among surgeons, obstetricians and gynecologists (OBGs), physicians in group practice, and physicians in states which apply the legal doctrine of informed consent. In addition, we find that the number of years since medical residency is positively related to physicians' claims incidence during the first 27 years of practice, and that OBGs and medical specialists who spend more time with their patients per office visit incur fewer claims.

36 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Rural enrollees are much less likely than urban enrollees to receive medical social service or therapeutic visits, even after controlling for primary diagnosis, and the need for further analysis to understand the consequences of these differences is pointed to.
Abstract: This article addresses whether the use of Medicare home health services differs systematically for rural and urban beneficiaries. It draws on Medicare data bases from 1983, 1985, and 1987, including the Health Insurance Skeleton Write-Off (HISKEW) files and the Home Health Agency (HHA) 40-percent Bill Skeleton files. It presents background information on rural and urban beneficiaries and contrasts the use rates, visit levels and profiles, episodes of home health use, and primary diagnoses in rural and urban areas. The results point to higher home health use rates in urban areas and to a narrowing of the urban-rural use differential from 1983 to 1987. Rural home health users receive on average three more visits than their urban counterparts, with many more skilled nursing and home health aide visits. However, rural enrollees are much less likely than urban enrollees to receive medical social service or therapeutic visits, even after controlling for primary diagnosis. These findings point to the need for further analysis to understand the consequences of these differences.

36 citations


Authors

Showing all 937 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Jun Yang107209055257
Jesse A. Berlin10333164187
Joseph P. Newhouse10148447711
Ted R. Miller97384116530
Peng Gong9552532283
James Evans6965923585
Mark Baker6538220285
Erik Swyngedouw6434423494
Richard V. Burkhauser6334713059
Philip J. Held6211321596
George Galster6022613037
Laurence C. Baker5721111985
Richard Heeks5628115660
Sandra L. Hofferth5416312382
Kristin A. Moore542659270
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20232
202214
202177
202080
2019100
2018113