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Institution

Urban Institute

NonprofitWashington D.C., District of Columbia, United States
About: Urban Institute is a nonprofit organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Medicaid & Population. The organization has 927 authors who have published 2330 publications receiving 86426 citations.


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Journal Article
Marilyn Moon1
TL;DR: The success of Medicare from the perspective of older Americans can be summarized in four broad areas: its administrative costs are low, it is popular with both its beneficiaries and the population as a whole, it has delivered on its promises, and it has been successful in fulfilling its promises.
Abstract: In marking Medicare's 30th year in operation, it is fitting to focus on the program's successes. The fiscal pressures facing Medicare on both its own financing base and that of the Federal Government as a whole, and the rapid changes occurring elsewhere in the health care system, have led to a raft of criticisms of the program in recent years. Although Medicare could certainly be improved, pausing to reflect on the positive aspects of the program can offer some balance to the current debate on Medicare's future. Medicare is the largest public health program in the United States, providing the major source of insurance for the acute medical care needs of elderly and disabled persons. Its administrative costs are low, and it is popular with both its beneficiaries and the population as a whole. It has delivered on its promises. The success of Medicare from the perspective of older Americans can be summarized in four broad areas.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The quality of hospital structure and process as it relates to the functions and performance of physicians, and to a lesser extent, nurses is examined in a large public hospital in the Dominican Republic.
Abstract: Medical care personnel constitute a major portion of health-care costs and are an important determinant of quality. Personnel policy, especially regarding physicians and nurses, is central to the level and type of care provided, and ultimately to the resources expended. There is increasing evidence that state health systems in many Latin American countries face the apparently paradoxical situation of oversupply of physicians coupled with the undersupply of physician services. Yet, productivity of medical staff in public facilities in Latin America is a relatively unexplored area. Further, little is known about the relationship between productivity of medical staff and quality of services provided in developing countries. Taking the case of a large public hospital in the Dominican Republic, this study examines the quality of hospital structure and process as it relates to the functions and performance of physicians, and to a lesser extent, nurses. Based on a patient-based survey, data were collected on physician and nurse time allocations in outpatient, emergency, surgery and inpatient wards, the types of services provided, and the time costs of providing them. The analysis focuses on medical staff performance according to the professional levels of physicians and nurses providing care, and the time spent attending to patients and conducting supervisory tasks. The gap between contracted and expended physician hours is examined. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications for hospital management, particularly as they relate to incentives for medical personnel.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that this stagnation is a product of the incomplete nature of the post-conflict stabilization strategy of decentralization and that correcting this failure will require strong commitment from the central government to implementing the full measure of the existing legal framework for decentralization.
Abstract: Summary Sierra Leone has made progress in recovering from a decade-long civil war, in part due to decentralization. As a post-conflict stabilization strategy, decentralization has been effective in satisfying the desire for more equitable political representation, and three rounds of peaceful elections have strengthened democratic norms. However, more needs to be performed to strengthen local governments in order to address regional horizontal inequity. Solely political decentralization is not sufficient in addressing regional differences in pro-poor service delivery, which was a key driver of conflict. It requires broader commitment to establish a functioning local government system, including central government subscription to the tenets of administrative and fiscal decentralization. Though Sierra Leone has remained stable in terms of political violence, recent data show that the nation has not made great strides in addressing weak and inequitable social service delivery. This paper argues that this stagnation is a product of the incomplete nature of the post-conflict stabilization strategy of decentralization and that correcting this failure will require strong commitment from the central government to implementing the full measure of the existing legal framework for decentralization. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors examined the long-run consequences for children of parental marital disruption, focusing upon the labor market performance of sons during their 23rd year, and found that such disruption may affect a child's subsequent economic circumstances by reducing the amount of income and parental time available to him and by confronting him with changed opportunities regarding schooling, work, and own-household decisions.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use a detailed dataset of seriously delinquent mortgages to examine the dynamic process of mortgage default, from initial delinquency and default to final resolution of the loan and disposition of the property, and find that the outcomes of the foreclosure process are significantly related to: loan characteristics including the borrower’s credit history, current loan-to-value and the presence of a junior lien; the borrower's post-default payment behavior, including the borrowers participation in foreclosure counseling; neighborhood characteristics such as foreclosure rates, recent house price depreciation and median income; and the borrower
Abstract: We use a detailed dataset of seriously delinquent mortgages to examine the dynamic process of mortgage default—from initial delinquency and default to final resolution of the loan and disposition of the property. We estimate a two-stage competing risk hazard model to assess the factors associated with post-default outcomes, including whether a borrower receives a legal notice of foreclosure. In particular, we focus on a borrower’s ability to avoid a foreclosure auction by getting a modification, by refinancing the loan, or by selling the property. We find that the outcomes of the foreclosure process are significantly related to: loan characteristics including the borrower’s credit history, current loan-to-value and the presence of a junior lien; the borrower’s post-default payment behavior, including the borrower’s participation in foreclosure counseling; neighborhood characteristics such as foreclosure rates, recent house price depreciation and median income; and the borrower’s race and ethnicity.

22 citations


Authors

Showing all 937 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Jun Yang107209055257
Jesse A. Berlin10333164187
Joseph P. Newhouse10148447711
Ted R. Miller97384116530
Peng Gong9552532283
James Evans6965923585
Mark Baker6538220285
Erik Swyngedouw6434423494
Richard V. Burkhauser6334713059
Philip J. Held6211321596
George Galster6022613037
Laurence C. Baker5721111985
Richard Heeks5628115660
Sandra L. Hofferth5416312382
Kristin A. Moore542659270
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20232
202214
202177
202080
2019100
2018113