Institution
Urban Institute
Nonprofit•Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States•
About: Urban Institute is a nonprofit organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Medicaid & Population. The organization has 927 authors who have published 2330 publications receiving 86426 citations.
Topics: Medicaid, Population, Health care, Poison control, Health policy
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate the social benefits of homeownership using an exogenous instrument based on randomly assigned treatment status from a field experiment that subsidized saving for home purchase for low-income renters through Individual Development Accounts (IDAs).
Abstract: We estimate the social benefits of homeownership using an exogenous instrument based on randomly assigned treatment status from a field experiment that subsidized saving for home purchase for low-income renters through Individual Development Accounts (IDAs). This approach attempts to eliminate the potential correlation present in previous analyses between unobserved individual characteristics leading to homeownership and traits leading to provision of social capital or local amenities. Consistent with previous work, we show that homeownership positively affects political engagement in simple probits. Instrumental variable probits, however, show no impact of homeownership on political involvement. IV results for other social outcomes are less conclusive. The analysis suggests that with the use of an exogenous instrument, it is possible to generate results that are different from the previous literature. Our results also suggest that being eligible to open an IDA did not spur households to provide more social capital or local amenities.
116 citations
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TL;DR: Given the continued erosion in employer-sponsored retiree health benefits and defined benefit pension plans, boomers will likely remain at work longer than members of the previous generation.
Abstract: Objectives. Recent changes in retirement trends and patterns have raised questions about the likely retirement behavior of baby boomers, the large cohort born between 1946 and 1964. This study examined recent changes in retirement expectations and the factors that drove them. Methods. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, the analysis compared self-reported probabilities of working full time past ages 62 and 65 among workers aged 51 to 56 in 1992 and 2004. The study modeled retirement expectations for both generations and used the estimated regression coefficients to identify the forces that accounted for generational differences. Results. Between 1992 and 2004, the mean self-reported probability of working full time past age 65 among workers aged 51 to 56 increased from 27% to 33%. Lower rates of retiree health insurance offers from employers, higher levels of educational attainment, and lower rates of defined benefit pension coverage accounted for most of the growth. Discussion. Given the continued erosion in employer-sponsored retiree health benefits and defined benefit pension plans, boomers will likely remain at work longer than members of the previous generation. Lengthier careers will likely promote economic growth, increase government revenue, and improve individual financial security at older ages.
115 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the implications of political competition theory concerning government size, using data from U.S. states, were tested using the flypapereffect of grants and showed that greater political competition in the race for governor acts as a check against bigger government.
Abstract: We test implications of politicalcompetition theory concerning government size, usingdata from U.S. states. We find that greaterpolitical competition in the race for governor actsas a check against bigger government. Evidence onthe effectiveness of legal limits on expendituresand/or revenues growth is mixed. The DemocraticParty is associated with bigger government, but onlywhen party representation in both the governor'shouse and the legislature is strong. The flypapereffect of grants is found to be strong. Our resultshave implications for models of fiscal illusion.
115 citations
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TL;DR: This paper examined gender gaps in poverty in the United States and seven other Western nations, asking how single motherhood, market earnings, and welfare states affect gender inequality in poverty, and found that single mothers, market income and welfare state are correlated with gender inequality.
Abstract: In this article we examine gender gaps in poverty in the United States and seven other Western nations, asking how single motherhood, market earnings, and welfare states affect gender inequality in...
115 citations
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TL;DR: The Moving to Opportunity demonstration program in Chicago as discussed by the authors explored changes for households moving from public housing to low-poverty neighborhoods with housing counseling assistance, and found dramatic improvements in neighborhood and housing conditions for all participating families.
Abstract: This article uses survey data from the Moving to Opportunity demonstration program in Chicago to explore changes for households moving from public housing. The focus is on two key areas: housing and neighborhood conditions, and labor force participation and employment of householders. The experimental design of the program allows the differences between comparison households, which moved with a regular Section 8 voucher, and experimental households, which moved to low‐poverty neighborhoods with housing counseling assistance, to be examined. The findings, based on interviews an average of 18 months after families moved, reveal dramatic improvements in neighborhood and housing conditions for all participating families; experimental families experienced even greater gains in terms of housing and especially neighborhood conditions. Labor force participation and employment increased for householders in both groups, likely fueled by the robust economy throughout much of the country and supporting simil...
114 citations
Authors
Showing all 937 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Jun Yang | 107 | 2090 | 55257 |
Jesse A. Berlin | 103 | 331 | 64187 |
Joseph P. Newhouse | 101 | 484 | 47711 |
Ted R. Miller | 97 | 384 | 116530 |
Peng Gong | 95 | 525 | 32283 |
James Evans | 69 | 659 | 23585 |
Mark Baker | 65 | 382 | 20285 |
Erik Swyngedouw | 64 | 344 | 23494 |
Richard V. Burkhauser | 63 | 347 | 13059 |
Philip J. Held | 62 | 113 | 21596 |
George Galster | 60 | 226 | 13037 |
Laurence C. Baker | 57 | 211 | 11985 |
Richard Heeks | 56 | 281 | 15660 |
Sandra L. Hofferth | 54 | 163 | 12382 |
Kristin A. Moore | 54 | 265 | 9270 |