Institution
Urban Institute
Nonprofit•Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States•
About: Urban Institute is a nonprofit organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Medicaid & Population. The organization has 927 authors who have published 2330 publications receiving 86426 citations.
Topics: Medicaid, Population, Health care, Poison control, Health policy
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a landscape approach, employing remote sensing, GIS and data reduction techniques to map urban green infrastructure elements in a large U.K. city region.
Abstract: Common approaches to mapping green infrastructure in urbanised landscapes invariably focus on measures of land use or land cover and associated functional or physical traits. However, such one-dimensional perspectives do not accurately capture the character and complexity of the landscapes in which urban inhabitants live. The new approach presented in this paper demonstrates how open-source, high spatial and temporal resolution data with global coverage can be used to measure and represent the landscape qualities of urban environments. Through going beyond simple metrics of quantity, such as percentage green and blue cover, it is now possible to explore the extent to which landscape quality helps to unpick the mixed evidence presented in the literature on the benefits of urban nature to human well-being. Here we present a landscape approach, employing remote sensing, GIS and data reduction techniques to map urban green infrastructure elements in a large U.K. city region. Comparison with existing urban datasets demonstrates considerable improvement in terms of coverage and thematic detail. The characterisation of landscapes, using census tracts as spatial units, and subsequent exploration of associations with social–ecological attributes highlights the further detail that can be uncovered by the approach. For example, eight urban landscape types identified for the case study city exhibited associations with distinct socioeconomic conditions accountable not only to quantities but also qualities of green and blue space. The identification of individual landscape features through simultaneous measures of land use and land cover demonstrated unique and significant associations between the former and indicators of human health and ecological condition. The approach may therefore provide a promising basis for developing further insight into processes and characteristics that affect human health and well-being in urban areas, both in the United Kingdom and beyond.
67 citations
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TL;DR: The authors used a discrete-time multivariate hazard model and two longitudinal data sets, the PSID and SIPP, to examine how events such as changes in household composition and labor supply affect poverty entries and exits.
Abstract: Poverty rates hit record highs in 1993 and have fallen to record lows in 2000. What events triggered entries into poverty in the early 1990s and exits from poverty in the late 1990s? This paper uses a discrete-time multivariate hazard model and two longitudinal data sets, the PSID and SIPP, to examine how events--such as changes in household composition and labor supply--affect poverty entries and exits. We find that there is no single path in or out of poverty. Changes in household composition, disability status, and especially labor supply are important events for entering and exiting poverty.
66 citations
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TL;DR: This article examined the credit experiences of borrowers before and after a foreclosure start and found that the substantial declines in credit scores that accompany a mortgage start and examined the length of time it takes individuals to return their credit scores to predelinquency levels.
Abstract: While a substantial literature has examined the causes of mortgage foreclosure, there has been relatively little work on the consequences of foreclosure for the borrowers themselves. Using a large sample of anonymous credit bureau records, observed quarterly from 1999 through 2010, we examine the credit experiences of 330,000 borrowers before and after a foreclosure start. Our analysis documents the substantial declines in credit scores that accompany a foreclosure start and examines the length of time it takes individuals to return their credit scores to predelinquency levels. The results suggest that, particularly for prime borrowers, credit score recovery comes slowly, if at all. The lack of recovery appears to be driven by persistently higher delinquency rates on consumer credit (such as auto and credit card loans) in the years that follow their foreclosure start. Our results also indicate that the experiences of individuals whose mortgages entered foreclosure from 2007 to 2009 have followed a similar path to borrowers foreclosed earlier in the decade, though their postforeclosure-start delinquency rates have been higher and, consequently, credit score recovery appears to be taking longer.
66 citations
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TL;DR: This paper examined the impact of economic, cultural, and social factors on five different dimensions of emotional well-being for immigrants and natives at midlife and found that economic factors and human capital variables are the most important determinants of emotional health for both immigrants and native.
Abstract: Linking theories of social stratification, ethnicity, and mental health with theories of human and social capital, the authors examine the impact of economic, cultural, and social factors on five different dimensions of emotional well-being for immigrants and natives at midlife. Based on data from the 1992 wave of the Health and Retirement Study, the authors found that economic factors and human capital variables are the most important determinants of emotional health for both immigrants and natives. The results indicate that cultural factors can enhance emotional well-being. Religious affiliation and participation are important for both immigrants and natives, but religious participation appears to be more beneficial for immigrants. Being part of a couple was also associated with better emotional health, especially for immigrants. The effects of several determinants of emotional health differed across immigrant groups. It was found that marriage, education, and the presence of economically stable kin are...
66 citations
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TL;DR: The results from a 2011 survey and focus-group sessions with Washington State primary care physicians suggest that doctors welcome planned increases in Medicaid reimbursement rates, but also show that other approaches could be even more effective in increasing physicians' willingness to see Medicaid patients.
Abstract: The expansion of insurance coverage under the Affordable Care Act is expected to put considerable pressure on the capacity of the primary care workforce to meet the needs of the Medicaid population...
66 citations
Authors
Showing all 937 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Jun Yang | 107 | 2090 | 55257 |
Jesse A. Berlin | 103 | 331 | 64187 |
Joseph P. Newhouse | 101 | 484 | 47711 |
Ted R. Miller | 97 | 384 | 116530 |
Peng Gong | 95 | 525 | 32283 |
James Evans | 69 | 659 | 23585 |
Mark Baker | 65 | 382 | 20285 |
Erik Swyngedouw | 64 | 344 | 23494 |
Richard V. Burkhauser | 63 | 347 | 13059 |
Philip J. Held | 62 | 113 | 21596 |
George Galster | 60 | 226 | 13037 |
Laurence C. Baker | 57 | 211 | 11985 |
Richard Heeks | 56 | 281 | 15660 |
Sandra L. Hofferth | 54 | 163 | 12382 |
Kristin A. Moore | 54 | 265 | 9270 |