Institution
Urban Institute
Nonprofit•Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States•
About: Urban Institute is a nonprofit organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Medicaid & Population. The organization has 927 authors who have published 2330 publications receiving 86426 citations.
Topics: Medicaid, Population, Health care, Poison control, Health policy
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the results of a prospective, randomized study of the impact and cost-effectiveness of DNA evidence in investigating property crimes, mainly residential burglary, in five U.S. cities between 2005 and 2007.
Abstract: We report the results of a prospective, randomized study of the impact and cost-effectiveness of DNA evidence in investigating property crimes, mainly residential burglary. Biological evidence was collected at up to 500 crime scenes in five U.S. cities between 2005 and 2007, and cases were randomly assigned to the treatment and control groups in equal numbers. DNA processing was added to traditional investigation in the treatment group. A suspect was identified in 31% of treatment cases and 13% of control cases. A suspect was arrested in 22% of treatment cases and 10% of control cases. Across the five sites, each additional arrest—an arrest that would not have occurred without DNA processing—cost slightly more than US$14,000. In the most cost-effective sites, an additional arrest cost less than US$4,000. Expanding the use of DNA as an investigative tool has profound implications. Since DNA-led investigations are more costly than business-as-usual, substantial investments will be required to expand the capacity of crime laboratories, police, and prosecutors to use this investigative tool efficiently. In time, such a change may also impact the types of crimes of cases processed in the criminal justice system.
62 citations
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62 citations
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TL;DR: Using SIPP data, the authors measured SNAP's effectiveness in reducing food insecurity using an instrumental variables approach to control for selection bias, and found that SNAP receipt reduces the likelihood of being food insecure by roughly 30 percent and reduces a very food insecure condition by 20 percent.
Abstract: Nearly 15 percent of all households and 39 percent of near-poor households were food insecure in 2008. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly called the Food Stamp Program) is the cornerstone of federal food assistance programs and serves as the first line of defense against food-related hardship. Using SIPP data, this paper measures SNAP’s effectiveness in reducing food insecurity using an instrumental variables approach to control for selection bias. Our results suggest that SNAP receipt reduces the likelihood of being food insecure by roughly 30 percent and reduces the likelihood of being very food insecure by 20 percent.
62 citations
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TL;DR: The 1981-1982 National Long-Term Care Channeling Demonstration Project data revealed that the mean annual cost per capita for home and institutional care for cognitively impaired persons was +18,500, whereas the equivalent figure for Cognitively intact persons was -16,650.
Abstract: The 1981-1982 National Long-Term Care Channeling Demonstration Project data revealed that the mean annual cost per capita for home and institutional care for cognitively impaired persons was +18,500. The equivalent figure for cognitively intact persons was +16,650. Cognitively impaired persons used nursing homes at twice the rate of cognitively intact persons. Use differences for other health services were slight. A pre- and post-nursing home admission analysis indicated that for the cognitively impaired the annual cost of community care was +11,700, whereas the cost of nursing home care was +22,300.
62 citations
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TL;DR: It is found that African Americans and Hispanics (both immigrant and nonimmigrant) receive less in both types of private transfers than whites, and the African American shortfall in large gifts and inheritances accounts for 12 % of the white-black racial wealth gap.
Abstract: How do private transfers differ by race and ethnicity, and do such differences explain the racial and ethnic disparity in wealth? Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, this study examines private transfers by race and ethnicity in the United States and explores a causal relationship between private transfers and wealth. Panel data and a family-level fixed-effect model are used to control for the endogeneity of private transfers. Private transfers in the form of financial support received and given from extended families and friends, as well as large gifts and inheritances, are examined. We find that African Americans and Hispanics (both immigrant and nonimmigrant) receive less in both types of private transfers than whites. Large gifts and inheritances, but not net financial support received, are related to wealth increases for African American and white families. Overall, we estimate that the African American shortfall in large gifts and inheritances accounts for 12 % of the white-black racial wealth gap.
62 citations
Authors
Showing all 937 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Jun Yang | 107 | 2090 | 55257 |
Jesse A. Berlin | 103 | 331 | 64187 |
Joseph P. Newhouse | 101 | 484 | 47711 |
Ted R. Miller | 97 | 384 | 116530 |
Peng Gong | 95 | 525 | 32283 |
James Evans | 69 | 659 | 23585 |
Mark Baker | 65 | 382 | 20285 |
Erik Swyngedouw | 64 | 344 | 23494 |
Richard V. Burkhauser | 63 | 347 | 13059 |
Philip J. Held | 62 | 113 | 21596 |
George Galster | 60 | 226 | 13037 |
Laurence C. Baker | 57 | 211 | 11985 |
Richard Heeks | 56 | 281 | 15660 |
Sandra L. Hofferth | 54 | 163 | 12382 |
Kristin A. Moore | 54 | 265 | 9270 |