Showing papers by "Utsunomiya University published in 1984"

Inference of tree automata from sample set of trees

Abstract: A method for inferring of tree automata from sample set of trees is presented. The procedure, which is based on the concept ofk-follower of a tree with respect to the sample tree set, produces a tree automaton capable of accepting all the sample trees as well as other trees similar in structure. The behavior of the inferred tree automaton for varying values of parameterk is also discussed.

Simultaneous Excitation and Interaction of Nonlinear Ion-Acoustic and Beam-Mode Waves in an Ion-Beam-Plasma System

Abstract: The simultaneous excitation of nonlinear ion-acoustic and slow beam-mode waves has been experimentally found to occur in an ion-beam--plasma system. Further, the collision between the two different nonlinear modes is observed to result in the formation of a new mode, probably corresponding to a nonlinear explosive mode theoretically predicted by Yajima, Kono, and Ueda.

Friction laws and flow regimes under wave and current motion

Abstract: The velocity profile, shear stress profile and friction coefficient for a wave-current coexisting system are derived by assuming a time-invariant eddy viscosity. In particular, an approximation for the friction coefficient is obtained which should be useful for practical applications. On the basis of previous and recent experiments, flow regimes for wave-current motion are determined. Given the hydraulic characteristics and bed form properties, the bottom shear stress can be estimated using the proposed criteria for the flow regime and friction coefficient.

Energy Utilization by Chicks Fed Amino Acid Diets Containing Graded Levels of Arginine

Abstract: In the first experiment, body weight gain, energy retention and GEE were increased by the dietary arginine up to 0.75%. Arginine intake increased as the content of dietary arginine increased from 0.25 to 1.25%. Arginine requirement by growing chicks could be slightly below the 1.0% level. Arginine deficiency did not decrease the metabolizability. In the second experiment, supplementation of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0% arginine to the control80 Japan. Poultry Sci., 21 (2), 1984diet (1.0% arginine) did not significantly decrease body weight gain, feed intake, energy retention or GEE.The relation of energy retention with metabolizable energy intake was investigated with regression analysis. The regression equation indicates that the energy retention increase with increase in ME intake.

Super-precision cylindrical machining

Abstract: A study has been made of the theory and techniques of turning precise circular components. The possibility of such high accuracy cylindrical machining was analysed according to the principle of making a precise circle. In the study, a form of chucking-type preciison cylindrical machining was developed by combining an insensitive vibration cutting mechanism - using a main spindle system which features an air bearing - with superposition superfinishing. In the first process, the work is chucked on the main spindle and machined using a continuously and systematically pulsating cutting force. In the second process, the work is finished by a newly developed superposition superfinishing device which features equivalent grades of ultrasonic vibration stone. Key points of the techniques are a torsional vibration mode tool for producing accurate, high amplitude vibration of the cutting point, and a contrivance for making accurate movements of the superposition superfinishing device. Machined roundness of 0.1–0.2 μm and surface roughness of 0.03–0.09 μm R max were obtained with plain carbon steels, stainless steels and hardened steels (HRC 41, 53, 60). It is considered that turning to roundness ≈ 0 , cylindricity ≈ 0 and surface roughness ≈ 0 can be realized by means of this new machining process and its lathe.

Different Response between Indica and Japonica Rice Varieties to Nitrogen Fertilizer as Expressed by Physiological and Morphological Characters

Abstract: Japonica varieties showed higher increasing rate with increasing supply of nitrogen in soluble and fraction 1 protein contents, photosynthetic activity and ratio of photosynthesis to respiration than indica varieties, resulting in higher efficiency of dry matter production in the former than in the latter . The relatively high efficiency of japonica varieties favored reproductive growth phases, such as effective tiller percent, yielding capacity-number of spikelets and fertilization, rather than vegetative growth, such as plant weight and expansion of leaf area, and resulted in distributing more dry matter into grains. Indica varieties behaved adversely and the increase of their grain weight was relatively low .

Method for imaging nuclear magnetic resonance signals by using non-linear magnetic field gradient

Abstract: The phase of nuclear magnetization in a target placed in a homogeneous magnetic field and excited by a high-frequency magnetic field is encoded by applying a specifying magnetic field with a non-linear gradient thereto, and the specifying magnetic field is scanned across the target, and the encoded NMR signals are received and processed so as to produce an image of the distribution of nuclear magnetic substance in the target.

Family history of Japanese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Different implications of diabetes in parents and in siblings.

Abstract: The family history of diabetes in parents and siblings was analyzed in relation to the age of onset and previous obesity in patients with non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The frequency of a positive family history of diabetes in parents was higher in patients with the onset of diabetes earlier than 40 years of age than in those who developed diabetes after 50 years of age (32% vs 12%, p<0.001). The frequency of a positive family history in siblings was about 20% and fairly constant in patients who became diabetic after 30 years. The prevalence of diabetes in siblings was higher in patients with diabetic parents than in those without diabetic parents (p<0.001). The higher frequency of diabetes in parents of young-onset patients remained significant even in a comparison of patient groups of similar ages (50-59 years) at the interview. Patients with definite obesity in the past had a significantly lower frequency of family history of diabetes in parents (p<0.001), and a lower prevalence of diabetes in their parents (p<0.001) and siblings (p<0.05) than did patients without obesity. The frequency of patients who had diabetic siblings did not differ between obese and lean groups. These data suggest that implications of the presence of diabetes in parents and in siblings are different in family history studies. The higher frequency of a family history of diabetes in parents of young-onset and non-obese NIDDM patients may mean that exogenous diabetogenic factors such as obesity and aging are less important in the occurrence of diabetes in those who have diabetic parents than in those without diabetic parents.

Sand movement due to wave-current combined motion.

Abstract: An empirical formula is derived for the sand ripple geometry produced by waves and current, by using laboratory data collected by various researchers and present authors. Field data obtaine...

X-ray absorption spectra and electronic structures of post-transition-metal intercalates of TiS 2 and NbS 2

Abstract: The intercalation compounds of the post-transition-metals Cu, Sn, and Zn with ${\mathrm{TiS}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{NbS}}_{2}$ have been prepared, and their x-ray absorption spectra have been measured together with those of the host materials. It has been found from the S $K$ absorption spectra of ${M}_{x}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ ($M=\mathrm{C}\mathrm{u},\mathrm{S}\mathrm{n},\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{n}$) that the Ti $3d$ ${t}_{2g}\ensuremath{-}{e}_{g}$ band splitting decreases upon intercalation and the higher-energy $\mathrm{sp}$ band is broadened, the low-energy tail extending to overlap the metal $d$ bands. For ${M}_{x}\mathrm{Nb}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ ($M=\mathrm{C}\mathrm{u},\mathrm{S}\mathrm{n}$), the shoulder structure near the Nb ${L}_{\mathrm{III}}$ absorption edge vanishes with intercalation, and the peak position is shifted to lower energies by 0.3 eV. The intercalation effects for the most part do not depend on the intercalated species, the positions of the inserted atoms, and the crystal structures. They are explained in terms of the simple charge-transfer rigid-band model, excluding the small changes such as the smaller energy dispersion of metal $d$ bands and the increased overlap of the metal $d$ and the higher-energy $\mathrm{sp}$ bands.

Optical method of measuring angular displacement when the axis of rotation inclines.

Abstract: An optical method is studied which permits one to measure the angular displacement using a pair of 2-D position sensitive detectors (PSD) and a microcomputer, even if the axis of rotation inclines. From the coordinates of two light spots imaged on the PSD, which are reflected with small double mirrors pasted on the object, the angular displacement and inclination are obtained. According to the experimental results and the spherical trigonometric estimation, it is possible to measure the angle in reciprocal movement of ~200 Hz, and to speed up the procedure tenfold.

Characteristics of pitch period and amplitude perturbation quotients for the detection of glottic cancer

Abstract: In an attempt to detect glottic cancer patients by voice information, this paper discusses the properties of the perturbation quotient defined on the pitch period and the amplitude sequences obtained from the outertracheal vibration in the sustained utterance of a vowel. Examinations were made for 42 glottic cancer patients and 39 aged normals. As a result, the following observations were made: (1)the glottic cancer patients beyond T2 in T-classification can fairly accurately be detected. (2)Applying the linear discriminant function to the perturbation quotients, the discrimination score between the glottic cancer and the normal is almost equal to that of a specially trained laryngologist, who listened to the same sample voices and determined the existence of hoarseness. (3)the perturbation quotient is almost independent of the age of a speaker and the kind of vowels spoken. This paper describes a new algorithm to estimate accurately the pitch period and the amplitude sequences, as well as the evaluation of the discriminating capability of the perturbation quotients, taking into consideration the variations within the same speaker.

Metabolism of Arginine, Proline and Glutamic Acid in Growing Rats at Various Dietary Protein Levels

Abstract: Themetabolic fates of the carbonskeletons of L-(U-14C)arginine, proline and glutamic acid were investigated in growing rats fed with diets containing different percentages of protein calories (0, 5, 10, 15 and 30 PC%) at 4100 kcal ofmetabolizable energy per kg of diet. The incorporation of 14C into body protein at 12hr after the injection of 14C-arginine was more than 50% of the dose in all dietary groups, showing a high efficiency of utilization of this amino acid for protein synthesis. The incorporation of 14C into body protein from 14C-proline was most increased in the 15 PC%group, and the values were reduced in rats fed with lower and higher PC%diets. The carbon skeleton of 14C-glutamic acid was extensively oxidized to expired carbon dioxide, and the 14C incorporation into body protein was markedly less. The pattern of expired 14CO2production from each 14C-amino acid was in inverse proportion to that of 14C incorporation into body protein. The results indicate that the metabolic responses of arginine, proline and glutamic acid to dietary protein change at 10 to 15 PC%, where the growth rate reached its approximatemaximum.

Synthesis and Herbicidal Activity of 6-Phenyl-5-Propylamino-2-Pyrazinecarbonitriles and Related Compounds

Abstract: 6-Phenyl- and 5-phenyl-2-pyrazinecarbonitriles with or without a propylamino group at the 3-, 5- or 6-position of the pyrazine ring were prepared together with some related compounds from the corresponding 2,3-pyrazinedicarbonitriles. Their herbicidal activities against barnyardgrass and broadleaf weeds were examined in pot tests. The 6-phenyl-2-pyrazinecarbonitriles were relatively potent compared with the 5-phenyl derivatives. Moreover, the presence of a propylamino group at the 5-position of the 6-phenyl-2-pyrazinecarbonitriles was closely related to an increase in activity.

Chandes of Cation Contents and Solubilities of Pectic Substances during Brining of Various Vegetables

Abstract: 野菜類(葉菜類,根菜類,果菜類)のペクチンの溶解性と無機金属含量が塩漬けによってどのような変化をするかについて検討するとともにそれらの関係について考察した。(1) アルコール不溶物(AIS)中のペクチンは塩漬けによって水溶性ペクチン画分と熱水可溶性ペクチン画分が増加した。(2) アルコール不溶物中の無機金属元素は塩漬けによってCa, Mg, Kが減少しNaが増加した。(3) 以上の結果から野菜類は塩漬けによって水溶性及び熱水可溶性ペクチン画分の増加することが明らかになった。そして,そのことは塩化ナトリウムのNaとペクチンの多価陽イオンとの間のイオン交換反応に依存すると考えた。

Optical method of measuring angular displacement using two photodiode arrays.

Abstract: A method of measuring angular displacement is investigated that uses two pairs of photodiode arrays arranged in a square and crossed linear images produced with two cylindrical mirrors. According to this method the measurement error can be greatly reduced even when inclination of the rotation axis exists.

Phytotoxic Activity of N-Benzylbenzenesulfonamides

Abstract: A series of N-benzylbenzenesulfonamides were synthesized and their biological activities were tested. Among these compounds, N-(2,3-epoxypropyl)-N-(α-methylbenzyl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives were found to be the most active against barnyardgrass and to have physiological selectivity between barnyardgrass and rice plants.

A study on the teaching methods advocated by W. T. Gallwey

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to be critical consideration of “the inner game theory” advocated by W. T. Gallwey and to be of help toward teaching methods from now.The inner game theory focused on the inside of sport participant and introduced the ways of Oriental meditation into the one of concentration in sport. Three problems from his theory were selected. That is, (1) exclusion of affection, (2) automatical moving potential, and (3) ways of concentration. These were examined from points of Neurophysiology, Sport Psychology, Neuropsychology, Bewegungslehre, Yoga, Buddism and so on.The present author concluded as follows:As the exclusion of affection needs the control of the autonomic nervous system, it is possible that the ways of Oriental meditation are available. But it is doubt that his ways of concentration are effective certainly so that the common ways of the active meditation repeat fixed actions. Though his theory leaves room for doubt, he gives us the important suggestion which fuses between modern Western and Oriental ideas.