Utsunomiya University

About: Utsunomiya University is a education organization based out in Utsunomiya, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Holography. The organization has 4139 authors who have published 6812 publications receiving 91975 citations. The organization is also known as: Utsunomiya daigaku.

Study on improving the trajectory to elevate the surface quality of plane magnetic abrasive finishing

Abstract: This paper aims to improve the surface integrity and surface homogeneity with various trajectories by a newly self-designed experiment device. In the experiments, three kinds of polishing trajectories were studied with attached revolution motion to magnetic abrasive brush (MAB) based on conventional magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) process. The surface roughness, the cross-sectional shape, and the 3D micro-morphology were chosen as the response variables to explore the feasibility and benefits of the proposed improving polishing method. The results show that the plane homogeneity and surface quality improved in varying degrees after improving the polishing trajectory. In addition, combining MAF theory to analyze related reasons, the trajectory expression of the magnetic abrasive particles (MAPs) was established and was simulated by Graph software. The theoretical analysis is consistent with the experimental results which indicated that analysis of polishing trajectory can be used to predict polishing results. Thus, it is feasible to plan polishing trajectory reasonable according to workpiece profile and surface quality requirements.

Power assist control for slide doors using an ideal door model

Abstract: A power assist system for automobile slide doors that can provide comfortable operational feelings has been developed. The system incorporates a reference door model having preferable operational feelings. In order to follow virtual motion of the ideal door, both feedforward- and feedback-controllers are employed to drive a power assisting motor. Simulations and experiments have proved that the motion of the actual door corresponds well with that of the ideal door.

Male sterility in alloplasmic Brassica rapa L. carrying Eruca sativa cytoplasm

Abstract: For the development of a new cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system in Brassica rapa (2n= 20, AA), intergeneric hybridization was performed in Eruca sativa (2n= 22, EE)×B. rapa. The original amphihaploid F1 plant (2n= 21, EA) generated via embryo rescue produced a sesquidiploid F1 plant (2n= 31, EAA), from which the alloplasmic F3 plants were generated. In F3, some progenies with malformed anthers were maintained as male-sterile lines up to the F5 generation. In the F6 and F7 generations, the alloplasmic male-sterile plants were bred by backcrossing to several B. rapa genotypes and were then classified into the three distinctive types: petaloid, antherless and brown anther, in addition to three intermediate types between them. By southern blot analysis, each plant of the petaloid and antherless types was shown to carry the cytoplasm genome of E. sativa. These male-sterile plants produced as many viable seeds as the corresponding male-fertile plants, although their nectary gland development was minimal. Consequently, CMS lines of the petaloid and antherless types with enhanced seed fertility and nectary gland development could provide promising plant materials for F1 seed production in B. rapa.

Effects of land use change on turnover and storage of soil organic matter in a tropical forest

Abstract: Land-use change of tropical forests causes loss of soil organic matter and plant productivity. Effects of fallow or plantation vegetation on soil organic matter storage need to be clarified to optimize land-use that maximizes soil organic matter storage and plant productivity. We compared 30-year changes in soil carbon stocks and litter decomposition under different land-uses (primary dipterocarp forest, Macaranga forest, Imperata grassland, transition of Imperata grassland to Acacia plantation, transition of Imperata grassland to oil palm plantation) in Indonesia. The Imperata grassland maximizes soil carbon stocks for up to 10 years due to considerable root litter inputs, but additional organic matter storage is limited over the following 20 years, due to high grass litter decomposability in the less acidified soil. The conversion of Imperata grassland to oil palm plantation causes greatest loss of soil organic matter, whereas Acacia plantation on Imperata grassland or the Macaranga forest maximizes soil carbon stocks due to input of recalcitrant forest litters and reduced microbial activities in the acidified soils. Farmers could adopt short-term ( 10 years) fallow under Acacia plantation on Imperata grassland or Macaranga regeneration forest to maximize soil organic matter storage. The optimum and feasible land-use strategies should be selected based on the length of fallow period and the original acidity of soil.

3-D interpretation of single line drawings based on entropy minimization principle

Abstract: The human visual system can interpret two-dimensional (2-D) line drawings like the Necker cube as three-dimensional (3-D) wire frames On this human ability Thomas Marill presented two important papers First one proposed the 3-D interpretation model based on the principle to minimize the standard deviation of the angles between line segments in 3-D wire frame (MSDA), and reported the results of simulation experiments Second one proposed the principle to minimize the description length on the internal representation in visual system Motivated by Marill's principle to minimize the description length, we propose a principle to minimize the entropy of angle distribution between line segments in a 3-D wire frame (MEAD), which is more general than the MSDA one And we implement the principle MEAD using a genetic algorithm (GA) as a simulation program The results of simulation experiments show that the proposed principle of MEAD is more appropriate than the MSDA and another principle