Utsunomiya University

About: Utsunomiya University is a education organization based out in Utsunomiya, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Holography. The organization has 4139 authors who have published 6812 publications receiving 91975 citations. The organization is also known as: Utsunomiya daigaku.

Measurement of charm production in neutrino charged-current interactions

Abstract: The nuclear emulsion target of the CHORUS detector was exposed to the wide-band neutrino beam of the CERN SPS of 27 GeV average neutrino energy from 1994 to 1997. In total, about 100 000 charged-current (CC) neutrino interactions with at least one identified muon were located in the emulsion target and fully reconstructed, using newly developed automated scanning systems. Charmed particles were searched for by a program recognizing particle decays. The observation of the decay in nuclear emulsion makes it possible to select a sample with very low background and minimal kinematical bias. In all, 2013 CC interactions with a charmed hadron candidate in the final state were selected and confirmed through visual inspection. The charm production rate induced by neutrinos relative to the CC cross-section is measured to be σ(νμN→μ−CX)/σ(CC)=(5.75 ± 0.32(stat)±0.30(syst))%. The charm production cross-section as a function of neutrino energy is also obtained. The results are in good agreement with previous measurements. The charm-quark hadronization produces the following charmed hadrons with relative fractions (in %): fD0=43.7±4.5, fΛc+=19.2±4.2, fD+=25.3±4.2 and fDs+=11.8±4.7.

Photoelectrochemical Properties of Polycrystalline TiO2 Doped with 3d Transition Metals

Abstract: The photoelectrochemical properties of the polycrystalline doped with 3d transition metals (Cr, Mn, V, Cu, Ni, and Zn) have been investigated. The electrodes doped with Cr, Mn, V, and Cu show the visible light photoresponses. It is concluded that the visible light photoresponse is based on the impurity band formed near the π* conduction band of the in energy position, in analogy with the Co‐doped electrode reported previously. The cathodic photocurrent of the reduction was also observed for the doped and undoped electrodes. From the good agreement of the spectral dependences of the anodic and cathodic photocurrents, it is judged that both type photocurrents are brought about by the same photoexcitation process. The observed large cathodic photocurrents for the electrodes that give the visible light photoresponse are attributable to the d‐orbitals of the doped metal as the active site, by which the impurity band is formed in the bulk. A mechanism for the photosynthesis is also suggested from the simultaneous appearance of the photo‐oxidation and photoreduction currents on an electrode.

Membrane vesicle formation is associated with pyocin production under denitrifying conditions in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

Abstract: Summary Many Gram-negative bacteria produce membrane vesicles (MVs) that serve as vehicles to mediate intraspecies and interspecies interactions. Despite their ubiquity in Gram-negative bacteria and their biological importance, how MV formation is regulated is poorly understood. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous bacterium that is one of the most extensively studied model organism in MVs. Recent studies highlight the importance of a quorum-sensing signal, Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS), in the formation of MVs; however, PQS synthesis requires oxygen and is not produced under anoxic conditions. This situation leads to the question of MV production under anoxic conditions. Here, we examined whether MVs are produced under denitrifying conditions and what kind of factors are involved in the MV production under such condition. Under denitrifying condition, P. aeruginosa PAO1 produced a considerable amount of MVs. Interestingly, pyocin components were found to be accumulated in the isolated MVs. Pyocin-related protein mutants produced less MVs compared with the wild type. We further indicate that pyocin production is activated by nitric oxide, in which the SOS response is involved. This study presents a regulatory mechanism where pyocin is associated with MV production, and further implies how the environment impacts MV production in P. aeruginosa.

Rapid suppression of protein degradation in skeletal muscle after oral feeding of leucine in rats.

Abstract: A diet containing adequate amounts of protein rapidly suppresses myofibrillar protein degradation in rats and mice. This study determined whether dietary amino acids inhibit postprandial protein degradation in rat skeletal muscle. When rats fed on a 20% casein diet for 1 h after 18 h starvation, the rate of myofibrillar protein degradation measured by N τ -methylhistidine release from the isolated extensor digitorum longus muscle was significantly ( p p p p

Preparation of high performance foamed concrete from cement, sand and mineral admixtures

Abstract: The titled high performance foamed concrete was developed from Portland cement, ultra fine granulated blast-furnace slag, pulverized fly ash and condensed silica fume by means of pre-foaming process. The resultant foamed concrete presents its thermal conductivity of about 0.16–0.75 W/(m · °C) and 28 d compressive strength of about 1.1–23.7 MPa when its mix proportion varies in the range of cement content 280 kg–650 kg/m3, fly ash 42–97 kg/m3, slag 64–146 kg/m3, silica fume 34–78 kg/m3, and sand 0–920 kg/m3. The compressive strength of the foamed concrete with oven dried bulk density of 1500 kg/m3 in appropriate mix proportion and with small amount of superplasticizer reached as high as 44.1 MPa. Meanwhile, the fresh foamed concrete behaves like an excellent flow-ability, therefore, is especially suitable for the application in case of massive foamed concrete casting in situ and in the case of filling casting into large volume underground irregular voids, except for pre-casting of building components like blocks, bricks, and wall panels.