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Institution

Vanderbilt University

EducationNashville, Tennessee, United States
About: Vanderbilt University is a education organization based out in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 45066 authors who have published 106528 publications receiving 5435039 citations. The organization is also known as: Vandy.


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Journal ArticleDOI
27 Mar 2020
TL;DR: The prevalence of ASD varied considerably across sites and was higher than previous estimates since 2014, highlighting the variability in the evaluation and detection of ASD across communities and between sociodemographic groups.
Abstract: Problem/condition Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Period covered 2016. Description of system The Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network is an active surveillance program that provides estimates of the prevalence of ASD among children aged 8 years whose parents or guardians live in 11 ADDM Network sites in the United States (Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Wisconsin). Surveillance is conducted in two phases. The first phase involves review and abstraction of comprehensive evaluations that were completed by medical and educational service providers in the community. In the second phase, experienced clinicians who systematically review all abstracted information determine ASD case status. The case definition is based on ASD criteria described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Results For 2016, across all 11 sites, ASD prevalence was 18.5 per 1,000 (one in 54) children aged 8 years, and ASD was 4.3 times as prevalent among boys as among girls. ASD prevalence varied by site, ranging from 13.1 (Colorado) to 31.4 (New Jersey). Prevalence estimates were approximately identical for non-Hispanic white (white), non-Hispanic black (black), and Asian/Pacific Islander children (18.5, 18.3, and 17.9, respectively) but lower for Hispanic children (15.4). Among children with ASD for whom data on intellectual or cognitive functioning were available, 33% were classified as having intellectual disability (intelligence quotient [IQ] ≤70); this percentage was higher among girls than boys (39% versus 32%) and among black and Hispanic than white children (47%, 36%, and 27%, respectively) [corrected]. Black children with ASD were less likely to have a first evaluation by age 36 months than were white children with ASD (40% versus 45%). The overall median age at earliest known ASD diagnosis (51 months) was similar by sex and racial and ethnic groups; however, black children with IQ ≤70 had a later median age at ASD diagnosis than white children with IQ ≤70 (48 months versus 42 months). Interpretation The prevalence of ASD varied considerably across sites and was higher than previous estimates since 2014. Although no overall difference in ASD prevalence between black and white children aged 8 years was observed, the disparities for black children persisted in early evaluation and diagnosis of ASD. Hispanic children also continue to be identified as having ASD less frequently than white or black children. Public health action These findings highlight the variability in the evaluation and detection of ASD across communities and between sociodemographic groups. Continued efforts are needed for early and equitable identification of ASD and timely enrollment in services.

2,613 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) as discussed by the authors will search for planets transiting bright and nearby stars using four wide-field optical charge-coupled device cameras to monitor at least 200,000 main-sequence dwarf stars.
Abstract: The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will search for planets transiting bright and nearby stars. TESS has been selected by NASA for launch in 2017 as an Astrophysics Explorer mission. The spacecraft will be placed into a highly elliptical 13.7-day orbit around the Earth. During its 2-year mission, TESS will employ four wide-field optical charge-coupled device cameras to monitor at least 200,000 main-sequence dwarf stars with I C ≈4−13 for temporary drops in brightness caused by planetary transits. Each star will be observed for an interval ranging from 1 month to 1 year, depending mainly on the star’s ecliptic latitude. The longest observing intervals will be for stars near the ecliptic poles, which are the optimal locations for follow-up observations with the James Webb Space Telescope. Brightness measurements of preselected target stars will be recorded every 2 min, and full frame images will be recorded every 30 min. TESS stars will be 10 to 100 times brighter than those surveyed by the pioneering Kepler mission. This will make TESS planets easier to characterize with follow-up observations. TESS is expected to find more than a thousand planets smaller than Neptune, including dozens that are comparable in size to the Earth. Public data releases will occur every 4 months, inviting immediate community-wide efforts to study the new planets. The TESS legacy will be a catalog of the nearest and brightest stars hosting transiting planets, which will endure as highly favorable targets for detailed investigations.

2,604 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
K. Adcox1, S. S. Adler2, Serguei Afanasiev3, Christine Angela Aidala4  +550 moreInstitutions (48)
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) were examined with an emphasis on implications for the formation of a new state of dense matter.

2,572 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a Monte Carlo sampler (The Joker) is used to perform a search for companions to 96,231 red-giant stars observed in the APOGEE survey (DR14) with $ ≥ 3$ spectroscopic epochs.
Abstract: Multi-epoch radial velocity measurements of stars can be used to identify stellar, sub-stellar, and planetary-mass companions. Even a small number of observation epochs can be informative about companions, though there can be multiple qualitatively different orbital solutions that fit the data. We have custom-built a Monte Carlo sampler (The Joker) that delivers reliable (and often highly multi-modal) posterior samplings for companion orbital parameters given sparse radial-velocity data. Here we use The Joker to perform a search for companions to 96,231 red-giant stars observed in the APOGEE survey (DR14) with $\\geq 3$ spectroscopic epochs. We select stars with probable companions by making a cut on our posterior belief about the amplitude of the stellar radial-velocity variation induced by the orbit. We provide (1) a catalog of 320 companions for which the stellar companion properties can be confidently determined, (2) a catalog of 4,898 stars that likely have companions, but would require more observations to uniquely determine the orbital properties, and (3) posterior samplings for the full orbital parameters for all stars in the parent sample. We show the characteristics of systems with confidently determined companion properties and highlight interesting systems with candidate compact object companions.

2,564 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mRNA-1273 vaccine induced anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in all participants, and no trial-limiting safety concerns were identified, which support further development of this vaccine.
Abstract: Background The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in late 2019 and spread globally, prompting an international effort to accelerate development of a vacci...

2,556 citations


Authors

Showing all 45403 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Walter C. Willett3342399413322
Meir J. Stampfer2771414283776
John Q. Trojanowski2261467213948
Robert M. Califf1961561167961
Matthew Meyerson194553243726
Scott M. Grundy187841231821
Tony Hunter175593124726
David R. Jacobs1651262113892
Donald E. Ingber164610100682
L. Joseph Melton16153197861
Ralph A. DeFronzo160759132993
David W. Bates1591239116698
Charles N. Serhan15872884810
David Cella1561258106402
Jay Hauser1552145132683
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023141
2022540
20215,134
20205,232
20194,883
20184,649