Institution
Vanderbilt University
Education•Nashville, Tennessee, United States•
About: Vanderbilt University is a education organization based out in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 45066 authors who have published 106528 publications receiving 5435039 citations. The organization is also known as: Vandy.
Topics: Population, Cancer, Poison control, Breast cancer, Receptor
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: It is found that ensemble fMRI signals in early visual areas could reliably predict on individual trials which of eight stimulus orientations the subject was seeing, when subjects had to attend to one of two overlapping orthogonal gratings.
Abstract: The potential for human neuroimaging to read out the detailed contents of a person's mental state has yet to be fully explored. We investigated whether the perception of edge orientation, a fundamental visual feature, can be decoded from human brain activity measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Using statistical algorithms to classify brain states, we found that ensemble fMRI signals in early visual areas could reliably predict on individual trials which of eight stimulus orientations the subject was seeing. Moreover, when subjects had to attend to one of two overlapping orthogonal gratings, feature-based attention strongly biased ensemble activity toward the attended orientation. These results demonstrate that fMRI activity patterns in early visual areas, including primary visual cortex (V1), contain detailed orientation information that can reliably predict subjective perception. Our approach provides a framework for the readout of fine-tuned representations in the human brain and their subjective contents.
1,843 citations
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Ohio State University1, Vanderbilt University2, Heidelberg University3, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy4, Duke University5, University of Lausanne6, Lehigh University7, McMaster University8, Fox Chase Cancer Center9, University of Texas at Austin10, Nemocnice Na Bulovce11, Bristol-Myers Squibb12
TL;DR: Nivolumab was not associated with significantly longer progression‐free survival than chemotherapy among patients with previously untreated stage IV or recurrent NSCLC with a PD‐L1 expression level of 5% or more.
Abstract: BackgroundNivolumab has been associated with longer overall survival than docetaxel among patients with previously treated non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In an open-label phase 3 trial, we compared first-line nivolumab with chemotherapy in patients with programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)–positive NSCLC. MethodsWe randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, patients with untreated stage IV or recurrent NSCLC and a PD-L1 tumor-expression level of 1% or more to receive nivolumab (administered intravenously at a dose of 3 mg per kilogram of body weight once every 2 weeks) or platinum-based chemotherapy (administered once every 3 weeks for up to six cycles). Patients receiving chemotherapy could cross over to receive nivolumab at the time of disease progression. The primary end point was progression-free survival, as assessed by means of blinded independent central review, among patients with a PD-L1 expression level of 5% or more. ResultsAmong the 423 patients with a PD-L1 expression level of 5% or more, the media...
1,840 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduced multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) as a method for reducing the dimensionality of multilocus information, to improve the identification of polymorphism combinations associated with disease risk.
Abstract: One of the greatest challenges facing human geneticists is the identification and characterization of susceptibility genes for common complex multifactorial human diseases. This challenge is partly due to the limitations of parametric-statistical methods for detection of gene effects that are dependent solely or partially on interactions with other genes and with environmental exposures. We introduce multifactor-dimensionality reduction (MDR) as a method for reducing the dimensionality of multilocus information, to improve the identification of polymorphism combinations associated with disease risk. The MDR method is nonparametric (i.e., no hypothesis about the value of a statistical parameter is made), is model-free (i.e., it assumes no particular inheritance model), and is directly applicable to case-control and discordant-sib-pair studies. Using simulated case-control data, we demonstrate that MDR has reasonable power to identify interactions among two or more loci in relatively small samples. When it was applied to a sporadic breast cancer case-control data set, in the absence of any statistically significant independent main effects, MDR identified a statistically significant high-order interaction among four polymorphisms from three different estrogen-metabolism genes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a four-locus interaction associated with a common complex multifactorial disease.
1,836 citations
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TL;DR: Although myofibroblast-depleted tumors did not respond to gemcitabine, anti-CTLA4 immunotherapy reversed disease acceleration and prolonged animal survival, and underscores the need for caution in targeting carcinoma-associated fibroblasts in PDAC.
1,835 citations
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TL;DR: Results provide direct genetic evidence that BMP-4 is essential for several different processes in early mouse development, beginning with gastrulation and mesoderm formation.
Abstract: Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily of polypeptide signaling molecules, closely related to BMP-2 and to Drosophila decapentaplegic (DPP). To elucidate the role of BMP-4 in mouse development the gene has been inactivated by homologous recombination in ES cells. Homozygous mutant Bmp-4tm1blh embryos die between 6.5 and 9.5 days p.c., with a variable phenotype. Most Bmp-4tm1blh embryos do not proceed beyond the egg cylinder stage, do not express the mesodermal marker T(Brachyury), and show little or no mesodermal differentiation. Some homozygous mutants develop to the head fold or beating heart/early somite stage or beyond. However, they are developmentally retarded and have truncated or disorganized posterior structures and a reduction in extraembryonic mesoderm, including blood islands. These results provide direct genetic evidence that BMP-4 is essential for several different processes in early mouse development, beginning with gastrulation and mesoderm formation. Moreover, in the presumed absence of zygotic ligand, it appears that homozygous mutants can be rescued partially by related proteins or by maternal BMP-4.
1,835 citations
Authors
Showing all 45403 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Robert M. Califf | 196 | 1561 | 167961 |
Matthew Meyerson | 194 | 553 | 243726 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
Tony Hunter | 175 | 593 | 124726 |
David R. Jacobs | 165 | 1262 | 113892 |
Donald E. Ingber | 164 | 610 | 100682 |
L. Joseph Melton | 161 | 531 | 97861 |
Ralph A. DeFronzo | 160 | 759 | 132993 |
David W. Bates | 159 | 1239 | 116698 |
Charles N. Serhan | 158 | 728 | 84810 |
David Cella | 156 | 1258 | 106402 |
Jay Hauser | 155 | 2145 | 132683 |