Voronezh State University

About: Voronezh State University is a education organization based out in Voronezh, Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Silicon & Sorption. The organization has 5166 authors who have published 6097 publications receiving 31680 citations. The organization is also known as: VSU & Voronezh University.

Ultrastable Optical Clock with Neutral Atoms in an Engineered Light Shift Trap

Abstract: An ultrastable optical clock based on neutral atoms trapped in an optical lattice is proposed. Complete control over the light shift is achieved by employing the $5{s}^{2}\text{ }^{1}S_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5s5p\text{ }^{3}P_{0}$ transition of $^{87}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{r}$ atoms as a ``clock transition.'' Calculations of ac multipole polarizabilities and dipole hyperpolarizabilities for the clock transition indicate that the contribution of the higher-order light shifts can be reduced to less than 1 mHz, allowing for a projected accuracy of better than ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}17}$.

Energy detection of a signal with random amplitude

Abstract: Urkowitz (1967) has discussed the detection of a deterministic signal of unknown structure in the presence of band-limited Gaussian noise. That analysis is developed to the case of a signal with random (Rayleigh, Rice, Nakagami, and other) amplitude. For such amplitude the distribution of a decision statistic of an energy detector is retrieved and expressions for detection probability are obtained.

Amaranth oil application for coronary heart disease and hypertension.

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the Nation's leading killer for both men and women among all racial and ethnic groups. Development and progression of CVD is linked to the presence of risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. It is known that cholesterol is an indicator of increased risk of heart attack and stroke. Low-density cholesterol (LDL) above 130 mg/dl high-density cholesterol (HDL) cholesterol below 35 mg/dl and total blood cholesterol above 200 mg/dl are indicators of problematic cholesterol. Proper ranges of cholesterol are important in the prevention of CVD. It has been suggested that a reduction in the consumption of saturated and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids is beneficial and prevents CVD. Amaranth grain contains tocotrienols and squalene compounds, which are known to affect cholesterol biosynthesis. The cholesterol precursors squalene, lanosterol and other methyl sterols, reflect cholesterol synthesis [1–3], whereas plant sterols and cholestanol, a metabolite of cholesterol, reflect the efficiency of cholesterol absorption in normal and hyperlipidemic populations [4–6]. Qureshi with co-authors [7] showed that feeding of chickens with amaranth oil decreases blood cholesterol levels, which are supported by the work of others [8]. Previously, we have shown that Amaranth oil modulates the cell membrane fluidity [9] and stabilized membranes that could be one reason as to why it is beneficial to those who consume it. It is known that in hypertension, the cell membrane is defective and hence, the movement of the Na and K ions across the cell membranes could defective that could contribute to the development of increase in blood pressure. Based on these properties of amaranth oil we hypothesize that it could be of significant benefit for patients with CVD.

Regulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis as a Way for Active Longevity: Interaction Between the Nrf2 and PGC-1α Signaling Pathways

Abstract: Aging is a general degenerative process related to deterioration of cell functions in the entire organism. Mitochondria, which play a key role in energy homeostasis and metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), require the lifetime control and constant renewal. This explains recently peaked interest in the processes of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy. The principal event of mitochondrial metabolism is regulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transcription and translation, which is a complex coordinated process that involves at least two systems of transcription factors. It is commonly believed that its major regulatory protein is PGC-1α, that acts as a key factor connecting several regulator cascades involved in the control of mitochondrial metabolism. In recent years, the number of publications on the essential role of Nrf2/ARE signaling in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis has grown exponentially. Nrf2 is induced by various xenobiotics and antioxidants that oxidize some Nrf2 negative regulators. Thus, ROS, in particular H2O2, were found to be strong Nrf2 activators. At present, there are two major concepts of mitochondrial biogenesis. Some authors suggest direct involvement of Nrf2 in the regulation of this process. Others believe that Nrf2 regulates expression of the antioxidant genes, while the major and only regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis is PGC-1α. Several studies have demonstrated the existence of the regulatory loop involving both PGC-1α and Nrf2. In this review, we summarized recent data on the Nrf2 role in mitochondrial biogenesis and mutual regulation of Nrf2 and PGC-1α as promising targets for drug application and other therapies aimed to increase active longevity.

The Langevin Equation

Abstract: The generalized Langevin equation describes processes in a mechanical system with both deterministic and random forces which have comparable magnitudes (i.e., neither the deterministic nor random part can be neglected) and the random force is a transformed white noise. Examples of such processes are well known in physics. In this chapter, we use integral operators with Riemannian parallel translation in order to study the Langevin equations arising in geometric mechanics. Note that in the case under consideration the trajectories of the process are a.s. smooth. This makes the analysis of such systems technically much simpler than that of the general ones studied in Chap. 4.