Showing papers by "Waseda University published in 1983"
TL;DR: In this paper, it has been confirmed analytically and by simulations that the multiple load flow solutions are likely to appear under the heavy-loaded conditions, and that the individual solutions of the solution pair have different features from each other, from the standpoint of stability, although they are close to each other.
Abstract: There have been observed several voltage instability phenomena in electric power systems where receiving end voltages oscillate remarkably or get much lower than the nominal values. Those phenomena tend to occur in heavy loaded conditions and seem to be related to the multiple load flow solution problem for the following reasons. It has been confirmed analytically and by simulations that the multiple load flow solutions are likely to appear under the heavy-loaded conditions, and that the individual solutions of the solution pair have different features from each other, from the standpoint of stability, although they are close to each other.
377 citations
TL;DR: The time dependence of luminescence in liquid argon and xenon has been studied for electron, δ-particle, and fission-fragment excitation.
Abstract: The time dependence of luminescence in liquid argon and xenon has been studied for electron, $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-particle, and fission-fragment excitation. The lifetimes of low excited molecular states ($^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}_{u}^{+}$ and $^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}_{u}^{+}$) do not depend on the density of excited species while the intensity ratio of $^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}_{u}^{+}$ to $^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}_{u}^{+}$ is found to be larger at higher deposited energy density. The lifetimes obtained for the $^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}_{u}^{+}$ and $^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}_{u}^{+}$ states are 7.0 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.0 nsec and 1.6 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.1 \ensuremath{\mu}sec, respectively, in liquid argon, and 4.3 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.6 and 22.0 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 2.0 nsec, respectively, in liquid xenon. The mechanism of quenching of luminescence at a high density of excited species in liquid argon and xenon is discussed.
301 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a polymer solid electrolyte was prepared from the hybrid of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and lithium perchlorate, which was obtained as films having a thickness of about 0.1 mm and high lithium ionic conductivity.
232 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors showed that organic polar materials with lower viscosity such as N, N -dimethyl formamide or γ-butyrolactone strongly contributed to the improvement of lithium ionic conductivity.
161 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Smith predictor has been used as an effective controller to overcome a dead time in a closed-loop system, but it is shown that if the system is unstable, it cannot be stabilized with a Smith predictor.
Abstract: A Smith predictor has been known as an effective controller to overcome a dead time. If the plant, however, is unstable, the closed-loop system cannot be stabilized with a Smith predictor. In order to stabilize an unstable plant with time delay, we propose a predictive control which is composed of an observer, a predictor and a controller. We refer to the realization of the predictor, and indicate an available type of model for it. In addition, we suggest the possibility that predictive control with a stable approximate model may be applied to an astatic plant.
152 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the electrical conductivity of hybrid films consisting of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), ethylene carbonate (EC), and LiClO4 was investigated.
Abstract: The electrical conductivity of hybrid films consisting of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), ethylene carbonate (EC), and LiClO4 was investigated. In these films, EC and LiClO4 are found to be molecularly dispersed in PAN, forming solid solutions over a wide composition range. The ionic character of the electrical conductivity is demonstrated. The conductivity is not correlated with the content of LiClO4 or of PAN, but primarily with the mole ratio [EC]/[LiClO4] in the films. An increase in the [EC]/[LiClO4] ratio enhances the conductivity. When the ratio is about 2, the conductivity attains 10−4–10−5 S cm−1 at 25°C. This change in conductivity results from a change in carrier mobility. PAN makes the films solid without decreasing the carrier mobility. In the hybrid films, the carrier mobility and the macroscopic viscosity are not related by Walden's rule. The high conductivity is due to regions in the film characterized by a low microscopic viscosity. This is determined by the mole ratio [EC]/[LiClO4] and largely controls the carrier mobility.
124 citations
TL;DR: A new procedure of selecting weighting matrices in linear quadratic optimal control problems (LQ-problems) is proposed, which has merits of an LQ-problem as well as a pole-assignment problem and will be useful for designing a linear feedback system.
106 citations
86 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a hydrogen-bonding type inter-macromolecular complex of poly(methacrylic acid)-poly(ethylene oxide) was used to obtain a conductivity of more than 10 -6 (S/cm) at room temperature.
72 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of adrenal corticoids on the shrinkage of tail segments from Bufo bufo japonicus tadpoles was studied in vitro.
68 citations
TL;DR: Scatchard analysis revealed that 10(-6) M aldosterone and corticosterone increased the maximum binding capacity for T3 by 60 and 41%, respectively, and that the corticoids did not alter the value of the dissociation constant.
TL;DR: In this paper, scale and rotation invariant optical correlation is performed with a combination of the In r - θ coordinate transformation and the conventional optical matched filtering, which is made of the computer generated hologram whose transmission function is derived by the ise of the stationary phase method.
TL;DR: The distribution of immunoreactive thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in the forebrain and hypophysis of Rana catesbeiana was studied by means of specific radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry based on peroxidase-antiperoxidases (PAP) techniques.
Abstract: The distribution of immunoreactive thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in the forebrain and hypophysis of Rana catesbeiana was studied by means of specific radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry based on peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) techniques. A relatively high concentration of immunoassayable TRH is present in the hypothalamus. Immunoreactive TRH cell bodies are found in the anterior part of the preoptic nucleus, the dorsal infundibular nucleus, the nucleus of diagonal band of Broca, and the medial part of the amygdala. Immunoreactive nerve terminals are observed in the neurohypophysis and the external layer of the median eminence, where the terminals are in close contact with the capillary loops of the hypophyseal portal vessels. The possible role of TRH in the frog brain is discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of molecular weight of polymeric solvent on ion conductive behavior in poly(propylene oxide) solution of LiClO 4 was investigated. And the results showed that the effect was independent of the molecular weight.
Abstract: Effect of Molecular Weight of Polymeric Solvent on Ion Conductive Behavior in Poly(propylene oxide) Solution of LiClO 4
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider boundary regulatity and uniqueness for an elliptic equation with gradient constraint and show that the uniqueness of the boundary is not affected by the gradient constraint.
Abstract: (1983). Boundary regulatity and uniqueness for an elliptic equations with gradient constraint. Communications in Partial Differential Equations: Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 317-346.
TL;DR: In this paper, the melting temperature of bound water increases with increasing water content of the component polymers or polymer complexes, and decreases by complex formation, but the solvated state is maintained largely in spite of a drastic decrease in segmental motion of the polymer chains in the polyelectrolyte complexes.
Abstract: Bound water in polymers and polymer complexes was analyzed quantitatively by means of differential scanning calorimetry in a temperature range from −50 to + 20°C. The water molecules were bound to the polymer chains with different strength, as reflected in a shift of the melting temperature. The existence of non-freezing water was also confirmed from the relation between the incorporated water content and the heat of fusion. About 0,3 to 0,6 g of water was revealed to exist as non-freezing water in 1,0 g of the polyelectrolyte complexes. This amount varied with the structure of the polymers investigated. The melting temperature of bound water increases with increasing water content of the component polymers or polymer complexes. The number of bound water molecules per monomeric unit of the polymer is about 3 to 7, and decreases by complex formation. It is speculated from the obtained results that desolvation is accompanied with complex formation, but the solvated state is maintained largely in spite of a drastic decrease in segmental motion of the polymer chains in the polymer complexes.
TL;DR: When the dry sperm of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, were diluted 100 times in artificial sea water at 0°C and at 20°C, they became motile and the levels of ATP and creatine phosphate decreased rapidly, suggesting that phospholipid was hardly metabolized the lower temperature.
Abstract: When the dry sperm of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, were diluted 100 times in artificial sea water at 0°C and at 20°C, they became motile and the levels of ATP and creatine phosphate decreased rapidly. The level of ADP hardly changed, and the AMP level increased after the dilution. After the dilution, the respiratory rate at 2°C was almost one fifth that of 20°C. Both phospholipid and glycogen were used for the energy sources in sea urchin sperm. The level of phospholipid was 10-fold higher than that of glycogen in the dry sperm. The phospholipid level decreased after dilution at 20°C, though the level hardly changed at 0°C, suggesting that phospholipid was hardly metabolized the lower temperature. The level of α -glycerophosphate increased at 20°C after the dilution but did not change at 0°C. The level of glycogen decreased after the dilution, regardless of the temperature. The glycolysis was also activated after the dilution. Of the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the citrate concentration increased at 0°C and the malate concentration also increased at 0°C and especially strongly at 20°C.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the frequency spectrum for a small Ar particle having a relaxed surface layer on the basis of an elastic body approximation, based on which three quantities, the maximum angular momentum and two maximum eigenfrequencies defined for the spheroidal mode and the torsional mode, were introduced to reflect the atomicity of a real lattice structure.
Abstract: On the basis of an elastic body approximation, the frequency spectrum is derived for the small particle having a relaxed surface layer. Three quantities-the maximum angular momentum and two maximum eigenfrequencies defined for the spheroidal mode and the torsional mode-are introduced to reflect the atomicity of a real lattice structure. The calculated frequency spectrum for a small Ar particle is in good agreement with that obtained by the molecular dynamical method. The size dependence of the frequency spectrum shows that the relative importance of the surface modes to the inner modes becomes large as the particle size decreases. The surface relaxation effect changes the peak positions of the frequency spectrum derived for the small particle without a relaxed surface layer. The present treatment is applicable to a small particle having a considerable number of atoms, more than 1000.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of dissolved hydrogen in soft iron and low alloy steel on general corrosion was investigated in acid solutions, and it was suggested that the anomalous behavior is caused by activated internal microdefects in steel formed by hy...
Abstract: The effect of dissolved hydrogen in soft iron and ferritic low alloy steel on general corrosion was investigated in acid solutions. Hydrogen charging was carried out in 1 to 28 MPa hydrogen at 723 K for 57.6 ks. Weight loss of hydrogen charged ferritic steels was markedly greater than that of hydrogen-free ones, and increased with increasing hydrogen content. Plastic deformation of steels increased the dissolved hydrogen content, and the anomalous corrosion increased with cold working ratio. Anodic polarization curves of hydrogen charged soft iron and low alloy steel in 0.5 kmol/m3-H2SO4 solution exhibited an increase of current density in the passive region in agreement with the corrosion data. This anomalous corrosion was partly recovered by dehydrogenation heating at 573 to 1223 K. The anomalous corrosion was dependent on the residual hydrogen content and independent of the structure. It is suggested that the anomalous behavior is caused by activated internal microdefects in steel formed by hy...
TL;DR: From this basic limit secondary limits for the annual intake or exposure for 222Rn, 220Rn and their short-lived daughter mixtures can be derived, taking into account the effective dose factors for these radionuclides given in the previous section.
Abstract: (24) The Commission recommends that the annual limit for the effective dose equivalent of 0.05 Sv for workers should be applied also to miners exposed to radon and its daughters. From this basic limit secondary limits for the annual intake or exposure for 222Rn, 220Rn and their short-lived daughter mixtures can be derived, taking into account the effective dose factors for these radionuclides given in the previous section. (25) The possible range for the setting of occupational intake and exposure limits for 222Rndaughter mixtures in air, resulting from the different dosimetric and weighting concepts (see Figure 2) is graphically presented in Figure 3 as a function of the unattached fraction& of the total potential a energy of the daughter mixture in the inhaled air. The limit resulting from the mean lung dose (MLD) weighting-concept is approximately 1.5-3 times higher than the limit derived from the regional lung dose (RLD) weighting-concept.
TL;DR: In this paper, the α-ThSi 2 type CeSi x (155≤ x ≤ 200) was investigated and the system undergoes a nonmagnetic-magnetic transition at around x =183 Magnetic and thermal properties of the system suggest that this is the first example of a ferromagnetic dense Kondo system.
TL;DR: If the authors can place the maximal eigenvalue of some matrix sufficiently left in the left-hand plane, the system with time-delay can be stabilized by a memoryless feedback.
Abstract: Sufficient conditions for the stabilization by a memoryless feedback of the system with time-delay are derived. The main results are as follows. (1) If we can place the maximal eigenvalue of some matrix sufficiently left in the left-hand plane, the system with time-delay can be stabilized by a memoryless feedback. (2) If a certain dynamical system defined by the original system is minimum phase, then stabilization by a memoryless feedback is possible
TL;DR: In this paper, the optical birefringence and activity of PbTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ were measured in the low-temperature region by using a special x-ray strainmeter and a newly developed polarimeter.
Abstract: Accurate measurements of the lattice parameters and the anisotropy of the optical susceptibilities, i.e., optical birefringence and activity of PbTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ were made in the low-temperature region by using a special x-ray strainmeter and a newly developed polarimeter. It was found that PbTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ undergoes a phase transition at -90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C between ${C}_{4v}$ and ${C}_{2v}$ point groups. This transition is different from the corresponding transition of BaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ in that the transition is of second order and the direction of polarization is unchanged. Lattice and optical anisotropies featuring the ${C}_{2v}$ phase are smaller than those ever found in other perovskite-type crystals.
TL;DR: The thermodynamic properties of MgSiO 3 (1) and Mg 2 SiO 4 (s) at 1873 K were determined to be −(31.5 ± 0.6) kJ·mol −1 and −(56.8 ± 0.6) KJ·molecular −1, respectively, for x = 0.448 to 0.565 as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: In this article, a statistical model of protein conformation with medium-range interactions between theith and (i+k)th residues (k <-4) is presented, and two independent sets of statistical weights (one set for each model) are derived to describe the interactions between 20 amino acid residues for each range of interaction.
Abstract: A statistical mechanical model of protein conformation with medium-range interactions between theith and (i+k)th residues (k<-4) is presented. Two two-state models, an α-helix-coil and an extended-structure-coil model, are formulated using the same form of the partition function, but the two models are applied independently to predict the locations of α-helical, extended, and coil segments; in the relatively few cases (<2%) where the predictions from the two models are in conflict, the prediction is scored as an incorrect one. Two independent sets of statistical weights (one set for each model) are derived to describe the interactions between the 20 amino acid residues for each range of interactionk; they are evaluated by minimizing an objective function so that the probability profiles for the α-helix or extended structure, respectively, in proteins computed from these statistical weights correlate optimally with the experimentally observed native conformations of these proteins. Examination of the resulting statistical weights shows that those for the interactions between hydrophobic residues and between a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic residue have reasonable magnitudes compared to what would be expected from the spatial arrangements of the side chains in the α-helix and the extended structure, and that those for the α-helix-coil model correlate well with experimentally determined values of the Zimm-Bragg parameterss and σ of the helix-coil transition theory. From the point of view of a method to predict the conformational states (i.e., α-helix, extended structure, and coil) of each residue, the statistical weights (as inall empirical prediction schemes) depend very much on the proteins used for the data base, since the presently available set of proteins of known structure is still too small for very high predictability; as a result, the correctness of the prediction is not very good for proteins not included in the data base. However, the correctness of the prediction, at least for the 37 proteins utilized as the data base in this study, is 91% and 87% for the α-helix-coil and the extended-structure-coil models, respectively; further, 79% of all the residues are predicted correctly when both the α-helix-coil and extended-structure-coil models are applied independently.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of temperature on ion conductive behavior in polypropylene oxide (polypropylene) solution of LiClO 4 was investigated and shown to be negligible.
Abstract: Effect of Temperature on Ion Conductive Behavior in Polypropylene oxide) Solution of LiClO 4
TL;DR: The potential dependence of surface-enhanced resonance Roman spectra of meso-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphine (TSPP) in 0.05 M H 2 SO 4 reveals two electrochemical processes at a silver electrode surface as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: On demontre l'equivalence de la methode de quantification stochastique avec the methode of quantification usuelle a tous les ordres de perturbation for des theories de champs scalaires as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: On demontre l'equivalence de la methode de quantification stochastique avec la methode de quantification usuelle a tous les ordres de perturbation pour des theories de champs scalaires
TL;DR: Results indicated that platelet adhesion to the HEMA–DMS block copolymer was influenced by domain morphology rather than HEMA composition of the copolymers, which effectively suppressed shape change and aggregation of adhered platelets.
Abstract: In order to elucidate the interaction between blood platelets and polymer surfaces of microdomain structure, block copolymers consisting of hydrophilic chains of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and hydrophobic chains of dimethylsiloxane (DMS) were synthesized. Films of the HEMA–DMS block copolymers exhibiting hydrophilic–hydrophobic microphase-separated structures were found to enhance platelet adhesion more than homogeneous surfaces of poly(HEMA) or poly(DMS). Platelet adhesion to the block copolymer increased with morphological changes in microdomains so long as the HEMA composition of the block copolymer was 0.90 to 0.58. Platelet adhesion also varied with morphological change in the microdomains caused by changing the casting solvents, though an identical copolymer was employed. These results indicated that platelet adhesion to the HEMA–DMS block copolymer was influenced by domain morphology rather than HEMA composition of the copolymers. In spite of the enhancement of platelet adhesion, the HEMA–DMS block copolymers effectively suppressed shape change and aggregation of adhered platelets. The HEMA–DMS block copolymers were considered to have good antithrombogenecity on the basis of inhibition of activation and aggregation of adhered platelets.