Showing papers by "Waseda University published in 1990"
TL;DR: In this article, single layered polysilicate kanemite (NaHSi2O5·3H2O) was allowed to react with alkyltrimethylammonium chloride solutions to form Alkyl-TRIMethylammium-kanemite complexes.
Abstract: Single layered polysilicate kanemite (NaHSi2O5·3H2O) was allowed to react with alkyltrimethylammonium chloride solutions to form alkyltrimethylammonium–kanemite complexes. During the organic intercalation, the SiO2 layers in the complexes were condensed to form three-dimensional SiO2 networks. The calcined products of the complexes had micro pores 2–4 nm in diameter, and the surface areas were ca. 900 m2g−1. The pore size of the calcined products was altered with the variation in the alkyl-chain length of the alkyltrimethylammonium ions employed.
1,635 citations
TL;DR: A method of obtaining a digital watermark is presented using a well-known predictive coding algorithm and it is shown to what extent the digital signature is safe using simulation results, where two or three illegal actions are considered.
Abstract: With the advance of telematic technology, increasing document image information utilized in the state of soft copy is expected. In these situations, copies of obtained document image information are made illegally with ease, and hence the validity authentication of the information itself and its provider becomes more necessary. Since document image information to be authenticated exists in a form which can be read at an unidentified number of receiver terminals, the realization of an authentication scheme where document image and signature are combined is necessary. This is characteristic of document image information including nature pictures and photographs.
This paper proposes a new concept of signature, which is called “digital watermark” for document image communication. A digital watermark is the coding scheme in which secret information is embedded into a document image similar to a watermark. Image coding schemes already proposed are available to realize a digital watermark. We present a method of obtaining a digital watermark using a well-known predictive coding algorithm. Also, we define a criterion for security and show to what extent the digital signature is safe using simulation results, where two or three illegal actions are considered.
265 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that FliA protein functions as an alternative sigma factor specific for S. typhimurium flagellar operons.
Abstract: Through genetic studies, the fliA gene product has been shown to regulate positively gene expression in late operons of the flagellar regulon in Salmonella typhimurium. In the present study, the fliA gene was cloned and sequenced. The fliA coding region consisted of 717 nucleotides beginning with the GTG initiation codon and the conserved sequence specific to promoters for flagellar operons was found to exist upstream of the coding region. The fliA gene product deduced from the nucleotide sequence was a protein with 239 amino acid residues and the calculated molecular mass was 27,470 dalton. The deduced amino acid sequence was homologous with that of sigma 28, a flagellar specific sigma factor of Bacillus subtilis. The fliA gene product was identified as a protein of molecular mass 29 kDa in the in vitro transcription-translation system, while three proteins of 29 kDa, 31 kDa and 32 kDa were found in the products programmed by the fliA gene in minicells and in maxicells. The 29 kDa FliA protein was purified from the FliA overproducing strain which carried the ptac-fliA fusion. This protein activated the in vitro synthesis of flagellin, the fliC gene product. RNA polymerase containing the purified FliA protein was shown to transcribe the fliC gene. These results indicate that FliA protein functions as an alternative sigma factor specific for S. typhimurium flagellar operons.
261 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a steam reforming of methane was carried out in a reactor incorporating a hydrogen-permeable membrane, which consisted of a thin palladium film supported on a porous glass cylinder.
251 citations
TL;DR: The behavior of isotropic models in the general scalar-tensor theory of gravitation was investigated in this article. And the criterion for inflation to occur in a range of such theories, including that of Brans and Dicke, was derived.
180 citations
TL;DR: Full phonon-dispersion curves of the graphitic layer on some transition-metal carbides were measured by using high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy, indicating that the microscopic structure at the interface determines the charge transfer.
Abstract: Full phonon-dispersion curves of the graphitic layer on some transition-metal carbides were measured by using high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. The graphitic layer on (111) surfaces of TaC, HfC, and TiC showed anomalous softening within the layer, whereas the graphite layer on TaC(001) is similar to bulk graphite. The measured phonon dispersion has been analyzed with a force-constant model, and it has been revealed that the force constants for vertical angle bending and for bond twisting are much weaker in the former case. This is ascribed to the charge transfer into the overlayer from the substrate, resulting in the weakening of the \ensuremath{\pi} bond in graphite. The clear contrast in variations of phonons between the graphitic layer on TaC(111) and that on TaC(001) indicates that the microscopic structure at the interface determines the charge transfer.
175 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an extremely simple cloning template for a cellular neural network (CNN) is presented that is capable of detecting the number of connected components of a vector in (+1, -1)/sup N/
Abstract: An extremely simple cloning template for a cellular neural network (CNN) is presented that is capable of detecting the number of connected components of a vector in (+1, -1)/sup N/. By exploiting this capability, an architecture for a handwritten character recognition system was obtained. A preliminary test result (100 handwritten numbers, 0-9) shows 94-100% correct recognition rates. >
152 citations
03 Jul 1990
TL;DR: This control method is based on the introduction of a new concept called a virtual surface, to consider the ZMP (zero moment point) on an uneven surface, and the main algorithm for computing the trunk motion which compensates for lower-limbs motion and time trajectory of the arbitrarily planned ZMP on the virtual surfaces.
Abstract: The authors introduce a control method for dynamic biped walking stabilized by trunk motion on a sagitally uneven surface, that is for a biped walking robot which has a trunk to stabilize its walking, and its effectiveness as supported by walking experiments using a biped walking robot. This control method is based on the introduction of a new concept called a virtual surface, to consider the ZMP (zero moment point) on an uneven surface, and the main algorithm for computing the trunk motion which compensates for lower-limbs motion and time trajectory of the arbitrarily planned ZMP on the virtual surfaces. Using this control method in a number of experiments, the biped walking robot WL-12RIII (Waseda Leg-12 Refined III) which has a trunk, realized dynamic biped walking on stairs with a step height of 0.1 m and a trapezoidal terrain with an inclination of +or-10 deg. The walking period was 2.6 sec/step on the stairs, and 1.6 sec/step on the trapezoidal terrain. So that, the effectiveness of this control method was experimentally supported. >
149 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that the main protein component of the elastic filaments is alpha-connectin, which was transformed from the alpha to the beta form (from titin 1 to 2, respectively), which gives passive elasticity to the contractile system of skeletal muscle.
Abstract: Muscle needs an elastic framework to maintain its mechanical stability. Removal of thin filaments in rabbit skeletal muscle with plasma gelsolin has revealed the essential features of elastic filaments. The selective removal of thin filaments was confirmed by staining with phalloidin-rhodamine for fluorescence microscopy, examination of arrowhead formation with myosin subfragment 1 by electron microscopy, and analysis by SDS-PAGE. Thin section electron microscopy revealed the elastic fine filaments (approximately 4 nm in diameter) connecting thick filaments and the Z line. After removal of thin filaments, both rigor stiffness and active tension generation were lost, but the resting tension remained. These observations indicate that the thin filament-free fibers maintain a framework composed of the serial connections of thick filaments, the elastic filaments, and the Z line, which gives passive elasticity to the contractile system of skeletal muscle. The resting tension that remained in the thin filament-free fibers was decreased by mild trypsin treatment. The only protein component that was digested in parallel with the decrease in the resting tension and the disappearance of the elastic filaments was alpha-connectin (also called titin 1), which was transformed from the alpha to the beta form (from titin 1 to 2, respectively). Thus, we conclude that the main protein component of the elastic filaments is alpha-connectin (titin 1).
140 citations
03 Jul 1990
TL;DR: The result shows that the WL-12RIII realized a 0.64(s/step) dynamic stepping motion under an unknown external force which was rectangular and acting backward on its waist.
Abstract: The authors introduce a control method for dynamic biped walking under unknown external forces and moments. By using this method, they perform walking experiments of real-time control with the biped walking robot WL-12RIII which has a newly developed real-time controller. The result shows that the WL-12RIII realized a 0.64(s/step) dynamic stepping motion under an unknown external force which was rectangular and acting backward on its waist. The maximum force strength was 100(N) and the time width was 0.3(s). And the validity of this control method and the real-time controller was experimentally supported. >
131 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that the lateral septum exerts not only a facilitatory influence on masculine sexual behavior but also an inhibitory influence on feminine sexual behavior in male rats.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of methyl viologen as an electron acceptor was studied by oxygen polarography and millisecond time range flash photolysis spectroscopy at room temperature on three types of chloroplast preparation deficient in NADP+ photoreduction activity.
TL;DR: In this paper, the real forms of the quantum universal enveloping algebra and a topological quantum group associated with this algebra are discussed, and the topological topology of the group is discussed.
Abstract: Real forms of the quantum universal enveloping algebraU
q
(sl(2)) and a topological quantum group associated with this algebra are discussed.
01 Jun 1990-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: In this article, the number of photons emitted in both liquid argon and xenon was estimated using scintillation data of both liquid and ionized gases, and it was shown that the ideal photon yields are 5.1 × 10 4 photons/MeV.
Abstract: Using recent scintillation data of liquid argon and xenon, the numbers of photons emitted in both liquids have been estimated. The ideal photon yields are 5.1 × 10 4 photons/MeV for liquid argon and 6.8 × 10 4 photons/MeV for liquid xenon. The photon yields due to 1 MeV electrons are 4.0 × 10 4 photons and 4.2 × 10 4 photons for respective liquids. These numbers are almost the same as that of a NaI(Tl) crystal.
TL;DR: A CNN (cellular neural network) template for hole-filling is reported and there are many holes in Japanese characters and the CNN described can be used in addition to a connected-component-detector CNN for Japanese character recognition.
Abstract: A CNN (cellular neural network) template for hole-filling is reported. There are many holes in Japanese characters and the CNN described can be used in addition to a connected-component-detector CNN for Japanese character recognition. It is expected that the hole-filler can probably also be used for other 2-D image recognition problems. >
TL;DR: In this article, the phonon dispersion properties of monolayer graphite on Ni(1) and Ni(001) were measured by using electron energy loss spectroscopy.
TL;DR: La dependance avec l'echantillon, en considerant les especes et les concentrations des defauts photoinduits, est expliquee en termes de transformation des precurseurs pre-existants en defauts paramagnetiques par un processus d'absorption a deux photons.
Abstract: High-purity silicas synthesized by various manufacturing methods were studied by electron-spin resonance after being irradiated by ArF excimer laser (6.4 eV) at room temperature. E' centers (?Si\ensuremath{\cdot}) are induced in all samples, while nonbridging oxygen hole centers (?Si-O\ensuremath{\cdot}) appear only in oxygen-surplus silicas and in a sample which has an absorption band at 5.1 eV. The concentration of E' centers varies from sample to sample, ranging between ${10}^{14}$ and ${10}^{16}$ spins/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$ for the exposure at the average power density of 28 mJ/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ per pulse at 15 Hz for 1 h. The sample dependence regarding the species and concentrations of photoinduced defects is well explained in terms of transformation of preexisting precursors to paramagnetic defects through a two-photon-absorption process.
TL;DR: It is shown that image thinning can be achieved in real-time using a cellular neural network (CNN) with eight planes, each one defined by a set of peeling templates and aSet of stopping templates.
Abstract: The thinning problem requires that two tasks be implemented: (i) peeling the thick pixels off; (ii) stopping the peeling process when the pixel size reduces to exactly one. The first part can be achieved with relative ease. The main difficulty lies in the second part, because the stopping decision must be done automatically. It is shown that image thinning can be achieved in real-time using a cellular neural network (CNN) with eight planes, each one defined by a set of peeling templates and a set of stopping templates. The thinning processor, which is both analog and parallel, is described and examples are shown. >
TL;DR: In this article, a mail survey of Japanese distributors of US products provided data for an examination of how perceptions of influence affect control and conflict in the relationship and found that aggressive influence evoked resistance and conflict, while more subtle influence strategies appeared to reduce conflict.
Abstract: A mail survey of Japanese distributors of US products provided data for an examination of how perceptions of influence affect control and conflict in the relationship Results indicated that aggressive influence evoked resistance and conflict, while more subtle influence strategies appeared to reduce conflict Results suggested that influence, as practiced in western channels, may not be effective in relationship such as these
TL;DR: In this article, an acrylamide monomer was first intercalated by the displacement reaction between a kaolinite-N-methylformamide (NMF) intercaJation compound and a 10% acrylarnide aqueous solution.
Abstract: Acrylamide has been polymerized between the layers of kaolinite by heat treatment. Acrylamide monomer was first intercalated by the displacement reaction between a kaolinite-N-methylformamide (NMF) intercaJation compound and a 10% acrylamide aqueous solution. The resulting intercalation compound showed a basal spacing of 11.3 A. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and '3C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with cross polarization and magic angle spinning ('3C CP/MAS-NMR) indicated the replacement of NMF by acrylamide. IR spectroscopy also showed the formation of hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyls of kaolinite. When the kaolinite-acrylamide intercalation compound was heated at 300"C for 1 hr, the basal spacing increased to 11.4 A, and IR and '3C CP/MAS-NMR showed the disappearance of C----C bonds, indicating the polymerization of acrylamide. The heat-treated kaolinite- acrylamide intercalation compound was resistant to 30 min-washing with water, whereas the untreated kaolinite-acrylamide intercalation compound collapsed after the same treatment, an observation consis- tent with acrylamide polymerization between the layers of kaolinite. IR spectroscopy revealed that poly- acrylamide was hydrogen bonded to kaolinite, but in a manner different from the hydrogen bonding of acrylarnide.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of R3 and R□R terms on the R2 inflationary scenario were analyzed using both direct analysis and conformal techniques, and it was shown that both terms restrict the initial conditions which will lead to a satisfactory inflationary cosmology.
TL;DR: A globally convergent algorithm that is also quadratically convergent for solving bipolar transistor networks is proposed, based on the homotopy method using a rectangular subdivision, which is much more efficient than the conventional simplicial-type algorithms.
Abstract: A globally convergent algorithm that is also quadratically convergent for solving bipolar transistor networks is proposed. The algorithm is based on the homotopy method using a rectangular subdivision. Since the algorithm uses rectangles, it is much more efficient than the conventional simplicial-type algorithms. It is shown that the algorithm is globally convergent for a general class of nonlinear resistive networks. Here, the term globally convergent means that a starting point which leads to the solution can be obtained easily. An efficient acceleration technique which improves the local convergence speed of the rectangular algorithm is proposed. By this technique, the sequence of the approximate solutions generated by the algorithm converges to the exact solution quadratically. Also, in this case the computational work involved in each iteration is almost identical to that of Newton's method. Therefore, the algorithm becomes as efficient as Newton's method when it arrives sufficiently close to the solution. It is also shown that sparse-matrix techniques can be introduced to the rectangular algorithm, and the partial linearity of the system of equations can be exploited to improve the computational efficiency. Some numerical examples are also given in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. >
TL;DR: In this article, a series of unitary representations of the quantum group SU q (1, 1) are introduced and their matrix elements are expressed in terms of the basic hypergeometric functions.
Abstract: Some series of unitary representations of the quantum group SU q (1, 1) are introduced. Their matrix elements are expressed in terms of the basic hypergeometric functions. Operator realization of the coordinate elements of SU q (1, 1) and aq-analogue of some classical identities are discussed.
TL;DR: Hormone levels were lower in torpid toads than in active toads in the breeding season, although the levels were higher than those in the other months, and LH and FSH levels in toads migrating toward a breeding pond were still low or only slightly elevated.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the average transverse momentum and rapidity distributions compared with lower energy ISR data and showed no sizable violation of Feynman scaling in the fragmentation region.
01 Oct 1990
TL;DR: A compilation scheme for parallel processing near fine-grain tasks on a multiprocessor system called OSCAR that allows one to minimize synchronization and data transfer overheads and to optimally use registers of each processor by employing a static scheduling algorithm considering data transfer.
Abstract: This paper proposes a compilation scheme for parallel processing of near fine grain tasks, each of which consists of several instructions or a statement, on a multiprocessor system called OSCAR (Optimally Scheduled Advanced Multiprocessor). The scheme allows us to minimize synchronization and data transfer overheads and to optimally use registers of each processor by using a static scheduling algorithm considering data transfer. This scheme can effectively be combined with macro-dataflow computation and the loop concurrentization. A compiler using the proposed scheme has been implemented on OSCAR, which has been designed to take full advantage of the static scheduling. In this paper, performance evaluation of the scheme on OSCAR is also described.
TL;DR: In this article, an extremely simple cloning template for cellular neural network (CNN) is presented, which is capable of detecting the shadow cast by a two-dimensional image, and it is shown that when the shadow detector is used in addition to the connected component detector (CCD), the recognition rate of handwritten characters increases significantly.
Abstract: A report on an extremely simple cloning template for cellular neural network (CNN) is presented. The template is capable of detecting the shadow cast by a two-dimensional image. The operation of the template is illustrated by an example. It is shown that when the shadow detector is used in addition to the connected-component detector (CCD), the recognition rate of handwritten characters (numerals, alphabets, symbols Japanese characters) increases significantly. This means that the output of the shadow detector contains a valuable feature, not revealed by the output from the CCD alone. >