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Institution

Waseda University

EducationTokyo, Japan
About: Waseda University is a education organization based out in Tokyo, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Large Hadron Collider & Catalysis. The organization has 24220 authors who have published 46859 publications receiving 837855 citations. The organization is also known as: Waseda daigaku & Sōdai.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a near-infrared image of the Herbig Ae star AB Aur was obtained with the Coronagraphic Imager with Adaptive Optics mounted on the Subaru Telescope.
Abstract: We present a near-infrared image of the Herbig Ae star AB Aur obtained with the Coronagraphic Imager with Adaptive Optics mounted on the Subaru Telescope. The image shows a circumstellar emission extending out to a radius of r = 580 AU, with a double spiral structure detected at r = 200-450 AU. The surface brightness decreases as r-3.0±0.1, steeper than the radial profile of the optical emission possibly affected by the scattered light from the envelope surrounding AB Aur. This result, together with the size of the infrared emission similar to that of the 13CO (J = 1-0) disk, suggests that the spiral structure is indeed associated with the circumstellar disk but is not part of the extended envelope. We identified four major spiral arms, which are trailing if the brighter southeastern part of the disk is the near side. The weak gravitational instability, maintained for millions of years by continuous mass supply from the envelope, might explain the presence of the spiral structure at the relatively late phase of the pre-main-sequence period.

218 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Juliette Alimena1, James Baker Beacham2, Martino Borsato3, Yangyang Cheng4  +213 moreInstitutions (105)
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey of the current state of LLP searches at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and chart a path for the development of LLP searches into the future, both in the upcoming Run 3 and at the high-luminosity LHC.
Abstract: Particles beyond the Standard Model (SM) can generically have lifetimes that are long compared to SM particles at the weak scale. When produced at experiments such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, these long-lived particles (LLPs) can decay far from the interaction vertex of the primary proton–proton collision. Such LLP signatures are distinct from those of promptly decaying particles that are targeted by the majority of searches for new physics at the LHC, often requiring customized techniques to identify, for example, significantly displaced decay vertices, tracks with atypical properties, and short track segments. Given their non-standard nature, a comprehensive overview of LLP signatures at the LHC is beneficial to ensure that possible avenues of the discovery of new physics are not overlooked. Here we report on the joint work of a community of theorists and experimentalists with the ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb experiments—as well as those working on dedicated experiments such as MoEDAL, milliQan, MATHUSLA, CODEX-b, and FASER—to survey the current state of LLP searches at the LHC, and to chart a path for the development of LLP searches into the future, both in the upcoming Run 3 and at the high-luminosity LHC. The work is organized around the current and future potential capabilities of LHC experiments to generally discover new LLPs, and takes a signature-based approach to surveying classes of models that give rise to LLPs rather than emphasizing any particular theory motivation. We develop a set of simplified models; assess the coverage of current searches; document known, often unexpected backgrounds; explore the capabilities of proposed detector upgrades; provide recommendations for the presentation of search results; and look towards the newest frontiers, namely high-multiplicity 'dark showers', highlighting opportunities for expanding the LHC reach for these signals.

218 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
A. A. Abdo1, A. A. Abdo2, Markus Ackermann3, Marco Ajello3  +246 moreInstitutions (44)
13 Aug 2010-Science
TL;DR: This work reports the Fermi Large Area Telescope detection of variable gamma-ray emission from the recently detected optical nova of the symbiotic star V407 Cygni and proposes that the material of the nova shell interacts with the dense ambient medium of the red giant primary and that particles can be accelerated effectively to produce pi(0) decay gamma-rays from proton-proton interactions.
Abstract: Novae are thermonuclear explosions on a white dwarf surface fueled by mass accreted from a companion star. Current physical models posit that shocked expanding gas from the nova shell can produce x-ray emission, but emission at higher energies has not been widely expected. Here, we report the Fermi Large Area Telescope detection of variable γ-ray emission (0.1 to 10 billion electron volts) from the recently detected optical nova of the symbiotic star V407 Cygni. We propose that the material of the nova shell interacts with the dense ambient medium of the red giant primary and that particles can be accelerated effectively to produce π0 decay γ-rays from proton-proton interactions. Emission involving inverse Compton scattering of the red giant radiation is also considered and is not ruled out.

218 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that HIF-1α-PDK1-mediated metabolic changes occur in mild hypoxia, where mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity is unimpaired, suggesting a mode of glycolytic reprogramming.
Abstract: In severely hypoxic condition, HIF-1α-mediated induction of Pdk1 was found to regulate glucose oxidation by preventing the entry of pyruvate into the tricarboxylic cycle. Monocyte-derived macrophages, however, encounter a gradual decrease in oxygen availability during its migration process in inflammatory areas. Here we show that HIF-1α-PDK1-mediated metabolic changes occur in mild hypoxia, where mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity is unimpaired, suggesting a mode of glycolytic reprogramming. In primary macrophages, PKM2, a glycolytic enzyme responsible for glycolytic ATP synthesis localizes in filopodia and lammelipodia, where ATP is rapidly consumed during actin remodelling processes. Remarkably, inhibition of glycolytic reprogramming with dichloroacetate significantly impairs macrophage migration in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, inhibition of the macrophage HIF-1α-PDK1 axis suppresses systemic inflammation, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for regulating inflammatory processes. Our findings thus demonstrate that adaptive responses in glucose metabolism contribute to macrophage migratory activity.

218 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The true image area that can be used for recording microscopic objects in hybrid holographic microscopy can be increased by elimination of the conjugate image and the zero-order image, so two shutters and one phase modulator were added to the electro-optical holographic recording system.
Abstract: The true image area that can be used for recording microscopic objects in hybrid holographic microscopy can be increased by elimination of the conjugate image and the zero-order image. We therefore added two shutters and one phase modulator to the electro-optical holographic recording system so that we could change the recording parameters and evaluate four methods of eliminating the conjugate image and the zero-order image. We found that the methods that use only the phase modulator require the recording of fewer holograms than do the methods that use the shutters and also provide reconstructed images that are less noisy.

217 citations


Authors

Showing all 24378 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Yusuke Nakamura1792076160313
Yoshio Bando147123480883
Charles Maguire142119795026
Kazunori Kataoka13890870412
Senta Greene134134690697
Intae Yu134137289870
Kohei Yorita131138991177
Wei Xie128128177097
Susumu Kitagawa12580969594
Leon O. Chua12282471612
Jun Kataoka12160354274
S. Youssef12068365110
Katsuhiko Mikoshiba12086662394
Yusuke Yamauchi117100051685
Teruo Okano11747647081
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202380
2022237
20212,347
20202,467
20192,367
20182,289