Westinghouse Electric

About: Westinghouse Electric is a company organization based out in Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Brake & Circuit breaker. The organization has 27959 authors who have published 38036 publications receiving 523387 citations.

Conducting polymers

Abstract: Several polymers have been synthesized that have the ability to conduct electricity. Several companies and universities are actively investigating these polymers to develop industrially useful products. The authors give an overview of the work performed on conducting polymers and discuss the possible applications of such materials. Attention is given to applications of these materials in such areas as electric power equipment, microelectronics, batteries, and microtools. >

SSSC-static synchronous series compensator: theory, modeling, and application

Abstract: This paper describes the theory and the modelling technique of a flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) device, namely, static synchronnous series compensator (SSSC) using an Electromagnetic Transient Program (EMTP) simulation package. The SSSC, a solid-state voltage source inverter coupled with a transformer, is connected in series with a transmission line. An SSSC injects an almost sinusoidal voltage, of variable magnitude, in series with a transmission line. This injected voltage is almost in quadrature with the line current, thereby emulating an inductive or a capacitive reactance in series with the transmission line. The emulated variable reactance, inserted by the injected voltage source, influences the electric power flow in the transmission line.

Determination of momentum transfer and inelastic collision cross sections for electrons in nitrogen using transport coefficients.

Abstract: Momentum transfer and inelastic collision cross sections for electrons in ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ have been obtained from electron transport coefficients for values of the electron energy between about 0.003 and 30 eV. The recently proposed polarization correction to the rotational excitation cross sections of Gerjuoy and Stein leads to less satisfactory agreement between theory and experiment than do the unmodified cross sections. The cross sections for vibrational excitation are consistent with those of Schulz provided the total cross section is normalized to 5.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ at 2.2 eV. Furthermore, a tail extending down to the threshold of 0.29 eV is postulated for the $v=1$ vibrational level. Electronic excitation is approximated by a set of six effective cross sections which, for the most part, are consistent with previous results. The ionization cross section of Tate and Smith was used. The mean energy of electrons in ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ subjected to high-frequency ac electric fields is found to be a single-valued function of the electric field $E$ divided by the ac radian frequency $\ensuremath{\omega}$, although there are regions of $\frac{E}{\ensuremath{\omega}}$ where the mean energy increases extremely rapidly with $\frac{E}{\ensuremath{\omega}}$.

Momentum-Transfer and Inelastic-Collision Cross Sections for Electrons in O-2, CO, and C O-2

Abstract: Momentum-transfer and inelastic-collision cross sections for electrons in ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, CO, and C${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ are calculated from measured values of the electron drift velocity, characteristic energy, attachment coefficient, and ionization coefficient. The experimental data for ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ are most consistent with vibrational excitation cross sections consisting of a series of resonances located at the vibrational energy levels of the negative ion and having values of cross section times energy half-width of the order of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}18}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ eV. The calculated effective dipole moment for rotational excitation of CO is in very good agreement with values obtained by other techniques. The vibrational excitation cross section for CO at electron energies below 1 eV is in agreement with theoretical predictions. The vibrational excitation cross sections required for consistency with the C${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ data are very large [(2-5) \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$] and include a peak very close to the vibrational threshold of 0.083 eV.