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Institution

Westinghouse Electric

CompanyCranberry Township, Pennsylvania, United States
About: Westinghouse Electric is a company organization based out in Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Brake & Circuit breaker. The organization has 27959 authors who have published 38036 publications receiving 523387 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors modeled erosion and deposition over a barchan dune near the Salton Sea, California, by book-keeping the quantity of sand in saltation following streamlines of transport.
Abstract: Erosion and deposition over a barchan dune near the Salton Sea, California, is modelled by book-keeping the quantity of sand in saltation following streamlines of transport. Field observations of near-surface wind velocity and direction plus supplemental measurements of the velocity distribution over a scale model of the dune are combined as input to Bagnold-type sand-transport formulae corrected for slope effects. A unidirectional wind is assumed. The resulting patterns of erosion and deposition compare closely with those observed in the field and those predicted by the assumption of equilibrium (downwind translation of the dune without change in size or geometry). Discrepancies between the simulated results and the observed or predicted erosional patterns appear to be largely due to natural fluctuation in the wind direction. Although the model includes a provision for a lag in response of the transport rate to downwind changes in applied shear stress, the best results are obtained when no delay is assumed. The shape of barchan dunes is a function of grain size, velocity, degree of saturation of the oncoming flow, and the variability in the direction of the oncoming wind. Smaller grain size or higher wind speed produce a steeper and more blunt stoss-side. Low saturation of the inter-dune sandflow produces open crescent-moon-shaped dunes, whereas high saturation produces a whaleback form with a small slip face. Dunes subject to winds of variable direction are blunter than those under unidirectional winds. The size of barchans could be proportional to natural atmospheric scales, to the age of the dune, or to the upwind roughness. The upwind roughness can be controlled by fixed elements or by the sand is saltation. In the latter case, dune scale may be proportional to wind velocity and inversely proportional to grain size. However, because the effective velocity for transport increases with grain size, dune scale may increase with grain size as observed by Wilson (1972).

152 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electron distribution function for simple examples of a stationary discharge in a dc space charge field is derived for the case of positive columns and microwave discharges in inert gases.
Abstract: Calculations of the electron distribution function are presented for some simple examples of a stationary discharge in a dc space charge field. The treatment is valid when the predominant mechanism of energy exchange arises from motion in the dc space charge field. The computations indicate that the effect of dc space charge is, for a given external field strength, to increase the proportion of high energy electrons over that computed neglecting space charge. This results in a larger specific ionization rate, but the effect is not so great as to account for the low maintenance potentials observed in positive columns and in microwave discharges in inert gases.

152 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the governing equation for the capillarity-induced shape changes of a surface of revolution by surface diffusion is presented, and a numerical solution to this equation is used to analyse finite cylinders with hemispherical ends.
Abstract: The governing equation for the capillarity-induced shape changes of a surface of revolution by surface diffusion, $$\frac{{\partial n}}{{\partial t}} = \frac{B}{y}\frac{\partial }{{\partial s}}\left( {y\frac{{\partial K}}{{\partial s}}} \right)$$ where∂n/∂t is the normal velocity of the surface,y is measured normal to the axis of revolution,s is arc length,K is the total surface curvature andB is a kinetic parameter which is constant for a given temperature and material, is presented. A numerical solution to this equation is used to analyse finite cylinders with hemispherical ends. A critical length-to-diameter ratio (L/D) of 7.2 is predicted, below which only one spheroidal particle results and above which two or more are formed, and is shown to have experimental support in several systems.

152 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The spectral power distribution of white light required to maximize luminous efficiency and the color-rendering index is approximated by additive combination of three spectral lines near 450, 540, and 610 nm.
Abstract: The spectral power distribution of white light required to maximize luminous efficiency and the color-rendering index is approximated by additive combination of three spectral lines near 450, 540, and 610 nm. The two wavelength regions near 500 and 580 nm are disadvantageous. These results are related to the color-mixture functions of human color vision. Three functions that indicate the effectiveness of red, green, and blue light for composing high-performance white light are shown.

152 citations

Patent
30 Mar 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a combustion turbine having a compressed air cooling circuit that is connected to a nitrogen source is shown to transition from compressed air to nitrogen cooling first in accordance with a pre-selected control scheme.
Abstract: A combustion turbine having a compressed air cooling circuit that is connected to a nitrogen source. Compressed air is provided to the cooling circuit upon start-up and gradually switched to nitrogen cooling, as the nitrogen becomes available. Transition from compressed air to nitrogen cooling is supplied to the hottest components first in accordance with a pre-selected control scheme. Upon shutdown of the plant, the process is reversed.

151 citations


Authors

Showing all 27975 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Takeo Kanade147799103237
Martin A. Green127106976807
Shree K. Nayar11338445139
Dieter Bimberg97153145944
Keith E. Gubbins8546635909
Peter K. Liaw84106837916
Katsushi Ikeuchi7863620622
Mark R. Cutkosky7739320600
M. S. Skolnick7372822112
David D. Woods7231820825
Martin A. Uman6733816882
Michael Keidar6756614944
Terry C. Hazen6635417330
H. Harry Asada6463317358
Michael T. Meyer5922526947
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20231
202217
202135
202063
201946
201860