Westinghouse Electric

About: Westinghouse Electric is a company organization based out in Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Brake & Circuit breaker. The organization has 27959 authors who have published 38036 publications receiving 523387 citations.

Extensive Study of Low Fatigue Crack Growth Rates in A533 and A508 Steels

Abstract: For two heats of ASTM A533 Grade B Class 1 pressure vessel steel and an ASTM A508 Class 2 forged steel, an extensive study of fatigue crack growth rate characteristics was conducted within the framework of linear elastic fracture mechanics. Experimental data obtained covered a wide variation in cyclic growth rates ranging from those associated with fatigue threshold (order of 0.000000001 in./cycle) up to rapid fracture. The bulk of experimental information obtained was at very low cracking rates, usually 0.000001 in./cycle and below. Considered in the investigation were: (1) an evaluation of the effect of stress ratio on very slow rates of fatigue crack extension; (2) an evaluation of temperature (75 to 650 deg F) on very slow rates of fatigue cracking; (3) an examination of the combined effects of temperature and stress ratio and their influence on fatigue crack extension; (4) an evaluation of the effect of a distilled water environment on fatigue crack propagation rates; (5) an examination of the effects of specimen thickness; and (6) a comparison of results for two separate heats of the same alloy. /Author/

Elastic Constants of Palladium from 4.2-300°K

Abstract: Elastic constant measurements have been made on a single crystal of palladium in the temperature range 4.2-300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Extrapolation of the data to absolute zero gives ${c}_{11}=2.341\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.027\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{12} \mathrm{dyne} {\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2},$ ${c}_{12}=1.761\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.027\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{12} \mathrm{dyne} {\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2},$ ${c}_{44}=0.712\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.003\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{12} \mathrm{dyne} {\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}.$ The corresponding value of Debye temperature is ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{0}=275\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}8\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$K, which compares well with the calorimetric figure of ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{0}=274\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$K. Both shear constants show an anomalous temperature dependence. This dependence can be correlated with the temperature variation of the contribution to $C={c}_{44}$ and ${C}^{\ensuremath{'}}=\frac{1}{2}({c}_{11}\ensuremath{-}{c}_{12})$, resulting from the presence of holes in the $d$ band of palladium.

Cathodoluminescence of CaS : Ce3 + and CaS : Eu2 + Phosphors

Abstract: Data are presented on green‐emitting , red‐emitting , and doubly activated , including spectra, efficiency, and decay characteristics. Green rivals the best green ZnS‐type phosphors in efficiency, color, and brightness at low beam current and is appreciably better at high current. Red is better than in terms of efficiency but, because of the less favorable emission spectrum, only about equal to it in brightness.

Gas-Insulated Cables

Abstract: Compressed-gas insulated transmission lines or cables have been in service since 1968, with over 13 km (circuit length) in operation worldwide at voltages from 145 to 550 kV. The design philosophy and development are reviewed for the "rigid", flexible, and semi-flexible isolated phase lines, the three-conductor lines and the prototype dc gas-insulated cable system. The various designs of insulators, conductors, enclosures, particle traps, and terminations are described, together with the techniques for grounding and corrosion protection, factory and site testing, fault diagnostics, and calculation of current ratings.

Electrochemical method for separating O2 from a gas; generating electricity; measuring O2 partial pressure; and fuel cell

Abstract: .Iadd.A fuel cell and method of operation of same is detailed for measuring oxygen pressure, separating oxygen from a gas, or generating electrical energy. The fuel cell has first and second electrodes of selected materials with a solid partition of a solid electrolyte between the electrodes. The solid electrolyte consists of a solid solution of selected oxides having a high degree of oxygen ion conductivity. .Iaddend.