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Institution

Westinghouse Electric

CompanyCranberry Township, Pennsylvania, United States
About: Westinghouse Electric is a company organization based out in Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Brake & Circuit breaker. The organization has 27959 authors who have published 38036 publications receiving 523387 citations.


Papers
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Patent
01 Apr 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, a method and communication system for a railroad train having at least one locomotive for automatically adjusting the communication system to provide effective communication of command data to control operation of the locomotive is provided.
Abstract: Method and communication system for a railroad train having at least one locomotive for automatically adjusting the communication system to provide effective communication of command data to control operation of the locomotive are provided. The system includes a transceiver on the locomotive. The system further includes at least one transceiver remote from the locomotive. A database (e.g., 18) may be provided for storing data relative to a plurality of communication schemes available to the communication system. A first monitor (e.g., 12) may be used for sensing a parameter indicative of the quality of the communications between the transceivers when the transceivers are operating under a first one of the available communication schemes and generating data indicative of communications quality. A processor (e.g., 16) in communication with the monitor and the database may be configured to select a second communication scheme when the quality of the communications provided by the first communication scheme is not satisfactory to ensure that the command data will be reliably communicated with respect to the locomotive.

150 citations

Patent
17 Dec 1948
TL;DR: In this article, a coupling transformer with a toroidal magnetic core embracing one of the condenser type bushings was proposed for connecting the line to the associated bus-bar C 1 which is grounded for carrier currents.
Abstract: 661,743. Signalling over power circuits. WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC INTERNATIONAL CO. Nov. 29, 1949 [Dec. 17, 1948], No. 30586/49. Class 40 (iv). Carrier current is injected into a power transmission line C, Fig. 1, by a coupling transformer having a toroidal magnetic core 22 embracing one of the condenser type bushings 7, 8 in the metal-clad switch-gear 6 for connecting the line to the associated bus-bar C 1 which is grounded for carrier currents. The carrier current equipment at the remote end of the line is similarly coupled to line. The carrierfrequency transmitter-receiver set 25, Fig. 2, at one end of the line C is coupled through an impedance-matching transformer 27 to a cable 26 having a characteristic impedance of about 50 ohms. This cable is coupled through a further matching transformer 28 and neutralizing condenser C1 to the uniformly spaced primary toroidal winding 23 on the core 22. The carrier frequency is sufficiently high that the transmission line C presents substantially its surge impedance, of the order of 500 ohms, to the carrier currents. Since the impedance of the toroidal transformer is such as to preclude matching the 50 ohm line into the 500 ohm line, maximum carrier current power transfer to the line C is achieved by matching the 50 ohm line into the resistance presented by the toroidal transformer with its secondary connected to a high impedance of 500 ohms, the inductive reactance as viewed from the 50 ohm line being compensated by the capacitor C1. The design of the toroidal transformer to achieve this end is discussed in the Specification. Any means may be used for grounding the line C at each end in respect of carrier currents, e.g. a capacitor or capacitor string, Fig. 4 (not shown), and the same ground may be used for different line sections used for different carrier frequencies. Preferably, the condenser bushing 7 is used for this purpose, the condenser string being provided by the usual concentric foils 15 within the bushing. A tuning coil 37 is connected between the outermost, i.e. low voltage, foil or tap 17 and earth and adjusted so that the parallel connected coil 17 and low voltage portion of the tapped bushing 7 is in series-resonance with the remainder of the bushing 7 and hence reduces the impedance to ground at carrier frequency. Leakage of carrier current energy through the bushing 8 to ground may be substantially eliminated by arranging a further tuning coil 38 across the low voltage tap of the bushing 8 and ground and tuned into parallel resonance with the low voltage portion of the tapped bushing 8 for the carrier frequency or range used. A drain coil 40 connected across the transformer winding 23 nullifies the effect on the carrier current set 25 of the power line current. The toroidal transformer may also be used for relaying or metering purposes at the power line frequency.

150 citations

Patent
18 Jun 1997
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a fuel assembly for a boiling water reactor which is adapted to allow water to flow upwards through the fuel assembly while absorbing heat from a plurality of fuel rods, whereby part of the water is transformed into steam.
Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel assembly for a boiling water reactor which is adapted, during operation of the reactor, to allow water to flow upwards through the fuel assembly while absorbing heat from a plurality of fuel rods, whereby part of the water is transformed into steam The fuel assembly comprises a steam channel through which the steam flows through the fuel assembly The steam channel (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d) consists of an empty volume which at least extends through part of the fuel assembly The fuel assembly is designed such that the water and the steam are brought to rotate around the steam channel whereby the water is thrown away from the steam channel whereas the steam which is separated from the water flows upwards through the steam channel

149 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive survey of principles and methods on driven ground was issued in 1918 by the Bureau of Standards as discussed by the authors, and from the measured 60-cycle values plus what experience would ensue there have been established present practices.
Abstract: I. Introduction Driven grounds are important in electric power transmission and distribution. In fact, they comprise one of the essential elements in the art of lightning protection. Yet, to this day, the value of protection derived from grounds under actual operating conditions of lightning discharge is difficult to state in full quantitative measure. And the reason for this situation lies partly in the lack of fundamental knowledge of the impulse characteristics of driven grounds. In part, the difficulty also is due to the complex factors that inherently make up driven grounds and ground systems. A comprehensive survey of principles and methods on driven grounds was issued in 1918 by the Bureau of Standards.1 Further contributions have appeared since, some presenting new developments and findings,2 others dealing on theoretical aspects of the problem,3 and a third group bearing on related questions.4 In recent years, progress has been centered on the immediate field of application. Here the emphasis has been to obtain effective service with such methods of grounding as lend themselves particularly to economical installation. For instance, a common practice with some utilities nowadays is to drive rods to considerable depths, even down to bedrock, so as to attain the lowest measurable resistance. A recognized practice for securing low-resistance grounds is also to place a sufficient number of electrodes in parallel (multiple grounds). Still another expedient is that of reducing the resistivity of the soil immediately surrounding the electrode by suitable treatment with common salt (NaCl) or other conducting solution. All these developments have been based largely either on 60-cycle values or on closely similar methods of testing. And from the measured 60-cycle values plus what experience would ensue there have been established present practices.

149 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the inelastic excitation of helium atoms and CO by electron impact is studied using the trapped-electron method, in which those electrons which have lost a portion of their initial energy in an ion collision are trapped in a potential well, where the shape of the excitation function is known accurately.
Abstract: The inelastic excitation of ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ and CO by electron impact is studied using the trapped-electron method. In this method those electrons which have lost a portion of their initial energy in an inelastic collision are trapped in a potential well. Well depths up to 3 volts are used in the present experiment. The operation of the apparatus is checked for helium, where the shape of the excitation function is known accurately. The shape of the excitation function for metastable helium atoms obtained by the trapped-electron method is in good agreement with previous results. A large inelastic peak is observed at 2.3 ev in ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ and 1.7 ev in CO. This phenomenon is discussed in terms of the formation of a temporary negative ion state of ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ or CO and subsequent decay into various vibrational levels of the molecule. This model explains the sharp peak in both the elastic and inelastic cross section in ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ and CO. Neither ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ nor ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ show such a sharp peak at low energies.

148 citations


Authors

Showing all 27975 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Takeo Kanade147799103237
Martin A. Green127106976807
Shree K. Nayar11338445139
Dieter Bimberg97153145944
Keith E. Gubbins8546635909
Peter K. Liaw84106837916
Katsushi Ikeuchi7863620622
Mark R. Cutkosky7739320600
M. S. Skolnick7372822112
David D. Woods7231820825
Martin A. Uman6733816882
Michael Keidar6756614944
Terry C. Hazen6635417330
H. Harry Asada6463317358
Michael T. Meyer5922526947
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20231
202217
202135
202063
201946
201860