Showing papers by "Wichita State University published in 1993"
TL;DR: The authors investigated the development of secondary students' beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning, or epistemological beliefs, and the influence that these beliefs have on academic performance, and found that students' belief in simple knowledge, certain knowledge, quick learning, and fixed ability to learn decreased from freshman to senior year.
Abstract: This is an investigation of the development of secondary students' beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning, or epistemological beliefs, and the influence that these beliefs have on academic performance. An epistemological questionnaire that assesses students' beliefs about simple knowledge, certain knowledge, quick learning, and fixed ability to learn was modified and administered to more than 1,000 high school students. Factor analysis of students' responses replicated the factor structure found in previous research. Differences in epistemological beliefs among students across the high school years and between genders were examined. Belief in simple knowledge, certain knowledge, and quick learning decreased from freshman to senior year
751 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Findings indicate that the SERVQUAL scale can be adapted reliably to a clinic setting and that the dimensions of reliability, dependability, and empathy are most predictive of a patient's intent to complain, compliment, repeat purchase, and switch providers.
Abstract: The authors adapt the SERVQUAL scale for medical care services and examine it for reliability, dimensionality, and validity in a primary care clinic setting. In addition, they explore the possibility of a link between perceived service quality--and its various dimensions--and a patient's future intent to complain, compliment, repeat purchase, and switch providers. Findings from 159 matched-pair responses indicate that the SERVQUAL scale can be adapted reliably to a clinic setting and that the dimensions of reliability, dependability, and empathy are most predictive of a patient's intent to complain, compliment, repeat purchase, and switch providers.
243 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The authors report a new scale by which to measure the wellness-oriented lifestyle, and suggest ways health care marketers may use the Wellness Scale to segment and target potential customers and position their products and services.
Abstract: Individuals who lead a "wellness-oriented" lifestyle are concerned with nutrition, fitness, stress, and their environment. They accept responsibility for their health and are excellent customers for health-related products and services. Those who lack a wellness orientation are identified as higher health risks and become candidates for health promotion program intervention. The authors report a new scale by which to measure the wellness-oriented lifestyle. Scale development procedures are detailed, followed by information from five studies that support its validity. The authors suggest ways health care marketers may use the Wellness Scale to segment and target potential customers and position their products and services.
225 citations
TL;DR: The authors found that junior college students were more likely to believe in simple knowledge, certain knowledge, innate ability, and quick learning, while university students believed in innate ability and simple knowledge.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to assess postsecondary students' beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning, or epistemological beliefs. Comparisons were made between junior college students and university students and between technological science majors and social science majors on their degree of belief in simple knowledge, certain knowledge, innate ability, and quick learning. Junior college students were more likely to believe in simple, certain knowledge, and quick learning. University students were more likely to believe in innate ability. Technological science majors were more likely to believe in quick learning. Background variables, such as age, gender, and parental education, also contributed to differences between groups. Two-year institutions, as well as four-year institutions, might want to consider students' epistemological beliefs as possible factors affecting academic performance, attrition rate, and transfer difficulties.
219 citations
179 citations
173 citations
TL;DR: The article outlines the range of intellectual and behavioural characteristics of this population, based on the level of retardation, and indicates a need for appropriate evaluation procedures for determining the muscular strength and endurance of people with mental retardation.
Abstract: The deinstitutionalisation movement of the past 25 years has focused on the placement of people with mental retardation into community-based settings. There is a need for exercise- and health-related professionals to demonstrate a thorough understanding of the term mental retardation and all of the intellectual and behavioural ramifications that coexist with this condition before addressing the ‘how to’ of fitness evaluation. Therefore, the article outlines the range of intellectual and behavioural characteristics of this population, based on the level of retardation.
151 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the uniqueness and stability of identification of coefficients and right sides of partial differential equations from over-determined boundary data are described, and the results about single boundary measurements are discussed.
Abstract: Recent results on uniqueness and stability of identification of coefficients and right sides of partial differential equations from overdetermined boundary data are described. Elliptic, hyperbolic, and parabolic equations and scattering theory are considered. Proofs are given or outlined whenever they contain a new and fruitful idea and are sufficiently short. This review is supposed to be quite comprehensive. In fact, we do not cover only inverse spectral theory. Some interesting numerical methods are mentioned, but numerics is also beyond the scope of this paper. A significant part is dedicated to so-called many boundary measurements (equations with given Dirichlet-to-Neumann map), but we also discuss results about single boundary measurements. An extensive bibliography contains basic papers in the field.
138 citations
01 Dec 1993
TL;DR: Depression scores are not higher or depressive symptoms more common in patients with RA compared with other clinic patients, and the notion that patients withRA have increased depression or are somehow more susceptible to depression is not supported by the data and should be abandoned.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To determine if depression scores and depressive symptoms are higher in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) than among those with other rheumatic disorders; and to describe norms for the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (AIMS) depression scale. METHODS A 100% sample of all clinic visits of 6,153 consecutive patients with rheumatic disease seen in an outpatient rheumatic disease clinic during a 10-year period. 19,122 AIMS depression scores were utilized. For each patient an average depression score was calculated. Covariates included age, sex, education level, ethnic origin, and number of clinic visits. RESULTS RA depressive symptoms and depression scores did not differ from all other clinic patients (taken as a whole). Patients with fibromyalgia had significantly more abnormal scores. CONCLUSION Depression scores are not higher or depressive symptoms more common in patients with RA compared with other clinic patients. By every measure depression is increased in fibromyalgia. The notion that patients with RA have increased depression or are somehow more susceptible to depression is not supported by the data and should be abandoned.
132 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, depression scores and depressive symptoms are higher in patients with rheumatoid arthritis than among those with other rheumatic disorders; and to describe norms for the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (AIMS) depression scale.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To determine if depression scores and depressive symptoms are higher in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) than among those with other rheumatic disorders; and to describe norms for the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (AIMS) depression scale. METHODS A 100% sample of all clinic visits of 6,153 consecutive patients with rheumatic disease seen in an outpatient rheumatic disease clinic during a 10-year period. 19,122 AIMS depression scores were utilized. For each patient an average depression score was calculated. Covariates included age, sex, education level, ethnic origin, and number of clinic visits. RESULTS RA depressive symptoms and depression scores did not differ from all other clinic patients (taken as a whole). Patients with fibromyalgia had significantly more abnormal scores. CONCLUSION Depression scores are not higher or depressive symptoms more common in patients with RA compared with other clinic patients. By every measure depression is increased in fibromyalgia. The notion that patients with RA have increased depression or are somehow more susceptible to depression is not supported by the data and should be abandoned.
125 citations
01 Jun 1993
TL;DR: The full text of this article is not available in SOAR. Check the journal record http://libcat.wichita.edu/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=482047 for the paper version of the article in the library as mentioned in this paper
Abstract: The full text of this article is not available in SOAR. Check the journal record http://libcat.wichita.edu/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=482047 for the paper version of the article in the library.
TL;DR: The contribution of specific factors to musculoskeletal problems experienced by cardiac sonographers was difficult to determine, but high-pressure hand grip correlated significantly with carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms and posture correlated significant with other work-related musculOSkeletal injuries.
Abstract: Cardiac sonographers at a regional medical center have experienced carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms and other work-related musculoskeletal injuries. The nationwide incidence of these problems was not known. A questionnaire pertaining to possible causes of work-related injuries was developed and distributed to 225 cardiac sonographers. A 47% response rate was achieved with 72% female respondents. Eighty-six percent reported one or more physical symptoms. Only 3% of respondents had been diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. Posture correlated significantly with other work-related musculoskeletal injuries. High-pressure hand grip correlated significantly with carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms. No other strong relations with physical symptoms were found. The contribution of specific factors to musculoskeletal problems experienced by cardiac sonographers was difficult to determine.
TL;DR: In this article, the location and strength of singularities of an L∞ compactly supported potential were determined by making measurements just on the boundary of the medium, where the associated scattering amplitude at a fixed energy is known.
Abstract: In this paper we considered several formally determined problems in two dimensions. There are no global identifiability results for these problems. However, we can recover an important feature of these functions, namely their singularities. More precisely, we prove that one can determine the location and strength of singularities of anL∞ compactly supported potential by knowing the associated scattering amplitude at a fixed energy. Also we prove that one can determine the location and strength of the singularities of the sound speed of a medium by making measurements just on the boundary of the medium.
TL;DR: Forty-Niner (49er), a general-purpose database mining system which conducts large-scale search for patterns in many subsets of data, conducting a more costly search for equations only when data indicate a functional relationship.
Abstract: Large databases can be a source of useful knowledge. Yet this knowledge is implicit in the data. It must be mined and expressed in a concise, useful form of statistical patterns, equations, rules, conceptual hierarchies, and the like. Automation of knowledge discovery is important because databases are growing in size and number, and standard data analysis techniques are not designed for exploration of huge hypotheses spaces. We concentrate on discovery of regularities, defining a regularity by a pattern and the range in which that pattern holds. We argue that two types of patterns are particularly important: contingency tables and equations, and we present Forty-Niner (49er), a general-purpose database mining system which conducts large-scale search for those patterns in many subsets of data, conducting a more costly search for equations only when data indicate a functional relationship. 49er can refine the initial regularities to yield stronger and more general regularities and more useful concepts. 49er combines several searches, each contributing to a different aspect of a regularity. Correspondence between the components of search and the structure of regularities makes the system easy to understand, use, and expand. Finally, we discuss 49er's performance in four categories of tests: (1) open exploration of new databases; (2) reproduction of human findings (limited because databases which have been extensively explored are very rare); (3) hide- and -seek testing on artificially created data, to evaluate 49er on large scale against known results; (4) exploration of randomly generated databases.
TL;DR: In this article, a laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the maximum acceptable frequency (MAF) for a simulated gripping task at different gripping forces and gripping durations using a psychophysical protocol.
TL;DR: In this article, the robust stability problem of linear time-invariant singularly perturbed systems is discussed, where the system matrix may have a parameter perturbation bounded by the Hα-norm.
Abstract: The robust stability problem of linear time-invariant singularly perturbed systems is discussed, where the system matrix may have a parameter perturbation bounded by the Hα-norm. A sufficient condition for the upper bound of e is given, such that the stability of the actual system (or the full-order model) can be inferred from the analysis of the reduced-order system (or the slow model) in separate time scales.
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: A number of thrusts towards the development of permselective microcapsule based systems for the eventual treatment of Type I diabetes, which are based on the structurally diverse and biocompatible methacrylate family of polymers are described.
Abstract: Organ and tissue transplantation, traditionally supported by immunosuppressant therapy, has entered a new era through the use of semipermeable microcapsules to circumvent rejection pathways by selective isolation of the implant from the hosts immune system. The bewildering structural and behavioral latitude and proven biocompatibility of synthetic polymer based systems make them materials of choice for this application. Herein are described a number of thrusts towards the development of permselective microcapsule based systems for the eventual treatment of Type I diabetes, which are based on the structurally diverse and biocompatible methacrylate family of polymers. Thoroughly explored concepts based on the use of uncharged and water insoluble hydroxyalkyl methacrylates are reported, along with studies of polyelectrolyte complex based systems. The preliminary development of systems based on the surface modification of alginate by precipitation of a cationic, emulsion or through formation of a covalently crosslinked network are detailed along with others based on the formation of a cohesive precipitate of alginate stabilized polymethacrylate emulsion. Encapsulated cells include erythrocytes, fibroblasts, lymphoma and CHO cells, and islets of Langerhans. Future work will be geared towards an understanding of interactions between the host and the encapsulated cells and the long term maintenance of normoglycemia in diabetic mammals.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship of patent output to the reward systems for individual R&D scientists in high technology firms and found that patent output was dependent on firm size, R&DI expenditure, and on monetary and non-monetary reward systems, informal award programs and variable bonuses based on the issue of patents.
Abstract: This study investigated the relationship of patent output to the reward systems for individual R&D scientists in high technology firms. A survey of technical managers in 57 Connecticut firms collected information on firm size, R&D expenditure, and the frequency of use of eighteen different reward systems. Using a regression model, patent output was found to be dependent on firm size, R&D expenditure, and on monetary and non-monetary reward systems, informal award programs and variable bonuses based on the issue of patents. When a subset of small firms was investigated separately, non-monetary rewards were shown to be ineffective. However, variable bonuses remained important to patent output and large sum reward payments ($50,000) also demonstrated a significant effect.
TL;DR: A series of saccharin derivatives I has been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity toward human leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A series of saccharin derivatives I has been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity toward human leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G. Most of the compounds were found to be efficient and time-dependent inhibitors of elastase. Inactivated elastase was found to regain its activity almost fully after 24 h (80-90% activity) and the half-lives of reactivation ranged between 12-15 h. Addition of hydroxylamine to fully-inactivated enzyme led to rapid and complete recovery of enzymatic activity. A tentative mechanism of action is proposed on the basis of biochemical and model studies.
TL;DR: In this paper, several stabilization pathways are proposed, based mainly on experimental and theoretical arguments, to encourage further investigation of magnesian calcite diagenesis, which can be used to document the typical stabilization pathways followed by calcites.
Abstract: Stabilization of high magnesian calcites (>4 mole% MgCO3) to low magnesian calcite (0–4 mole% MgCO3) and dolomite involves a reduction in the solubility of these phases during diagenetic alteration. The solubility of a magnesian calcite is controlled not only by the Mg concentration, but also other chemical and physical properties of the solid. These other properties include the amount of: 1) trace element diluents other than Mg (e.g., sodium, sulfate, adsorbed or structural water); 2) carbonate ion positional or cation ordering: 3) microstructural and surface defects; and 4) adhered small particles. Crystal size also may affect the solubility of a magnesian calcite. A magnesian calcite may become more stable in the natural environment by a decrease in Mg concentration, by loss of other trace elements and/or changes in its physical properties. Few studies exist of magnesian calcites in sediments and limestones undergoing diagenetic alteration that can be used to document the typical stabilization pathways followed by magnesian calcites. Several stabilization pathways are proposed, based mainly on experimental and theoretical arguments, to encourage further investigation of magnesian calcite diagenesis.
TL;DR: The meaning of health held by these adolescents may have implications for influencing their adherence to cancer treatment regimens as well as other health behaviors that promote or risk their health.
Abstract: The purpose of this exploratory-descriptive pilot study was to explore the use of photography to examine the meaning of health among adolescents who have been diagnosed with cancer. The sample consisted of 4 adolescents who had been diagnosed with cancer and were attending a weekend retreat. Participants were given Polaroid(tm) cameras with instructions to take pictures that illustrated health. The participants were then interviewed to obtain an understanding of how their pictures demonstrated health. The participants produced 22 pictures and 35 descriptive expressions of health, which were content analyzed for common themes and elements. The meaning of health held by these adolescents may have implications for influencing their adherence to cancer treatment regimens as well as other health behaviors that promote or risk their health.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: This article presents data on State Medicaid nursing home reimbursement methods, ratesetting methods, and average per diem rates, refining earlier data and updating through 1989, and supports previous findings that prospective systems allow greater control over increases in rates.
Abstract: Medicaid nursing home reimbursement is of concern because of implications for nursing home expenditures. This article presents data on State Medicaid nursing home reimbursement methods, ratesetting methods, and average per diem rates, refining earlier data and updating through 1989. A trend in the early 1980s toward adopting prospective systems played out by the end of the decade. There were trends, however, toward case-mix methods, which may increase access for high-need patients, and toward cost-center limits on nursing, which may provide incentives to lower quality care. Analysis supports previous findings that prospective systems allow greater control over increases in rates.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a man still suffering residual symptoms following an incidence of Guillain-Barre Syndrome was able to improve his cardiopulmonary and work capacity and isokinetic strength of his legs following a supervised training program using the SAE.
19 Jun 1993
TL;DR: This method seems to be the first one to produce traditional proofs for hard geometry theorems efficiently and involves the elimination of the constructed points from the conclusion using a few basic geometry propositions.
Abstract: The authors present a method that can produce traditional proofs for a class of geometry statements whose hypotheses can be described constructively and whose conclusions can be represented by polynomial equations of three kinds of geometry quantities: ratios of lengths, areas of triangles, and Pythagoras differences of triangles. This class covers a large portion of the geometry theorems about straight lines and circles. The method involves the elimination of the constructed points from the conclusion using a few basic geometry propositions. The authors' program, Euclid, implements this method and can produce traditional proofs of many hard geometry theorems. Currently, it has produced proofs of 400 nontrivial theorems entirely automatically, and the proofs produced are generally short and readable. This method seems to be the first one to produce traditional proofs for hard geometry theorems efficiently. >
TL;DR: Results indicated a decrease in joint ROM with age, with decreases from 4% to 30%.
TL;DR: In this article, the relative performances of machine and automated guided vehicle (AGV) scheduling rules are analyzed against various due-date criteria, and the sensitivity to AGV workload, buffer capacity, and processing-time distribution is also investigated to assess the robustness of the scheduling rules.
Abstract: Although extensive research has been conducted to solve design and operational problems of automated manufacturing systems, many of the problems still remain unsolved. This article investigates the scheduling problems of flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs). Specifically, the relative performances of machine and automated guided vehicle (AGV) scheduling rules are analyzed against various due-date criteria. First, the relevant literature is briefly reviewed, and then the rules are tested under different experimental conditions by using a simulation model of an FMS. The sensitivity to AGV workload, buffer capacity, and processing-time distribution is also investigated to assess the robustness of the scheduling rules.
TL;DR: Perceptions about academic cheating in comparable 11th-grade students from Costa Rica, Germany, and the United States are examined to assess the similarities and differences associated with the different societies, with achievement status, and with gender.
Abstract: We examined perceptions about academic cheating in comparable 11th-grade students from Costa Rica, Germany, and the United States to assess the similarities and differences associated with the different societies, with achievement status, and with gender. German students generally differed substantially from both Costa Rican and U.S. students in perceptions of the problem, critical attributes of cheating, causes of cheating, and beliefs about effective ways to control cheating in the school. We did find some important similarities across all three samples, however. Achievement and gender effects were less substantia] but were uniform across the three groups.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show how to extend the basic concepts embodied in the hexagon, and illustrate procedures for locating counselees and occupations on the hexagonal, which are compatible with scores from a wide variety of assessment instruments, can help counselors identify and explore occupational options.
Abstract: Since its introduction nearly 25 years ago, Holland's (1985) hexagon has remained in skeletal form. The hexagon is used to depict similarities and differences among occupations—but only six general types of occupations. The authors show in this article how to extend the basic concepts embodied in the hexagon. Procedures for locating counselees and occupations on the hexagon are illustrated. These procedures, which are compatible with scores from a wide variety of assessment instruments, can help counselees identify and explore occupational options. The authors also report research on the hexagon locations of 27 career groups.
TL;DR: Although significantly poorer performances on the PE task were found to be associated with both increased age and hearing loss, additional tentative evidence was obtained that the presence of hearing loss may have a relatively greater detrimental effect on the performance of at least some elderly subjects than it does on younger persons.
Abstract: Cranford, Boose, & Moore (1990a) reported that many elderly persons exhibit problems in perceiving the apparent location of fused auditory images in a sound localization task involving the Preceden
TL;DR: Four young adults (average age 24 years) presented with complaints of posterior ankle pain after running and good relief of symptoms in all patients and return to long-distance running for three patients.
Abstract: Four young adults (average age 24 years) presented with complaints of posterior ankle pain after running. Bilateral accessory soleus muscles were diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging or CT scan. Symptoms were present an average of 3 years before diagnosis. Two patients had previous surgery (ankle arthroscopy, tarsal tunnel release, and leg compartment release) before diagnosis and treatment. Obliteration of Kager's triangle (posterior ankle fat pad) was present on six out of eight lateral ankle radiographs. Posteromedial prominence was present on four out of eight ankles. Operative exploration confirmed the presence of five muscles and fasciectomy was performed. Follow-up (17 to 29 months) showed good relief of symptoms in all patients and return to long-distance running for three patients.Dissection of 47 preserved cadavers revealed three accessory soleus muscles in the 94 extremities (two muscles were bilateral in one cadaver).