Wichita State University

About: Wichita State University is a education organization based out in Wichita, Kansas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 4988 authors who have published 9563 publications receiving 253824 citations. The organization is also known as: WSU & Fairmount College.

A comparison of reusable and disposable perioperative textiles: sustainability state-of-the-art 2012.

Abstract: Contemporary comparisons of reusable and single-use perioperative textiles (surgical gowns and drapes) reflect major changes in the technologies to produce and reuse these products. Reusable and disposable gowns and drapes meet new standards for medical workers and patient protection, use synthetic lightweight fabrics, and are competitively priced. In multiple sciencebased life cycle environmental studies, reusable surgical gowns and drapes demonstrate substantial sustainability benefits over the same disposable product in natural resource energy (200%–300%), water (250%–330%), carbon footprint (200%–300%), volatile organics, solid wastes (750%), and instrument recovery. Because all other factors (cost, protection, and comfort) are reasonably similar, the environmental benefits of reusable surgical gowns and drapes to health care sustainability programs are important for this industry. Thus, it is no longer valid to indicate that reusables are better in some environmental impacts and disposables are better in other environmental impacts. It is also important to recognize that large-scale studies of comfort, protection, or economics have not been actively pursued in the last 5 to 10 years, and thus the factors to improve both reusables and disposable systems are difficult to assess. In addition, the comparison related to jobs is not well studied, but may further support reusables. In summary, currently available perioperative textiles are similar in comfort, safety, and cost, but reusable textiles offer substantial opportunities for nurses, physicians, and hospitals to reduce environmental footprints when selected over disposable alternatives. Evidenced-based comparison of environmental factors supports the conclusion that reusable gowns and drapes offer important sustainability improvements. The benefit of reusable systems may be similar for other reusables in anesthesia, such as laryngeal mask airways or suction canisters, but life cycle studies are needed to substantiate these benefits. (Anesth Analg 2012;114:1055–66)

Infrared Colors at the Stellar/Substellar Boundary

Abstract: We present new infrared JHK photometry for 61 halo and disk stars around the stellar/substellar boundary. We also present new L' photometry for 21 of these stars and for 40 low-mass stars taken from the Leggett photometry compilation. These data are combined with available optical photometry and astrometric data to produce color-color and absolute magnitude-color diagrams; the current sample extends the similar work presented in the 1992 paper into more metal-poor and lower mass regimes. The disk and halo sequences are compared to the predictions of the latest model atmospheres and structural models. We find good agreement between observation and theory except for known problems in the V and H passbands, probably due to incomplete molecular data for TiO, metal hydrides, and H2O. The metal-poor M subdwarfs are well matched by the models since oxide opacity sources are less important in this case. The known extreme M subdwarfs have metallicities about one-hundredth solar, and the coolest subdwarfs have Teff ~ 3000 K with masses ~0.09M/M☉. The grainless models are not able to reproduce the flux distributions of disk objects with Teff < 2500 K; however, a preliminary version of the NextGen-Dusty models that includes homogeneous formation and extinction by dust grains is able to match the colors of these very cool objects. The least luminous objects in this sample are GD 165B, three DENIS objects—DBD 0205, DBD 1058, and DBD 1228—and Kelu-1. These have Teff ~ 2000 K and are at or below the stellar limit with masses ≤0.075M/M☉. Photometry alone cannot constrain these parameters further since the age is unknown, but published lithium detections for two of these objects (Kelu-1 and DBD 1228) imply that they are young (aged about 1 Gyr) and substellar (mass ≤ 0.06M/M☉).

Prediction of cutting forces in helical end milling fiber reinforced polymers

Abstract: Machining of fiber reinforced composites is an important activity in the integration of these advanced materials into engineering applications. Machining damage due to excessive cutting forces may result in rejecting the composite components at the last stages of their production cycle. Therefore, the ability to predict the cutting forces is essential for selecting process parameters that would result in minimum machining damage. This work utilizes mechanistic modeling techniques for simulating the cutting of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) with a helical end mill. A methodology is developed for predicting the cutting forces by transforming specific cutting energies from orthogonal cutting to oblique cutting. It is shown that the method developed is capable of predicting the cutting forces in helical end milling of unidirectional and multidirectional composites and over the entire range of fiber orientations from 0° to 180°. This is a significant improvement over previous models that were only capable of addressing orthogonal cutting and/or a limited range of fiber orientations. Model predictions were compared with experimental data and were found to be in good agreement in cutting unidirectional laminate, but with lesser agreement in the case of a multidirectional laminate.