William Beaumont Army Medical Center

About: William Beaumont Army Medical Center is a healthcare organization based out in El Paso, Texas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 1061 authors who have published 1100 publications receiving 23673 citations. The organization is also known as: William Beaumont General Hospital.

Clinical exercise testing

Abstract: Clinical exercise testing is increasingly being utilized in clinical practice because of the valuable, often unique information that it provides in patient diagnosis and management. This is also due to a growing awareness that resting cardiopulmonary measurements provide an unreliable estimate of functional capacity. A continuum of exercise testing modalities for functional evaluation from "low tech" to "high tech" will be discussed. These include the six minute walk test, shuttle walk test, exercise induced bronchoconstriction test, cardiac stress test, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. The main focus of this article will be cardiopulmonary exercise testing including indications, important measurements, salient methodological considerations, and interpretation.

The Epidemiology of Ankle Sprains in the United States

Abstract: Background: Ankle sprain has been studied in athletic cohorts, but little is known of its epidemiology in the general population. A longitudinal, prospective epidemiological database was used to determine the incidence and demographic risk factors for ankle sprains presenting to emergency departments in the United States. It was our hypothesis that ankle sprain is influenced by sex, race, age, and involvement in athletics. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for all ankle sprain injuries presenting to emergency departments between 2002 and 2006. Incidence rate ratios were then calculated with respect to age, sex, and race. Results: During the study period, an estimated 3,140,132 ankle sprains occurred among an at-risk population of 1,461,379,599 person-years for an incidence rate of 2.15 per 1000 person-years in the United States. The peak incidence of ankle sprain occurred between fifteen and nineteen years of age (7.2 per 1000 person-years). Males, compared with females, did not demonstrate an overall increased incidence rate ratio for ankle sprain (incidence rate ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.09). However, males between fifteen and twenty-four years old had a substantially higher incidence of ankle sprain than their female counterparts (incidence rate ratio, 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.41 to 1.66), whereas females over thirty years old had a higher incidence compared with their male counterparts (incidence rate ratio, 2.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.65 to 2.65). Compared with the Hispanic race, the black and white races were associated with substantially higher rates of ankle sprain (incidence rate ratio, 3.55 [95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 6.09] and 2.49 [95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 3.97], respectively). Nearly half of all ankle sprains (49.3%) occurred during athletic activity, with basketball (41.1%), football (9.3%), and soccer (7.9%) being associated with the highest percentage of ankle sprains during athletics. Conclusions: An age of ten to nineteen years old is associated with higher rates of ankle sprain. Males between fifteen and twenty-four years old have higher rates of ankle sprain than their female counterparts, whereas females over thirty years old have higher rates than their male counterparts. Half of all ankle sprains occur during athletic activity. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Epidemiology of Shoulder Dislocations Presenting to Emergency Departments in the United States

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of traumatic shoulder dislocations is poorly understood. The aim of the current study was to determine the incidence of shoulder dislocations presenting to hospital emergency departments in the United States and define demographic risk factors for these injuries. METHODS: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, a probability sample of all injuries presenting to emergency departments in the United States, was queried for shoulder dislocations from 2002 through 2006. Patient and injury characteristics were analyzed. United States Census data were utilized to calculate incidence rates for the United States population and subgroups. Incidence rate ratios were then calculated with respect to age, sex, and race. RESULTS: A total of 8940 shoulder dislocations were identified, resulting in an overall incidence rate in the United States of 23.9 (95% confidence interval, 20.8 to 27.0) per 100,000 person-years. The male incidence rate was 34.90 (95% confidence interval, 30.08 to 39.73) per 100,000 person-years, with an incidence rate ratio of 2.64 (95% confidence interval, 2.39 to 2.88) relative to the female incidence rate. It was found that 71.8% of the dislocations were in males. Stratified by decade, the maximum incidence rate (47.8 [95% confidence interval, 41.0 to 54.5]) occurred in those between the ages of twenty and twenty-nine years; 46.8% of all dislocations were in patients between fifteen and twenty-nine years of age. There were no significant differences based on race. Dislocations most frequently resulted from a fall (58.8%) and occurred at home (47.7%) or at sites of sports or recreation (34.5%). Overall, 48.3% of injuries occurred during sports or recreation. CONCLUSIONS: The estimated incidence rate of shoulder dislocations in the United States is 23.9 per 100,000 person-years, which is approximately twice the previously reported value. A young age and male sex are risk factors for shoulder dislocation in the United States population. Language: en