Wishaw General Hospital

About: Wishaw General Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Wishaw, Scotland, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 256 authors who have published 222 publications receiving 4324 citations.

Impact of Maternal Obesity on Perinatal and Childhood Outcomes

Abstract: Maternal obesity is of major consequence, affecting every aspect of maternity care including both short- and long-term effects on the health of the offspring. Obese mothers are at a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia, potentially exposing the foetus to an adverse intrauterine environment. Maternal obesity is linked to foetal macrosomia, resulting in increased neonatal and maternal morbidity. Foetal macrosomia is a result of a change in body composition in the neonate with an increase in both percentage fat and fat mass. Maternal obesity and gestational weight gain are associated with childhood obesity, and this effect extends into adulthood. Childhood obesity in turn increases chances of later life obesity, thus type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in the offspring. Further clinical trials of lifestyle and, potentially, pharmacological interventions in obese pregnant women are required to determine whether short- and long-term adverse effects for the mother and child can be reduced.

Vibration therapy in multiple sclerosis: a pilot study exploring its effects on tone, muscle force, sensation and functional performance:

Abstract: Objective: To examine the effectiveness of whole body vibration (WBV) on tone, muscle force, sensation and functional performance in people with multiple sclerosis. Design: A randomized cross-over pilot study. Setting: Revive MS Support Therapy Centre. Glasgow, UK. Subjects: Sixteen people with multiple sclerosis were randomly allocated to one of two groups. Intervention: Group 1 received four weeks of whole body vibration plus exercise three times per week, two weeks of no intervention and then four weeks of exercise alone three times per week. Group 2 were given the two treatment interventions in the reverse order to group 1. Main measures: Ten-metre walk, Timed Up and Go Test, Modified Ashworth Scale, Multiple Sclerosis Spasticity Scale (MSSS-88), lower limb muscle force, Nottingham Sensory Assessment and Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29) were used before and after intervention. Results: The exercise programme had positive effects on muscle force and wellbeing, but there was insufficient evidence that the addition of whole body vibration provided any further benefit. The Modified Ashworth Scale was generally unaffected by either intervention, although, for each group, results from the MSSS-88 showed whole body vibration and exercises reduced muscle spasms (P ¼ 0.02). Although results for the 10-m walk and Timed Up and Go Test improved, this did not reach statistical significance (P ¼ 0.56; P ¼ 0.70, respectively). For most subjects sensation was unaffected by whole body vibration. Conclusion: Exercise may be beneficial to those with multiple sclerosis, but there is limited evidence that the addition of whole body vibration provides any additional improvements. Further larger scale studies into the effects of whole body vibration in people with multiple sclerosis are essential.

The relationship between the systemic inflammatory response, tumour proliferative activity, T-lymphocytic and macrophage infiltration, microvessel density and survival in patients with primary operable breast cancer

Abstract: The significance of the inter-relationship between tumour and host local/systemic inflammatory responses in primary operable invasive breast cancer is limited. The inter-relationship between the systemic inflammatory response (pre-operative white cell count, C-reactive protein and albumin concentrations), standard clinicopathological factors, tumour T-lymphocytic (CD4+ and CD8+) and macrophage (CD68+) infiltration, proliferative (Ki-67) index and microvessel density (CD34+) was examined using immunohistochemistry and slide-counting techniques, and their prognostic values were examined in 168 patients with potentially curative resection of early-stage invasive breast cancer. Increased tumour grade and proliferative activity were associated with greater tumour T-lymphocyte (P<0.05) and macrophage (P<0.05) infiltration and microvessel density (P<0.01). The median follow-up of survivors was 72 months. During this period, 31 patients died; 18 died of their cancer. On univariate analysis, increased lymph-node involvement (P<0.01), negative hormonal receptor (P<0.10), lower albumin concentrations (P<0.01), increased tumour proliferation (P<0.05), increased tumour microvessel density (P<0.05), the extent of locoregional control (P<0.0001) and limited systemic treatment (P⩽0.01) were associated with cancer-specific survival. On multivariate analysis of these significant covariates, albumin (HR 4.77, 95% CI 1.35–16.85, P=0.015), locoregional treatment (HR 3.64, 95% CI 1.04–12.72, P=0.043) and systemic treatment (HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.23–4.27, P=0.009) were significant independent predictors of cancer-specific survival. Among tumour-based inflammatory factors, only tumour microvessel density (P<0.05) was independently associated with poorer cancer-specific survival. The host inflammatory responses are closely associated with poor tumour differentiation, proliferation and malignant disease progression in breast cancer.