Institution
World Bank
Other•Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States•
About: World Bank is a other organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poverty. The organization has 7813 authors who have published 21594 publications receiving 1198361 citations. The organization is also known as: World Bank, WB & The World Bank.
Topics: Population, Poverty, Developing country, Free trade, Productivity
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate an aspect of corruption that has received little attention: its differential incidence by gender and find that women are less involved in bribery, and are less likely to condone bribe taking.
Abstract: Using several independent data sets, we investigate an aspect of corruption that has received little attention: its differential incidence by gender. We show using micro data that women are less involved in bribery, and are less likely to condone bribe taking. Cross-country data show that corruption is less severe where women comprise a larger share of the labor force, and where women hold a larger share of parliamentary seats.
750 citations
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TL;DR: Zhang et al. as mentioned in this paper found that the 15 years of efforts to promote decentralization in China have failed to promote economic growth in China's provinces, which is surprising in the light of arguments that fiscal decentralization usually promotes provincial or local economic growth.
Abstract: Fifteen years of efforts to promote fiscal decentralization in China have failed to promote economic growth in China's provinces. This finding is surprising in the light of arguments that fiscal decentralization usually promotes provincial or local economic growth. Zhang and Zou use data on China to demonstrate how the allocation of fiscal revenue and expenditures between central and local governments has affected economic growth since reforms that began in the last 1970s. They find a higher degree of fiscal decentralization associated with lower provincial economic growth over the past 15 years in China. This implies that fiscal reforms begun in China in the early 1980s have probably failed to promote the country's economic growth. This result is consistently significant and robust in their empirical examinations. It is also surprising, in the light of the argument that fiscal decentralization usually contributes positively to provincial or local economic growth. This paper - a product of the Public Economics Division, Policy Research Department - is part of a larger effort in the department to study fiscal decentralization and economic growth. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth (RPO 680-02).
750 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined firm debt maturity in 30 countries during the period 1980-1991 and found that stock market activity is not correlated with debt levels of small firms, while the size of the banking sector is uncorrelated with the capital structures of large firms.
747 citations
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TL;DR: Cross-national data is used to examine the impact of both public spending on health and non-health factors (economic, educational, cultural) in determining child (under-5) and infant mortality, finding that whereas health spending is not a powerful determinant of mortality, 95% of cross-national variation in mortality can be explained by a country's income per capita.
747 citations
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TL;DR: Mechanistic pathways for individuals with obesity are presented in depth for factors linked with COVID‐19 risk, severity and their potential for diminished therapeutic and prophylactic treatments among these individuals.
Abstract: The linkage of individuals with obesity and COVID-19 is controversial and lacks systematic reviews. After a systematic search of the Chinese and English language literature on COVID-19, 75 studies were used to conduct a series of meta-analyses on the relationship of individuals with obesity-COVID-19 over the full spectrum from risk to mortality. A systematic review of the mechanistic pathways for COVID-19 and individuals with obesity is presented. Pooled analysis show individuals with obesity were more at risk for COVID-19 positive, >46.0% higher (OR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.30-1.65; p < 0.0001); for hospitalization, 113% higher (OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.74-2.60; p < 0.0001); for ICU admission, 74% higher (OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.46-2.08); and for mortality, 48% increase in deaths (OR = 1.48; 95% CI, 1.22-1.80; p < 0.001). Mechanistic pathways for individuals with obesity are presented in depth for factors linked with COVID-19 risk, severity and their potential for diminished therapeutic and prophylactic treatments among these individuals. Individuals with obesity are linked with large significant increases in morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. There are many mechanisms that jointly explain this impact. A major concern is that vaccines will be less effective for the individuals with obesity.
747 citations
Authors
Showing all 7881 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Joseph E. Stiglitz | 164 | 1142 | 152469 |
Barry M. Popkin | 157 | 751 | 90453 |
Dan J. Stein | 142 | 1727 | 132718 |
Asli Demirguc-Kunt | 137 | 429 | 78166 |
Elinor Ostrom | 126 | 430 | 104959 |
David Scott | 124 | 1561 | 82554 |
Ross Levine | 122 | 398 | 108067 |
Barry Eichengreen | 116 | 949 | 51073 |
Martin Ravallion | 115 | 570 | 55380 |
Kenneth H. Mayer | 115 | 1351 | 64698 |
Angus Deaton | 110 | 363 | 66325 |
Timothy Besley | 103 | 368 | 45988 |
Lawrence H. Summers | 102 | 285 | 58555 |
Shang-Jin Wei | 101 | 415 | 39112 |
Thorsten Beck | 99 | 373 | 62708 |