Institution
World Bank
Other•Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States•
About: World Bank is a other organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poverty. The organization has 7813 authors who have published 21594 publications receiving 1198361 citations. The organization is also known as: World Bank, WB & The World Bank.
Topics: Population, Poverty, Developing country, Free trade, Productivity
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
•
TL;DR: The authors examine the allocation of foreign aid by 41 donor agencies, bilateral and multilateral, and find that the same group of multilateral and bilateral aid agencies that are very policy focused are also very poverty focused.
Abstract: Dollar and Levin examine the allocation of foreign aid by 41 donor agencies, bilateral and multilateral. Their policy selectivity index measures the extent to which a donor's assistance is targeted to countries with sound institutions and policies, controlling for per capita income and population. The poverty selectivity index analogously looks at how well a donor's assistance is targeted to poor countries, controlling for institutional and policy environment as measured by a World Bank index. The authors' main finding is that the same group of multilateral and bilateral aid agencies that are very policy focused are also very poverty focused. The donors that appear high up in both rankings are the World Bank's International Development Association, the International Monetary Fund's Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility, Denmark, the United Kingdom, Norway, Ireland, and the Netherlands. As a robustness check the authors alternatively use institutional quality measures independent of the World Bank and find the same pattern of selectivity. They also find that policy selectivity is a new phenomenon: in the 1984-89 period, aid overall was allocated indiscriminately without any consideration to the quality of governance, whereas in the 1990s there was a clear relationship between aid and governance (institutions and policies). This increasing selectivity of aid is good news for aid effectiveness. The bad news is that the aid agencies that the authors survey vary greatly in size. Some donors that are largest in absolute size, such as France and the United States, are not particularly selective. Japan comes in high on the policy selectivity index but far down on the poverty selectivity index, reflecting its pattern of giving large amounts of aid in Asia to countries that are well governed but in many cases not poor. This paper - a product of Development Policy, Development Economics Senior Vice Presidency - is part of a larger effort in the Bank to examine aid effectiveness.
508 citations
••
TL;DR: This paper reviewed the existing literature on the impact of bank concentration and competition on the performance of banks and summarized the main findings of the summarized papers in this special issue of the JMCB within the context of this actively active literature.
Abstract: The consolidation of banks around the world in recent years is intensifying
public policy debates on the influences of concentration and competition
on the performance of banks. In light of these developments, this
paper first reviews the existing literature on the impact of bank concentration
and competition. Second, the paper summarizes the main findings of the
papers in this special issue of the JMCB within the context of this
active literature. Finally, the paper suggests some directions for future
research.
507 citations
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the literature on the conceptual and empirical underpinnings of this more recent perspective, focussing on the experience in developing countries and document the size and heterogeneity of the rural non-farm sector, pointing to evidence that in many countries the sector is expanding rather than declining.
507 citations
••
TL;DR: The rationale and conceptual basis for CERQual, the aims of the approach, how the approach was developed, and its main components are described, including the purpose and structure of this series and the growing role for qualitative evidence in decision-making are discussed.
Abstract: The GRADE-CERQual (‘Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research’) approach provides guidance for assessing how much confidence to place in findings from systematic reviews of qualitative research (or qualitative evidence syntheses). The approach has been developed to support the use of findings from qualitative evidence syntheses in decision-making, including guideline development and policy formulation. Confidence in the evidence from qualitative evidence syntheses is an assessment of the extent to which a review finding is a reasonable representation of the phenomenon of interest. CERQual provides a systematic and transparent framework for assessing confidence in individual review findings, based on consideration of four components: (1) methodological limitations, (2) coherence, (3) adequacy of data, and (4) relevance. A fifth component, dissemination (or publication) bias, may also be important and is being explored. As with the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach for effectiveness evidence, CERQual suggests summarising evidence in succinct, transparent, and informative Summary of Qualitative Findings tables. These tables are designed to communicate the review findings and the CERQual assessment of confidence in each finding. This article is the first of a seven-part series providing guidance on how to apply the CERQual approach. In this paper, we describe the rationale and conceptual basis for CERQual, the aims of the approach, how the approach was developed, and its main components. We also outline the purpose and structure of this series and discuss the growing role for qualitative evidence in decision-making. Papers 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 in this series discuss each CERQual component, including the rationale for including the component in the approach, how the component is conceptualised, and how it should be assessed. Paper 2 discusses how to make an overall assessment of confidence in a review finding and how to create a Summary of Qualitative Findings table. The series is intended primarily for those undertaking qualitative evidence syntheses or using their findings in decision-making processes but is also relevant to guideline development agencies, primary qualitative researchers, and implementation scientists and practitioners.
506 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present evidence that measures of social cohesion, such as income inequality and ethnic fractionalization, endogenously determine institutional quality, which in turn causally determines growth.
Abstract: We present evidence that measures of social cohesion, such as income inequality and ethnic fractionalization, endogenously determine institutional quality, which in turn causally determines growth.
505 citations
Authors
Showing all 7881 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Joseph E. Stiglitz | 164 | 1142 | 152469 |
Barry M. Popkin | 157 | 751 | 90453 |
Dan J. Stein | 142 | 1727 | 132718 |
Asli Demirguc-Kunt | 137 | 429 | 78166 |
Elinor Ostrom | 126 | 430 | 104959 |
David Scott | 124 | 1561 | 82554 |
Ross Levine | 122 | 398 | 108067 |
Barry Eichengreen | 116 | 949 | 51073 |
Martin Ravallion | 115 | 570 | 55380 |
Kenneth H. Mayer | 115 | 1351 | 64698 |
Angus Deaton | 110 | 363 | 66325 |
Timothy Besley | 103 | 368 | 45988 |
Lawrence H. Summers | 102 | 285 | 58555 |
Shang-Jin Wei | 101 | 415 | 39112 |
Thorsten Beck | 99 | 373 | 62708 |