Xi'an Jiaotong University

About: Xi'an Jiaotong University is a education organization based out in Xi'an, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Heat transfer & Dielectric. The organization has 85440 authors who have published 99682 publications receiving 1579683 citations. The organization is also known as: '''Xi'an Jiaotong University''' & Xi'an Jiao Tong University.

Risk of childhood undernutrition related to small-for-gestational age and preterm birth in low- and middle-income countries

Abstract: Background Low- and middle-income countries continue to experience a large burden of stunting; 148 million children were estimated to be stunted, around 30–40% of all children in 2011. In many of these countries, foetal growth restriction (FGR) is common, as is subsequent growth faltering in the first 2 years. Although there is agreement that stunting involves both prenatal and postnatal growth failure, the extent to which FGR contributes to stunting and other indicators of nutritional status is uncertain. Methods Using extant longitudinal birth cohorts (n = 19) with data on birthweight, gestational age and child anthropometry (12–60 months), we estimated study-specific and pooled risk estimates of stunting, wasting and underweight by small-for-gestational age (SGA) and preterm birth. Results We grouped children according to four combinations of SGA and gestational age: adequate size-for-gestational age (AGA) and preterm; SGA and term; SGA and preterm; and AGA and term (the reference group). Relative to AGA and term, the OR (95% confidence interval) for stunting associated with AGA and preterm, SGA and term, and SGA and preterm was 1.93 (1.71, 2.18), 2.43 (2.22, 2.66) and 4.51 (3.42, 5.93), respectively. A similar magnitude of risk was also observed for wasting and underweight. Low birthweight was associated with 2.5–3.5-fold higher odds of wasting, stunting and underweight. The population attributable risk for overall SGA for outcomes of childhood stunting and wasting was 20% and 30%, respectively. Conclusions This analysis estimates that childhood undernutrition may have its origins in the foetal period, suggesting a need to intervene early, ideally during pregnancy, with interventions known to reduce FGR and preterm birth.

Moderating Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Market Orientation‐Performance Linkage: Evidence from Chinese Small Firms*

Abstract: Literature revealed that an appropriate alignment between firm strategic orientation and market positioning is critical because of its impact on firm performance. The alignment is especially crucia...

Molecular characterisation of the faecal microbiota in patients with type II diabetes.

Abstract: The investigation provides molecular analyses of the faecal microbiota in type 2 diabetic patients. In order to characterise the gut microbiota in diabetic patients and to assess whether there are changes in the diversity and similarity of gut microbiota in diabetic patients when compared with healthy individuals, bacterial DNAs from 16 type 2 diabetic patients and 12 healthy individuals were extracted from faecal samples and characterised by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) with primers specifically targeting V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene, as well as been sequenced for excised gel bands. The counts of Bacteroides vulgatus, Clostridium leptum subgroup and Bifidobacterium genus were assessed using quantitative PCR. By comparing species diversity profiles of two groups, we observed that there were no significant differences between diabetic and healthy group, although a few diabetic individuals (D6, D8) exhibited a remarkable decrease in species profiles. As for the similarity index, it was lower in inter-group than that in intra-group, which showed that the composition of gut microbiota in diabetic group might be changed due to diabetes status. Sequencing results also revealed that bacterial composition of diabetic group was different from that of the healthy group. B. vulgatus and Bifidobacterium genus were low represented in the microbiota of diabetic group, and the significant decrease was observed for Bifidobacterium by real-time PCR. Taken together, in this work we observed the characterisation of gut microbiota in diabetic patients, which suggests that the gut microbiota of diabetes patients have some changes associated with occurrence and development of diabetes.

Co2+/Co3+ ratio dependence of electromagnetic wave absorption in hierarchical NiCo2O4–CoNiO2 hybrids

Abstract: Amorphous hierarchical NiCo2O4–CoNiO2 hybrids have been successfully fabricated via a facile one-pot hydrothermal route, followed by morphological conversion into urchin-like structured NiCo2O4–CoNiO2 nanorods and irregular-shaped hierarchical NiCo2O4–CoNiO2 polyhedral nanocrystals through air-annealing treatment at 450 °C and 650 °C, respectively. The phase structure, morphology and chemical composition have been characterized in detail. Calcined hierarchical NiCo2O4–CoNiO2 hybrids show improved microwave absorption properties, which are ascribed to the synergistic effect of dielectric CoNiO2 and NiCo2O4 phases. In particular, the calcined hierarchical NiCo2O4–CoNiO2 hybrids at 450 °C exhibit significant enhancement in complex permittivity with respect to others due to their remarkable dipole polarization and interfacial polarization. The maximum reflection loss (RL) of the calcined hierarchical NiCo2O4–CoNiO2 hybrids at 450 °C reaches −42.13 dB at 11.84 GHz with a matching thickness of 1.55 mm, and a relatively broad absorption bandwidth (RL ≤ −10 dB) in the 13.12–17.04 GHz range. Very interestingly, the electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption performance of the hierarchical NiCo2O4–CoNiO2 hybrids shows dependence on the Co2+/Co3+ ratio. The calcined NiCo2O4–CoNiO2 hybrids at 450 °C of the most defect concentration possess the best EM wave absorption ability among all the samples. The results suggest that appropriate interactions between the building blocks in hybrids can guide us to design and fabricate highly efficient EM wave absorption materials.

Core/shell colloidal quantum dot exciplex states for the development of highly efficient quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells.

Abstract: Searching suitable panchromatic QD sensitizers for expanding the light-harvesting range, accelerating charge separation, and retarding charge recombination is an effective way to improve power conversion efficiency (PCE) of quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSCs). One possible way to obtain a wide absorption range is to use the exciplex state of a type-II core/shell-structured QDs. In addition, this system could also provide a fast charge separation and low charge-recombination rate. Herein, we report on using a CdTe/CdSe type-II core/shell QD sensitizer with an absorption range extending into the infrared region because of its exciplex state, which is covalently linked to TiO2 mesoporous electrodes by dropping a bifunctional linker molecule mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-capped QD aqueous solution onto the film electrode. High loading and a uniform distribution of QD sensitizer throughout the film electrode thickness have been confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) elemental mapping. The accelerated...