Showing papers by "Xuzhou Institute of Technology published in 2010"

Effect of nutrient level on phytoplankton community structure in different water bodies

Abstract: Increasing levels of pollution within water bodies can cause eutrophication and an associated rapid growth in and reproduction of phytoplankton. Although most frequently occurring in bodies of water such as lakes and dams, in recent years an increasing number of river systems in China have suffered serious algal blooms. The community structure of phytoplankton may differ, however, dependent on the hydrodynamic conditions and nutrient levels within the water body. The field investigation results obtained from a stagnant river in Suzhou City and Taihu Lake, China, showed that in water with higher concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus, Chlorophyta became the predominant species and in water with lower concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus, Cyanobacteria became the predominant species. Growth experiments with competitive species, Microcystis aeruginosa Kutz and Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.), were conducted at three different nutrient levels. The biomass of algae in pure and mixed cultures was measured under conditions of different N/P ratios at oligotrophic, eutrophic and hypertrophic nutrient levels. The results indicated that the most suitable state for the growth and reproduction of M. aeruginosa and S. quadricauda were eutrophic conditions in both pure and mixed cultures. Under competition, however, the lower medium nutrient levels favoured M. aeruginosa, while the higher medium nutrient levels better suited S. quadricauda. Under similar hydrodynamic conditions, the community structure of phytoplankton in the water body was determined by the dominant species in competition for nutrients.

Weighted Differentiation Composition Operators from Mixed-Norm to Zygmund Spaces

Abstract: Let ϕ be an analytic self-map of the unit disk 𝔻, H(𝔻) the space of analytic functions on 𝔻 and u ∈ H(𝔻). The boundedness and compactness of the weighted differentiation composition operator , where n ∈ ℕ0, from mixed-norm space to the Zygmund spaces, and the little Zygmund spaces are investigated in this article.

Optimum conditions to treat high-concentration microparticle slime water with bioflocculants

Abstract: We studied how bioflocculants, produced by white-rot fungi, affect flocculation in slime water. Based on a test in an orthogonal design, flocculation conditions were optimized. The results show that flocculation activity is at its highest when the following conditions are met: slime water concentration 27.42 g/L; coagulant aid (CaCl2) mass concentration 5.0 g/L; two-segment stirrings: the first at a stirring speed of 60 r/min for 180 s and the second 180 r/min for 60 s; a pH of 11 and a flocculant concentration of 15 mL/L. The flocculation activity can be up to 98.71% of bioflocculants at the time. Further experiments indicate that most of the flocculation active material is found outside the mycelium cells. This is the extracellular secretion produced by mycelium cells during the fermentation process. This flocculant has strong thermal stability. Many kinds of cations have a flocculation function to assist bioflocculants. This aid-flocculation effect of the divalent cation Ca2+ is obvious in the bioflocculant produced by the white-rot fungus. Therefore, this is of great value when applied to control engineering in the battle against water pollution.

On a Li–Stević integral-type operator from Bloch-type spaces into logarithmic Bloch spaces

Abstract: Let ϕ be an analytic self-map of the unit disk 𝔻, H(𝔻) the space of analytic functions on 𝔻 and g∈H(𝔻). Recently Li and Stevic defined the following operator on H(𝔻). The boundedness and compactness of the operator from the Bloch-type spaces into the logarithmic Bloch spaces are investigated in this paper.

Entanglement for a two-parameter class of states in a high-dimension bipartite quantum system

Abstract: The entanglement for a two-parameter class of states in a high-dimension (m ⊗ n, n⩾m⩾3) bipartite quantum System is discussed. The negativity (N) and the relative entropy of entanglement (Er) are calculated, and the analytic expressions are obtained. Finally the relation between the negativity and the relative entropy of entanglement is discussed. The result demonstrates that all PPT states of the two-parameter class of states are separable, and all entangled states are NPT states. Different from the 2 ⊗ n quantum System, the negativity for a two-parameter class of states in high dimension is not always greater than or equal to the relative entropy of entanglement. The more general relation expression is mN/2⩾Er.

Experimental study of the mechanical effects of loading rates on limestone at high temperature

Abstract: The experimental tests for limestone specimens at 200 ℃ in uniaxial compression were carried out to study the mechanical effects of loading rates on limestone using the Rock Mechanics Servo-controlled Testing System MTS810,in which loading rate was treated as a variable.The mechanical properties of limestone such as the stress-strain curve,the variable characteristics of peak strength and the modulus of elasticity of limestone were studied under the loading rates ranging from 0.000 5 mm/s to 5.0 mm/s.The results show that(1) With the rise of the loading rates,the peak strength and elastic modulus of limestone increase sharply from 0.000 5 mm/s to 0.005 mm/s at 200 ℃;bat show downward trend when the loading rates from 0.005 mm/s to 0.5 mm/s;and show increase trend when loading rates over 0.5 mm/s.(2) The peak strain of limestone shows downward trend when the loading rates from 0.000 5 mm/s to 0.005 0mm/s;however,the peak strain increases slowly when the loading rates over 0.005 mm/s.The result can provide valuable references for the rock blasting effect and the rock engineering stability.

Positive solutions to P-Laplacian multi-point BVPs on time scales

Abstract: Abstract. In this paper, we are concerned with the p-Laplacian multi-point boundary value problem with the first-order derivative of the nonlinear term on time scales. Some new sufficient conditions are presented for the existence of at least twin or arbitrary even positive solutions to the multi-point boundary value problem of the p-Laplacian dynamic equation on time scales. In particular, our results are even new for some special cases of differential and difference equations in the general time scale setting. As an application, an example is illustrated at the end of the article.

Theoretical investigation on mechanism for OH-initiated oxidation of CH2=C(CH3)CH2OH

Abstract: The mechanism of the gas-phase reaction OH with CH2=C(CH3)CH2OH (2-methyl-2-propen-1-ol) has been elucidated using high-level ab initio method, i.e., CCSD(T)/6-311++g(d,p)//MP2(full)/6-311++g(d,p). Various possible H-abstraction and addition–elimination pathways are identified. The calculations indicate that the addition–elimination mechanism dominates the OH+MPO221 reaction. The addition reactions between OH radicals and CH2=C(CH3)CH2OH begin with the barrierless formation of a pre-reactive complex in the entrance channel, and subsequently the CH2(OH)C(CH3)CH2OH (IM1) and the CH2C(OH)(CH3)CH2OH (IM2) are formed by OH radicals’ electrophilic additions to the double bond. IM1 can easily rearrange to IM2 via a 1,2-OH migration. Subsequently, rearrangement of IM2 to form (CH3)2C(OH)CH2O (IM11) followed by dissociation to HCHO + (CH3)2COH (P21) is the most favorable pathway. The decomposition of IM2 to CH2OH + CH2=C(OH)CH3 (P16) is the secondary pathway. The other pathways are not expected to play any important role in forming final products.

Theoretical study on the mechanism for the reaction of OH with CH2CHCH2CH2OH

Abstract: The reaction mechanism of OH radicals with CH 2 CHCH 2 CH 2 OH on the ground electronic state has been studied at the QCISD(T)/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory based on the geometric parameters optimized at the MP2(full)/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. Two types of reactions including the hydrogen abstraction and the addition–elimination reaction have been considered. The calculational results indicate that the formations of IM1(CH 2 (OH) CHCH 2 CH 2 OH) and IM2 ( CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 CH 2 OH) in the addition process via van der Waals complex PC3 will be more favorable than the abstraction reactions at room temperature. The formations of P20 (HCHO + CH 3 CH(OH)CH 2 ) and P19 (CH 3 CHOH + CH(OH) CH 2 ) initiated from IM2 will be the most favorable reaction paths, whereas the hydrogen abstraction products of P6 (CH 2 CHCH 2 CHOH(I)) + H 2 O via indirect mechanism and the dissociation products of P11 (CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH + HCHO) via TS7–P11 initiated from IM1 will be the minor ones.

PID parameter optimization using improved genetic algorithm

Abstract: In order to improve the problem of premature and performance of optimization,a hybrid algorithm of particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm is proposed for parameters optimization of PID controller by applying particle swarm optimization to the mutation operation of genetic algorithm.The simulation and experimental results show that the novel algorithm is superior to simple genetic algorithm,can overcome premature phenomena,reduce the influence of random initial population,and improve the convergence precision,which demonstrates the proposed method has better performance of convergence and fine ability of global optimization.

Assessment for Eco-efficiency of Resource-based Cities

Abstract: A resource-based city is typically referred to as the city whose development is highly dependent on exploration of natural resources,and its resource industry is the major part of the whole economic system.During the past decades,resource-based cities have seriously degraded ecology and the environment in the process of exploration and production of natural resources,resulting in big challenges in realizing sustainable development.Some of them have made substantial efforts in enhancing the capability of sustainable development through developing circular economy.In order to make the conditions of developing circular economy more favorable in resource-based cities,a concept of eco-efficiency,considered an appropriate measure of the circular economy,was introduced in this paper.Then,the eco-efficiency of 16 resource-based cities in China in 2007 was estimated with the factor analysis method.Results indicated considerably varying values,showing that the maximum value of Tongchuan City was 3.9 times of the minimum value of Ma'anshan City.The type of resources showed a great impact on the eco-efficiency.The eco-efficiency values decreased in these cities of coal,metal,multi-resource and petroleum in a descending order.The average value of the eco-efficiency of coal cities was estimated to be 1.9 times of that of petroleum cities.Also,they were different in cities with the same resources.For example,the value of Tongchuan with the maximum value was 3.8 times of the value of Yangquan with the minimum value in coal cities.It was also found that the age of these cities has a little effect on their eco-efficiency rather than the location and size showing a great effect.The average value of western resource-based cities was generally higher than was central and eastern cities.Moreover,the living habits and consumption patterns show certain effect on the eco-efficiency.Some cities develop their economy with the patterns of end treatment or source reductions but most cities still with traditional patterns.It was found that they fail to get rid of the traditional patterns.Low reduction levels are frequently accompanied with a small environmental carrying capacity.As such,there is an urgent need to improve the condition of developing circular economy in these resource-based cities.In general,the eco-efficiency of resource-based cities is lower than other cities because of the nature of resource dependence.However,similar conditions are encountered by many cities which need to make great efforts in developing circular economy so as to slow down the trends in increasing the proportion of the heavy industry,address environmental pollution,lessen rapidly increased environmental pressure and improve the environmental efficiency.These work need to be done by both resource-based cities and other cities.

Experimental Research on Thermal Damage Properties of Marble at High Temperature

Abstract: The mechanical properties of marble were studied using the MTS 810 rock mechanics servo-controlled testing system at 800°C.This was done to analyze the stress-strain curve,peak stress,modulus of elasticity of marble.The results show that the peak stress and elastic modulus decrease with the increase of temperature in different degrees,especially the rock mechanical strength will decrease suddenly in different intervals of temperature.Marble ductility increases greatly at 800°C.Based on the strain strength theory and the random statistical distribution hypothesis of rock strength,a statistical constitutive model for rock damage under uniaxial compression,in which the nonlinear relation of unit volume failure or elastic modulus and the temperature are taken into consideration,is established by adopting the damage constitutive theory of continuous medium and then the parameters for statistical damage constitutive model of marble considering temperature effect are given.The achieved theoretical curves by the damage model of marble are in good agreement with the experimental results.Finally,the evolution law of marble on the damage properties is discussed.

Degradation Mechanism and Predicting Models of Shearing Capacity for Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beams

Abstract: The degradation laws of shearing performance for reinforced concrete beams were studied by experiment,and the mechanism was studied,too.Based on the above,the predicting models of shearing capacity varying with the corrosion rate of longitudinal reinforcements and stirrups were set up.

Enzymatic Extraction of Inulin from Burdock (Arctium lappa L.) Root

Abstract: Inulin was extracted by using enzyme hydrolysis method from burdock (Arctium lappa L.) root. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: neutral protease content 13.5 g/100 mL, pH 7, solid/liquid ratio 1:15, hydrolysis time 6 h, temperature 50 ℃. The yield of inulin under the optimum conditions was 14.57%. A 2.5 g/100 mL solution of chitosan in 1% aqueous acetic acid was prepared which contained 7.5 mg/ml of neutral protease, and then it was poured, dropwise, into a suspension medium consisting of 40% formaldehyde and 2 mol/L of NaOH at the volume ratio of 2:3 at 60℃ and pH 7.5. The immobilization time was 8 h. And the recovery of enzyme activity was 39.13%. The optimum extraction conditions using immobilized enzyme were as follows: pH 7, solid/liquid ratio 1:15, hydrolysis temperature 60 ℃, immobilized enzyme 13.5 g/100 mL. Under such conditions ,the yield of inulin was 12.89%. After 10 times continuous reaction, the yield of inulin decreased to 9.42%, which indicated that the stability of the immobilized enzyme was significantly improved.

Notice of Retraction The Comprehensive Information Emotion Theory--An Analysis on the Framework

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to establish the framework for the Comprehensive Information Emotion Theory(abbreviated for CIET) in which, after absorbing the latest research fruit of the comprehensive information theory and the emotional cognition theory, the author offered the definitions of the priori comprehensive information-knowledge of the subject and the posterior comprehensive information-knowledge of the subject and introduced the first and the second fundamental theorems of the CIET, from which this paper revealed the complex emotional variations are determined by the deviations of man's cognition(comprehensive information and knowledge), environment(nature and society), and physiological factors. The comprehensive emotional demonstration agrees with the theorem of the weighted linear stacking. The three principles of the CIET-the formative perception principle of the comprehensive information-knowledge of feeling, the content evaluation principle of the comprehensive information-knowledge of emotion, the utility value principle of the comprehensive information-knowledge of affection-was proposed from a new viewing angle, studying the integrative theory of the combination of emotion and cognition.

[Ultrasound-assisted subcritical water extraction of proanthocyanidins from defatted grape seed and its antioxidant activity].

Abstract: OBJECTIVE To optimize the the ultrasound-assisted subcritical water extraction (USWE) parameters of proanthocyanidins from defatted grape seed, study antioxidant activity of proanthocyanidins and compare the effects of USWE and other extraction techniques. METHOD The 2 L equipment of USWE was designed and used to extract the proanthocyanidins. The factors including extraction temperature, extraction time and extraction pressure were studied. The best extraction condition was found through the response surface design. Antioxidant activity of proanthocyanidins was studied by its DPPH free radical and NaNO2 scavenging action. RESULT The USWE parameters were extraction temperature 145 degrees C, extraction time 18 min, extraction pressure 14 MPa and the extraction yield (EY) was 4.05% under this extraction condition. The proanthocyanidins extracted under this optimized extraction condition had better scavenging action on DPPH free radical and NaNO2. As compared with the conventional soxhlet's extraction and heat reflux extraction, the USWE cost less extraction time, and possessed high efficiency and so on. CONCLUSION The extraction technology of USWE is highly feasible to extract proanthocyanidins from defatted grape seed.

Existence of Positive Solutions to a Singular p-Laplacian Dynamic Equation with Sign Changing Nonlinearity

Abstract: Concerned with the following m-point singular p-Laplacian dynamic equation (φp(u'(t)))'+q(t)f(t,u(t))=0,t∈(0,1),u(0)=0,φp(u'(1))=∑m-2i=1ψi(u'(ξi)),where φp(s)=|s|p-2s,p1,ψi:R→Ris continuous and nondecreasing,0ξ1ξ2…ξm-21The nonlinearity term is allowed to change signBy using the Schauder fixed point theorem together with the upper and lower solutions method,some existence criteria are established for positive solutions of the boundary value problemAs an application,an example is given to illustrate these results

Extraction of proanthocyanidins from grape seeds with ultrasonic wave

Abstract: Firstly ultrasound extraction(UE)parameters of proanthocyanidins from grape seed were optimizated.And then,the effects of UE and other extraction techniques were compared.The result showed that the ultrasound extraction parameters were ethanol concentration 70%,solvent to material ratio 18:1、ultrasound power 600W,extraction time 50min,duty ratio 5/5,extraction temperature 70℃,and EY was 3.424% under this extraction condition.Compared with other extraction techniques,UE had higher extraction yield and shorter extraction time.

Generation of Cluster-Type Entangled Coherent States via Cavity QED

Abstract: In this paper, we present a scheme for generating cluster-type entangled coherent states via cavity QED. The scheme is based on the off-resonant interaction between one atom and N cavities, so the spontaneous emission of the atom can be ignored. The initial states of the N cavities are all prepared in vacuum states. We also discuss the experimental feasibility.

Preparation and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Flammulina velutipes Polysaccharide/Fe(II) Chelate

Abstract: In this study,the optimal conditions for the chelating reaction between Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide and Fe(Ⅱ) for achieving maximum chelating degree were investigated using single-factor method and response surface analysis,and evaluation of antioxidant activity of the obtained Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide/Fe(Ⅱ) chelate was performed. A maximum chelating degree of 86.21% was achieved when the reaction between Fe(Ⅱ) with an initial concentration of 6 mg/mL and Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide (3.54:1,mg/mg) was allowed to proceed for 6 h. Moreover,the antioxidant activity evaluation indicated that the abilities of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide to scavenge hydroxyl and DPPH free radicals and the inhibitory effect against lecithin peroxidation were all improved after the chelation with Fe(Ⅱ).

Fractal description of porosity and specific surface area for porous media of graphite

Abstract: The fractal model of graphite porous media was established to accurately describe the pore structure.The relationships among porosity,specific surface area and equal portion(m),number of subtracted cubes(n),iteration times(i) were deduced from Menger model.The simulation was influenced by the parameters of m,n and i and the effects of parameters were discussed.Mercury injection test was carried out to validate the fractal equations.The experimental results show that the fractal dimensionality of graphite range from 2.68 to 2.92 and close to 2.73(the fractal dimension of Menger sponge model).The experimental data have agreement well with theoretical values.Consequently,fractal theory is an available method to investigate the porosity and the specific surface area for graphite porous media.

Hybrid genetic algorithm and application to PID controllers

Abstract: In order to overcome simple genetic algorithm detects of worse local searching ability and premature convergence, a hybrid genetic algorithm was proposed. The novel algorithm was based on particle swarm optimization and interval algorithm, and applied to parameters optimization of PID controllers by applying particle swarm optimization to the mutation operation, and employing interval algorithm in population initialization of genetic algorithm. The simulation and experimental results show that the novel algorithm is superior to simple genetic algorithm, can overcome premature phenomena, improve the convergence precision and speed, reduce the influence of random initial population, and has advantages such as excellent optimization ability, high rate of convergence and good stability.

Anisotropic HDDR-treated Nd 2 Fe 14 B-type powder

Abstract: Effects of the wheel speeds v and disproportionation time during the SC-HDDR process on the properties of Nd-Fe-B magnetic powders are investigated. It is found that the remanence Br, coercivity Hcj and energy products (BH)max of magnetic powders all first increase to the maximum at v=3 m/s, and then decrease with enhancing v. This is attributed to the fact that the SC alloy flakes prepared by the wheel speed of 3 m/s display the optimized microstructure. This optimized SC alloy flakes without homogenizing treatment which carried out a short duration disproportionation treatment can prepare the evidently anisotropic powders. With prolonging disproportionation time, the alignment degree of anisotropy of magnetic powders gradually decreases. This is due to the fact that a short duration disproportionation reaction is beneficial to the disproportionated microstructure displaying the lamella crystals, and the lamella disproportionated microstructure is helpful to the formation of anisotropy. Our results confirm that the anisotropic HDDR Nd-Fe-B magnetic powders prepared directly from the SC alloy flakes without homogenizing treatment can be obtained.

Design of Automatic Irrigation System Based on ZigBee and Fuzzy Control Strategy

Abstract: Water-saving irrigation is affected by a variety of factors.So it is difficult to establish a precise control model.In order to realize automatic,real-time and suitable irrigation,an automatic irrigation system based on ZigBee and fuzzy control strategy is designed.The system collects soil water potential and environmental meteorological information through ZigBee wireless sensor networks,chooses farmland evapotranspiration and soil water potential as input while crop water requirement as output,uses fuzzy inference rules and piecewise fuzzy control strategy to obtain crop water requirement and form intelligent irrigation system,adopts ARM9 microprocessor and develops network node based on embedded Linux to realize convergence of data and remote data and command forwarding of GPRS communication mode.The test results indicate that the system can calculate crop water requirement quickly and accurately,and realize automatic water-saving irrigation effectively.It is also economical and practical,especially suitable for fine irrigation in small and medium scale irrigation areas.

Technological study on synergistic extraction of celery flavonoids by ultrasonic wave and microwave

Abstract: Synergistic extraction technology of celery flavonoids was studied by using ultrasound wave and microwave synergistic extraction equipment.Effects of ethanol concentration,ratio of liquid to material,microwave power,extraction time,and ultrasound wave on extraction yield of celery flavonoids were investigated through single factor and orthogonal tests.The optimum extraction conditions for celery flavonoids were identified as the follows:80%ethanol(V/V) as solvent,ratio of liquid to material 30:1(mL/g),microwave power as 600W,synergistic extraction time 240swith ultrasound wave and microwave with the material of far-infrared celery powder.The extraction ratio of celery total flavonoids and apigenin were up to 1.051%and 14.156μg/g separately,which was larger than that of refluence extraction for 6h.All these results indicate that ultrasound wave and microwave synergistic extraction is a simple,rapid and efficient method.