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Showing papers by "Yonsei University published in 1991"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings indicate that mutations of the p53 gene are relatively rare in primary gastric tumors but appear to be relatively frequent in cell lines derived from metastatic lesions.
Abstract: We explored the state of the p53 gene in gastric cancer. Using one or more methods, we examined 15 specimens from primary carcinomas (14 tumors, one cell line), five cell lines derived from metastases, and seven paired samples of nonmalignant gastric mucosa. Sequence analyses of complementary DNA containing the entire p53 gene open reading frame demonstrated abnormalities in one of five samples from primary tumors and in all five samples from metastases. The single cell line derived from a primary carcinoma had no abnormality of the gene. The six abnormalities included four point mutations, one base-pair deletion resulting in a frame shift, and a 24 base-pair deletion caused by an intronic point mutation (as determined by sequence analysis of genomic DNA). Four of the six mutations mapped to regions highly conserved among species or involved in simian virus 40 T-antigen binding. Restriction fragment length polymorphism studies confirmed that chromosome 17p allelic deletions occur only in a minority of primary tumors, but that they may occur more frequently in metastases. Northern blotting and ribonuclease protection assays detected only a fraction of the p53 gene abnormalities detected by sequencing. Our findings indicate that mutations of the p53 gene are relatively rare in primary gastric tumors but appear to be relatively frequent in cell lines derived from metastatic lesions. Our results may help in understanding the molecular events associated with progression and metastasis in gastric carcinoma.

128 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The prevalence of PSGN, which was greater than 25% during the 1973-1982 period, decreased abruptly in children thereafter, whereas the prevalence of FSGS increased slowly since the 1988-1992 period in both adults and children.
Abstract: To evaluate the distribution and changing patterns of renal diseases in Korea, a total of 4,514 cases of renal biopsy collected over a 23-year period between 1973 and 1995 were reviewed. Of 4,200 cases excluding 314 unsatisfactory biopsies, adult cases comprised 59.5% and pediatric cases, 40.5%. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1 in adults and 2.2:1 in children. Glomerulonephritis (GN) comprised 80.0% of the total. The most common primary GN in adults was minimal change disease (MCD) (26.6%), followed by IgA nephropathy (IgAN) (22.1%), membranous GN (MGN) (11.8%), and membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) (5.9%). In children, the primary GN incidence rates were MCD (24.8%), IgAN (10.3%), poststreptococcal (including postinfectious) GN (PSGN) (8.6%), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (4.0%). The most common secondary GN in adults was lupus nephritis and in children Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis. The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome was MCD in both adults and children, followed by MGN and FSGS. The elderly, aged sixty years and older, comprised 2.7% of cases and recorded equal numbers of MCD and MGN. The proportion of the biopsies found to be seropositive for HBs antigen was 27.9%, and these showed either MGN or MPGN pattern. Repeat biopsy was performed in 168 patients, due to previous biopsy failure in 15.5%. When the primary GN cases were analyzed at 5-year intervals, the prevalence of PSGN, which was greater than 25% during the 1973-1982 period, decreased abruptly in children thereafter, whereas the prevalence of FSGS increased slowly since the 1988-1992 period in both adults and children. The decrease of PSGN and the increase of FSGS suggest a role for socioeconomic and environmental factors in Korea.

114 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The complexes MHCl(CO) (AsPh3)3 (1: M=Ru and 2: M = Os) as mentioned in this paper readily react with Ph2PCH2CH2AsPh2 (Arphos) and with acetic acid to produce MCl( CO) (OCOMe)(AsPh 3)2 (5: M-Ru and 6: O-Os).
Abstract: The complexes MHCl(CO)(AsPh3)3 (1: M=Ru and2: M=Os) readily react with Ph2PCH2CH2AsPh2 (Arphos) to yield MHCl(CO) (AsPh3) (Arphos) (3: M=Ru and4: M=Os) and with acetic acid to produce MCl(CO) (OCOMe) (AsPh3)2 (5: M=Ru and6: M=Os); the new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, i.r. and1H n.m.r. spectroscopy. Complexes (1−6) are efficient catalyst precursors for the homogeneous hydrogenation of the C=O bond of propionaldehyde under moderate reaction conditions; some relations between structures and catalytic activities are described, as well as comparisons with analogous systems containing phosphine ligands.

98 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Sung-Youn Kim1, Young-Keun Park1, Dae Hee Youn1, W.K. Kim1, B.K. Yoo 
01 Aug 1991
TL;DR: In this paper, a bit rate reduction algorithm for use in digital VCRs, based on block scrambling and the two-dimensional adaptive discrete cosine transform, is described. But this method is not suitable for video transcoding.
Abstract: The authors describe a bit rate reduction algorithm for use in digital VCRs, based on block scrambling and the two-dimensional adaptive discrete cosine transform. This method satisfies many of the demands unique to digital VCRs. Before the encoding process, the input image is divided into 8*8 pixel blocks and then scrambled on a block-by-block basis to achieve efficient bit distribution in a frame and to simplify buffer control strategy. In addition to block scrambling, a simple yet efficient variable length coding method is proposed. Simulation results are presented. >

84 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An improved method is presented for describing the apparent intrinsic pore properties of ultrafiltration membrane from solute rejection curves, which shows that the plugging of membrane pores by the solute and the deformation of solute due to the variation of pressure and feed concentration does not affect the pore property parameters.
Abstract: An improved method is presented for describing the apparent intrinsic pore properties (mean pore size and pore size distribution) of ultrafiltration membrane from solute rejection curves To obtain the apparent intrinsic pore properties, firstly the mean pore diameter is determined from the solute rejection curve by correcting the steric and hydrodynamic hindrance effect of pores on molecules, and secondly the effects of operating conditions (pressure, feed concentration and recirculation velocity) on the pore properties are examined by ultrafiltration of seven solutes using SEPA-PS-0 membrane and are eliminated by extrapolating to “zero” operating conditionsThe pore property parameters (μ, Dp and θ) obtained from the solute rejection curve are affected by two factors: 1) the plugging of membrane pores by the solute and 2) the deformation of solute due to the variation of pressure and feed concentration But the recirculation velocity does not affect the pore property parameters the mean pore diameter is about 60 A and the pore diameter distribution range is from 30 A to 103 A for SEPA-PS-0 membrane at the “zero” operating condition state

80 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Intraoperative expansion of the skin flap and postoperative external ear molding also were performed to create aesthetically pleasing ears.
Abstract: A single-stage two-flap method of total ear reconstruction in congenital microtia is reported. This method was derived from the one-stage reconstruction described by Song and Song. Two flaps defined by vascular basis were elevated on the mastoid area: the superficial skin flap supplied mainly by subcutaneous pedicled arteriole perforators from the posterior auricular artery and the deeper axial-pattern fascial flap including the posterior auricular artery itself. The ear framework, exaggeratedly carved using autologous rib cartilage, could be inserted easily between the two flaps, simultaneously producing the auriculocephalic angle and the conchal wall. Intraoperative expansion of the skin flap and postoperative external ear molding also were performed to create aesthetically pleasing ears.

69 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The application of angiogenic factors may improve the survival of the random portion of skin flaps and to accelerate the process of staged flap transfer in Sprague-Dawley rats.

68 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Isometric and isokinetic torques of bilateral quadriceps and hamstrings were measured with Isokinetic Rehabilitation and Testing System on 40 normal untrained subjects and showed no significant differences between dominant (right) and nondominant (left) limbs in both sexes; however there weresignificant differences between the male and the female.
Abstract: Isometric and isokinetic torques of bilateral quadriceps and hamstrings were measured with Isokinetic Rehabilitation and Testing System (Model No. Cybex 340) on 40 normal untrained subjects, 20 males and 20 females, ranging between the ages of 23 and 35 years. The mean peak isometric and isokinetic torque values of both muscle groups showed no significant differences between dominant (right) and nondominant (left) limbs in both sexes; however there were significant differences between the male and the female. As the angular velocity increased, the peak torque significantly decreased, and the point of peak torque output occurred significantly later in the range of motion for quadriceps and hamstrings (p less than 0.01). There were no significant changes in the hamstrings to quadriceps (H/Q) ratios as the angular velocity increased. However, there were significant differences of mean H/Q ratio between male and female (p less than 0.01). Height had significant positive correlation with peak isometric and isokinetic torques for both quadriceps and hamstrings (p less than 0.01). Weight was found to correlate significantly with peak isometric and isokinetic torques (p less than 0.01). The mean isometric torques were significantly higher than the mean isokinetic torques for any joint angles in both sexes (p less than .01).

58 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that reactive dyes could induce immunologic responses, most likely IgE-mediated, in type 1 hypersensitivity employees working in a reactive-dye industry.
Abstract: To evaluate type 1 hypersensitivity to reactive dyes, its prevalence, and its relationship to respiratory dysfunction, we studied clinical and immunologic features, including skin prick tests RAST, and bronchoprovocation tests, of 309 employees working in a reactive-dye industry Our survey revealed that 78 (252%) employees had work-related lower respiratory symptoms associated with or without nasal, skin, or eye symptoms Among these employees, 38 (487%) had nonspecific bronchial reactivity Thirteen demonstrated immediate (6), dual (6), or late only (1) asthmatic responses after inhalation of four kinds of reactive-dye solutions Twenty-five employees demonstrated immediate skin responses to black GR dye, and 21 reacted to orange 3R Fifty-three employees (17%) had specific serum IgE antibody against black GR and orange 3R-human serum albumin conjugate Specific IgE was detected more frequently in symptomatic employees (30%) and smokers (100%) No association was found between atopy and specific IgE binding The RAST-inhibition tests of black GR revealed significant inhibitions by black GR-human serum albumin conjugate and minimal inhibitions by unconjugated black GR Orange 3R RAST-inhibition tests revealed significant inhibitions by conjugated forms of black GR and orange 3R and some inhibitions by two unconjugated dyes, suggesting an immunologic cross-reactivity between these dyes These findings suggested that reactive dyes could induce immunologic responses, most likely IgE-mediated

58 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Kyu-Taik Sung1
TL;DR: K Koreans' resilient family networks and their nationwide efforts to develop services for the elderly and to preserve the tradition of at-home parent caring are discussed.
Abstract: Little has been written about informal support of elderly people in Korea, an East Asian nation with a long tradition of family-centered parent care. Based on data on 450 elderly persons, this paper reports on the patterns of informal support networks of the elderly and support relationships in these networks. Koreans' resilient family networks and their nationwide efforts to develop services for the elderly and to preserve the tradition of at-home parent caring are discussed.

49 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In order to determine the vector species of tsutsugamushi disease in Korea, chiggers were individually dissected, and internal contents were tested for Rickettsia tsutsUGamushi organisms by means of indirect FA test, and each exoskeleton was mounted on slide for identification.
Abstract: In order to determine the vector species of tsutsugamushi disease in Korea, chiggers were individually dissected, and internal contents were tested for Rickettsia tsutsugamushi organisms by means of indirect FA test, and each exoskeleton was mounted on slide for identification. Among 4,142 chiggers collected from 48 Apodemus agrarius at nine different localities during the period of July-November, 1989, 990 chiggers of 10 species of Trombiculidae were dissected and tested. Rickettsiae were confirmed in two Leptotrombidium pallidum larvae out of 447 tested, giving 0.4% of the infection rate. The chiggers of the other species tested were found negative.

Journal Article
TL;DR: Considering the rapid disappearance of the P GL-I antigen and steady decrease in anti-PGL-I IgM antibodies following chemotherapy, the PGL-I-based serology may be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment, at both the early and late stages, in leprosy patients whose initial sera contain a significant level of PGL -I antigen or antibodies.
Abstract: Since phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) is an unequivocal marker of Mycobacterium leprae, the antigen has been a good candidate for the serodiagnosis and monitoring the effectiveness of leprosy chemotherapy. As an effort to define the kinetics of the PGL-I antigen and its antibodies in leprosy patients, this study was initiated to examine the serum specimens obtained serially from lepromatous patients under chemotherapy trials. PGL-I was detectable in 64 (94.1%) of 68 new lepromatous (bacterial index, BI = 3.2 to 5.8) and in 26 (78.8%) of 33 relapsed lepromatous patients (BI = 3.0 to 5.3). Meanwhile, virtually all of the new and relapsed patients were strongly seropositive to PGL-I. PGL-I was not detectable in any of the patients about 18 months after chemotherapy was initiated; however, anti-PGL-I reactivity declined by 50% at 2 years and by about 70% at 5 years after chemotherapy regardless of the drug regimens under study. Considering the rapid disappearance of the PGL-I antigen and steady decrease in anti-PGL-I IgM antibodies following chemotherapy, the PGL-I-based serology may be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment, at both the early and late stages, in leprosy patients whose initial sera contain a significant level of PGL-I antigen or antibodies.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results suggest that rates of depression in Asia may not be much lower than those reported in Western countries, and differences in symptoms were noted.
Abstract: This study used standardized diagnostic criteria and method to investigate both prevalence rates and nature of symptoms of depressive disorders in three Asian centres - Nagasaki, Shanghai and Seoul. Of the patients who visited a psychiatric clinic in each of the 3 centres for the first time, over 20% suffered from depression. Unlike previous reported prevalence rates for Asian countries, these results suggest that rates in Asia may not be much lower than those reported in Western countries. Although prevalence rates of depression were similar in all 3 centres, differences in symptoms were noted.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1991-Cancer
TL;DR: Internal radiation therapy with subsegmental arterial injection of iodine 131(131I)‐labeled iodized oil (Lipiodol) was evaluated in patients with nodular hepatocellular carcinoma and provided long‐term local control without complications related to the thyroid, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and bone marrow.
Abstract: Internal radiation therapy with subsegmental arterial injection of iodine 131(131I)-labeled iodized oil (Lipiodol; Laboratorie, Guerbet, France) was evaluated in 24 patients with nodular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranging from 2.5 to 8.0 cm in size. 131I Lipiodol (555 to 2220 MBq in 3 to 8 ml) was injected depending on the tumor size. Tumor reduction was seen in 88.9% of tumors smaller than 4.0 cm in diameter, 65.5% of tumors between 4.1 to 6.0 cm, and 25.0% of tumors larger than 5.1 cm. The tumor size reduction corresponded to the gradual drop of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels and devascularization on follow-up angiography. Adverse reactions from treatment included fever, mild abdominal pain, nausea, and elevation of transaminases. These were mild and well tolerated by patients. This method provided long-term local control without complications related to the thyroid, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and bone marrow.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A thin, prefabricated abdominal free flap was successfully transferred for facial resurfacing in humans using a fasciovascular pedicle developed in a rat model to determine if it could be used as a “universal carrier” to revascularize a new composite flap.
Abstract: A fasciovascular pedicle based on the epigastric vessels was developed in a rat model to determine if it could be used as a "universal carrier" to revascularize a new composite flap. The effects of time course, carrier size, and flap ischemia on the revascularization process were studied. A 2.5 x 4-cm or 1 x 4-cm fascial patch pedicled on the vessels was transferred under bipedicled 2.5 x 4-, 6-, or 8-cm abdominal panniculocutaneous flaps. At different time intervals, the flap was raised as an island flap connected only by it vascular bundle and then sutured back in place. The skin perfusion by dermofluorometry and flap survival were both markedly increased on day 5 (p less than 0.001). The wide carrier had a 93% survival area, whereas the narrow carrier had only 71%. The wide carrier induced relatively faster and better revascularization (p less than 0.05). Moderate ischemia promoted revascularization (p less than 0.01). An india ink injection study and histological examination provided visual evidence of revascularization. This fasciovascular pedicle is a promising model for prefabrication of complex new composite flaps and for studying the process of revascularization between the layers. Based on these findings and further investigations, a thin, prefabricated abdominal free flap was successfully transferred for facial resurfacing in humans.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Four patients were seen with neurilemmoma which arose in the cervical vagus nerve, and it would appear that an intracapsular enucleation may be advisable for clearance of this kind of tumor.
Abstract: Four patients were seen with neurilemmoma which arose in the cervical vagus nerve. Three tumors arose in the upper third of the lateral neck, and the remaining one in the lower third. Lateral neck mass was a prominent symptom in 3 patients, and parapharyngeal mass in the remaining one. The parapharyngeal mass bulged into the oropharynx in the tonsillar and retrotonsillar region and caused mild swallowing difficulty. Complete surgical extirpation by means of intracapsular enucleation was possible in all 4 patients. All patients remained free of disease for periods ranging from 15 to 75 months following surgery. It would appear that an intracapsular enucleation may be advisable for clearance of this kind of tumor.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the complex variable approach to solve Hubert problems, and the results were used to obtain thermal stress intensity factors in an infinite two-dimensional elastic bimaterial.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A total of 57 consecutive patients submitted to mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours in ICU were studied to investigate the incidence, etiology and consequence of ventilator associated pneumonia.
Abstract: Nosocomial pneumonia is a common complication of mechanical ventilation. However the actual incidence of pneumonia associated with ventilator is not known. A total of 57 consecutive patients submitted to mechanical ventilation(MV) for mqre than 48 hours in ICU were studied to investigate the incidence, etiology and consequence of ventilator associated pneumonia. Pneumonia was diagnosed when new and persistent radiographic infiltration was detected together with more than two of the following criteria; (l) fever more than 38℃, (2) leukocytosis more than 12000/mm, (3) purulent sputum with s gram stain showing bacteria. The results are as following: l) Twenty-one(37.9%) patients developed bacterial pneumonia during mechanical ventilation 2) Ventilator associated pneumonia was developed after 4.6 days of machanical ventilation 3) The etiology of pneumonia were Gram(-) bacilli 65.8%, Gram(+) bacilli 31.7% and, Pseudomonas 27.9%, Streptococcus 16.5% and or, Staphylococcus 13.9%.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Among the four variants of thymic carcinoma, squamous carcinomas were less aggressive and had less tendency to develop necrosis than the others, while the undifferentiated and basaloid variants showed more aggressive behavior.
Abstract: Computed tomography of five cases of thymic carcinoma was reviewed. The subtypes of thymic carcinoma were squamous (two cases), lymphoepithelioma-like (one case), undifferentiated (one case), and basaloid (one case). The patients ranged from 52 to 72 years of age. Computed tomography showed anterior mediastinal tumors infiltrating along the pleura or mediastinum with frequent internal necrosis or calcifications. The three nonsquamous cell cases developed extrathymic metastases to the mediastinal lymph nodes, lung, or chest wall. Although the CT features of thymic carcinomas were similar to those of invasive thymoma, the former showed more aggressive behavior. Among the four variants of thymic carcinoma, squamous carcinomas were less aggressive and had less tendency to develop necrosis than the others.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The cases of forty patients who were operated on consecutively for palsy of the posterior interosseous nerve were analyzed, finding that persistent paralysis (partial or cornplete) was the only indication for operation.
Abstract: The cases of forty patients who were operated on consecutively for palsy of the posterior interosseous nerve were analyzed. The injury was iatrogenic in sixteen patients, traumatic in fifteen, and nontraumatic in nine. Persistent paralysis (partial or cornplete) was the only indication for operation. Operative neurolysis was done in twenty-three patients; interfascicular nerve-grafting, in twelve; internal neurolysis, in one; and tendon transfer, in four. An excellent or good functional result was documented for all but three patients, of whom two had had neurolysis and one, nerve-

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that the simple Knight-Kim back brace was valuable for postoperative immobilization and state of bony union did not always correlate with the clinical symptoms.
Abstract: We evaluated the clinical and radiologic results and the immobilizing effect of the Knight-Kim brace for bony union in 75 consecutive cases of spondylolisthesis treated by anterior interbody fusion. The fifth lumbar vertebra was the most common site involved (55%). The patients were followed for a minimum of 2 1/2 years (range: 2 1/2 to 14; average: 4.5). All cases were approached retroperitoneally, and autogenous bone graft was obtained from the iliac crest. The donor site was reconstructed by polymethylmethacrylate bone cement. Among the 75 cases of grade I, II, and III slippage according to Meyerding's grading system, 58 cases (77%) showed complete bony union after 1 year follow up. Excellent and good clinical results were obtained in 65 cases (87%) at 1 year postoperatively. The state of bony union did not always correlate with the clinical symptoms. We conclude that the simple Knight-Kim back brace was valuable for postoperative immobilization.

Journal ArticleDOI
Seung Hun Lee1, Eung Ho Choi1, Won Soo Lee1, Won Hyoung Kang1, Dongsik Bang1 
TL;DR: In an electron microscopic study, it was found that transitional cells between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum that were increased in CRP supported the suggestion that this is a defect of keratinization.
Abstract: The clinical, histopathological, and electron microscopic features of ten patients with confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CRP) of Gougerot and Carteaud were studied. Histopathologically, hyperkeratosis, decreased granular layer, irregular papillomatosis, and hypermelanosis of the basal layer were present. In an electron microscopic study, we found transitional cells between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum that were increased in CRP. This finding supported the suggestion that this is a defect of keratinization.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recurrent eruption resulted in severe scarring of the face and a flexion contracture of the finger in the patient with hydroa vacciniforme.
Abstract: Hydroa vacciniforme is a rare, chronic, photosensitive disorder manifested in childhood by recurrent vesicles that heal with scarring. Reproduction of vesicles with repetitive UVA phototesting may be an important diagnostic aid. Recurrent eruption resulted in severe scarring of the face and a flexion contracture of the finger in our patient, The clinical features and laboratory evaluation of hydroa vacciniforme are reviewed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The experience with fibrin adhesive suggests that it is a valuable adjuvant to various microneurosurgical procedures, and it may be potentially useful for protection of major cerebral veins and venous sinuses during cerebral retraction.
Abstract: We have tried fibrin adhesive, which mimics the end stage of plasmatic coagulation, in 26 patients with various neurosurgical problems such as: repair of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, sealing of the vascular anastomosis sites, reinforcements of aneurysmal clippings, and hemostasis after resection of brain tumors. Presented in this report are 11 intracranial aneurysms, 11 brain tumors, 2 lipomyelo-meningoceles, and one each of cerebral arteriovenous malformation and torn dura resulting from a mastoidectomy. Procedures which seemed to be impossible or very difficult by conventional neurosurgical techniques could be accomplished in all cases without any complication. Our experience with fibrin adhesive suggests that it is a valuable adjuvant to various microneurosurgical procedures, and it may be potentially useful for protection of major cerebral veins and venous sinuses during cerebral retraction.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a greater part of ingested maltitol is fermented by intestinal microbes than is hydrolyzed by digestive enzymes, and the available energy is much lower than that of digestible sugars such as sucrose.
Abstract: Six healthy male subjects were given a single oral dose of 0.4 g of maltitol per kg body weight containing [U-14C]-maltitol (50 microCi) and their breath, urine, feces and blood were collected at appropriate intervals for 48 h to measure the recovery of administered radioactivity. Further, to measure breath hydrogen, 15 healthy male subjects ingested 30 g of maltitol and samples of their breath were collected for a 10-h period. The expired 14CO2 showed a wide peak about 3 h after ingestion and 56% of the administered radioactivity was recovered in 48 h. An additional 0.2% of administered radioactivity was recovered as expired 14CH4, 2.6% in urine and 14.3% in feces, respectively. The obvious increase of breath hydrogen was detected at 1 h after maltitol ingestion and then a big peak at 3.5 h, whereas maltose ingestion did not increase breath hydrogen. Both excretion profiles of breath 14CO2 and hydrogen coincided well. These results demonstrate that a greater part of ingested maltitol is fermented by intestinal microbes than is hydrolyzed by digestive enzymes. Although maltitol is catabolized to carbon dioxide via intestinal microbes, the available energy is much lower than that of digestible sugars such as sucrose.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The immunoperoxidase technique revealed higher reactivity than the FTA-ABS complement technique and darkfield examination in detecting Treponema pallidum in tissues, and the ABC technique produced less intense nonspecific background staining than the IIP technique.
Abstract: With 37 formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded specimens from the lesions of 30 patients with primary, secondary or gastric syphilis, we performed avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC), indirect immunoperoxidase (IIP) and FTA-ABS complement techniques. Darkfield examination was done in 17 skin lesions. The immunoperoxidase technique, especially the ABC technique, revealed higher reactivity than the FTA-ABS complement technique and darkfield examination in detecting Treponema pallidum in tissues. Furthermore, the ABC technique produced less intense nonspecific background staining than the IIP technique. Histologically, most of the treponemes were located in the upper dermis, epidermis and vessel walls in the order named, and rarely in the lower dermis of the syphilitic skin lesions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the characteristics of BiSr-Ca-Cu-O superconductors have been investigated as a function of the amount of Pb addition up to x=0.3 in (Bi1−xPbx)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy.
Abstract: The characteristics of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductors have been investigated as a function of the amount of Pb addition. The volume fraction of the high-T c phase increases with increasing Pb addition up to x=0.3 in (Bi1−xPbx)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy and above that it decreases. The grain size is increased and density is decreased with increasing Pb addition, due to two-dimensional grain growth which results from formation of the high-T c phase. The specimen with x=0.3 has a transition temperature of 104 K and high magnetic susceptibility due to the fact that most of the volume fraction is of the high-T c phase. Pb addition cause formation of Ca2PbO4 as a secondary phase and it produces a partially melted liquid phase below the sintering temperature, which acts as a flux and promotes formation of the high-T c phase.

Journal ArticleDOI
Jongmin Lee1, Kim Mj, Yoo Ks, Suh Jh, Leong Hj 
TL;DR: On CT the tumors were multilobulated, flat, and pancake-like, with enhancing solid and multicystic densities, useful in the preoperative diagnosis of omental leiomyosarcoma.
Abstract: Three cases of primary leiomyosarcoma arising from the greater omentum are described. On CT the tumors were multilobulated, flat, and pancake-like, with enhancing solid and multicystic densities. The masses in all cases were located in the most anterior part of peritoneal cavity. These CT findings are useful in the preoperative diagnosis of omental leiomyosarcoma.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggested that the existence of specific IgG to Black GR HSA might represent a response to BlackGR exposure and be closely related with work‐related respiratory symptoms.
Abstract: Summary To evaluate the significance of specific IgG and specific IgG4 in the development of work-related respiratory symptoms, specific IgG and specific IgG4 to Black GR-human serum albumin (HSA) conjugate were measured by ELISA in 309 dye-exposed workers and 63 unexposed patients as negative controls. A survey revealed that 78 (25.2%) had work-related lower respiratory symptoms with or without nasal, skin or eye symptoms. Specific IgG and specific IgG4 were detected in 23% and 14% of the exposed workers, respectively. The prevalence of specific IgG and specific IgG4 was significantly higher in smokers and workers with specific IgE or those with lower respiratory symptoms (P < 0.05), but was not associated with work station, duration of dye exposure or atopy. These results suggested that the existence of specific IgG to Black GR HSA might represent a response to Black GR exposure and be closely related with work-related respiratory symptoms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Thirty‐six patients with vitiligo were treated with oral 5‐methoxypsoralen (5‐MOP) and subsequently exposed to UVA irradiation and the amount of exposure to U VA light was slowly increased according to the patient's tolerance.
Abstract: Thirty-six patients with vitiligo were treated with oral 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) and subsequently exposed to UVA irradiation. The patients were treated once or twice weekly over a period of 2-10 months, taking 40-60 mg of 5-MOP 2 hours before exposure to UVA light. The amount of exposure to UVA light was slowly increased according to the patient's tolerance. Eleven (31%) patients showed remarkable repigmentation of the areas of vitiligo within six months. Overall, 78% of the patients showed effective repigmentation. Areas of vitiligo on the face and trunk were more responsive to treatment than those on the distal part of limbs. Adverse effects due to the drug included 2 patients with nausea and 1 patient with headache. It is suggested that treatment with systemic 5-MOP is effective, safe, and useful in selected cases of vitiligo.