Yonsei University

About: Yonsei University is a education organization based out in Seoul, South Korea. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 50162 authors who have published 106172 publications receiving 2279044 citations. The organization is also known as: Yonsei.

An Electrospun Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofibrous Membrane and Its Battery Applications

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The association between sterilizing activity and drug distribution into tuberculosis lesions

Abstract: Finding new treatment-shortening antibiotics to improve cure rates and curb the alarming emergence of drug resistance is the major objective of tuberculosis (TB) drug development Using a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging suite in a biosafety containment facility, we show that the key sterilizing drugs rifampicin and pyrazinamide efficiently penetrate the sites of TB infection in lung lesions Rifampicin even accumulates in necrotic caseum, a critical lesion site where persisting tubercle bacilli reside In contrast, moxifloxacin, which is active in vitro against a subpopulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that persists in specific niches under drug pressure and has achieved treatment shortening in mice, does not diffuse well in caseum, concordant with its failure to shorten therapy in recent clinical trials We suggest that such differential spatial distribution and kinetics of accumulation in lesions may create temporal and spatial windows of monotherapy in specific niches, allowing the gradual development of multidrug-resistant TB We propose an alternative working model to prioritize new antibiotic regimens based on quantitative and spatial distribution of TB drugs in the major lesion types found in human lungs The finding that lesion penetration may contribute to treatment outcome has wide implications for TB

Advances in diesel–alcohol blends and their effects on the performance and emissions of diesel engines

Abstract: The increasing energy demand, surging oil prices, depleting oil reserves and environmental pollution problems associated with the use of fossil fuels have sparked renewed interest to find out clean alternative fuels. Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and butanol are competitive alternative fuels due to their liquid nature, high oxygen contents, high octane number and their production from renewable biomass. In this review, the fuel properties of these alcohols are compared with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel. The comparison of fuel properties represents that butanol has the potential to overcome the problems associated with the use of methanol and ethanol. Progresses of their production from different sources are also introduced. Further, several techniques such as alcohol–diesel fuel blends and alcohol–diesel fuel emulsions are discussed, especially for lower alcohols, in order to use them in diesel engines. The effects of diesel–alcohol blends on the combustion, performance and emissions of diesel engines are also analyzed. It is examined that blending of alcohols, along with some CN improver, to diesel fuels can reduce diesel engine emissions without adverse impacts on the performance of diesel engines. These studies also reveal that butanol is a better alternative for diesel fuel due to its superior fuel properties and miscibility with diesel fuel than those of methanol and ethanol. Finally, some critical conclusions and future research directions are highlighted.

Joint subcarrier and power allocation in uplink OFDMA systems

Abstract: In this letter, we focus on joint subcarrier and power allocation in the uplink of an OFDMA system Our goal is to maximize the rate-sum capacity in the uplink For the purpose, we formulate an optimization problem subject to subcarrier and power constraints and draw necessary conditions for optimality, from which we derive joint subcarrier and power allocation algorithms Simulation results show that our proposed scheme enhances the system capacity, providing almost near optimal solutions with low computational burden