Showing papers in "Academy of Management Journal in 1982"
TL;DR: In this paper, the locus of control of top executives was found to have a direct and significant relationship to the nature of corporate strategy, but an indirect relationship to environment an...
Abstract: In a Canadian study the locus of control of top executives was found to bear a direct and significant relationship to the nature of corporate strategy but an indirect relationship to environment an...
776 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors track the strategies of a retail chain over 60 years of its history to show how that vague concept called strategy can be operationalized and to draw conclusions about strategy formatio...
Abstract: This study tracks the strategies of a retail chain over 60 years of its history to show how that vague concept called strategy can be operationalized and to draw conclusions about strategy formatio...
725 citations
TL;DR: Variations in the reported frequency of use of four information sources by decision makers was investigated, and the perceived quality of information available for decision making was related to this frequency.
Abstract: Variations in the reported frequency of use of four information sources by decision makers was investigated. Although the perceived quality of information available for decision making was related ...
721 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a sample of related and unrelated (conglomerate) diversified firms were studied in terms of risk and return, and the primary findings were that unrelated firms do not enjoy superior risk-pooling characteristics a...
Abstract: Risk and return are studied in a sample of related and unrelated (conglomerate) diversified firms. The primary findings are that unrelated firms do not enjoy superior risk-pooling characteristics a...
426 citations
TL;DR: Only performance-contingent reward behavior was found to affect subordinate performance significantly and positive relationships were found between leader contingent reward behavior and employee satisfaction.
Abstract: This study investigated the nature of the relationships between leader reward and punishment behaviors and subordinate performance and satisfaction. Only performance-contingent reward behavior was found to affect subordinate performance significantly. Positive relationships were found between leader contingent reward behavior and employee satisfaction. Contingent punishment had no effects on subordinate performance or satisfaction.
352 citations
TL;DR: This article focused on three rationales for corporate philanthropy: through-the-firm giving, corporate statesmanship, and profit motivated giving, and the profit motivation argument was exa...
Abstract: Existing literature has focused on three rationales for corporate philanthropy: through-the-firm giving, corporate statesmanship, and profit motivated giving. The profit motivation argument was exa...
345 citations
TL;DR: In this article, two approaches to the measurement of firm diversification are compared: (1) continuous SIC-based product count measures and (2) categorical measures as popularized by Rumelt.
Abstract: Two approaches to the measurement of firm diversification are compared: (1) continuous SIC-based product count measures and (2) categorical measures as popularized by Rumelt. The measures are found...
344 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the value of outsider-based strategic planning for small firms is empirically examined using a sample of firms engaging in outsider based planning and two control groups, and the effectiveness of outsider based strategic planning is evaluated.
Abstract: The value of “outsider-based” strategic planning for small firms is empirically examined using a sample of firms engaging in outsider-based planning and two control groups. The effectiveness of sma...
328 citations
TL;DR: The authors empirically explored the performance tendencies and strategic attributes of businesses in the four cells of the Boston Consulting Group product portfolio matrix and found that businesses differed in different attributes from other businesses.
Abstract: This paper empirically explores the performance tendencies and strategic attributes of businesses in the four cells of the Boston Consulting Group product portfolio matrix. Businesses differed in t...
318 citations
TL;DR: The effectiveness of different approaches to changing organization structure is examined and the findings show a tendency for quantum change, that is, the ability of an organization to change its structure through structural change.
Abstract: The effectiveness of different approaches to changing organization structure is examined. Two dimensions of structural change are explored. The findings show a tendency for quantum change, that is,...
283 citations
TL;DR: This paper found that when confronted with failure, subjects may attempt to justify their position by manipulating information that is to be presented to others, and evidence also was found that people are more likely to manipulate the information presented to them.
Abstract: The study demonstrates that, when confronted with failure, subjects may attempt to justify their position by manipulating information that is to be presented to others. Evidence also was found that...
TL;DR: Empirical technology-structure research from 1965 through 1980 is summarized and with some exceptions, strong support was found for the existence of technology-Structure relationships.
Abstract: Empirical technology-structure research from 1965 through 1980 is summarized. An examination is made of the influence on research caused by the use of different (1) conceptualizations of technology and structure, (2) levels of analysis, and (3) types of measures. With some exceptions, strong support was found for the existence of technology-structure relationships.
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of four grand strategies on the relative importance of seven organizational functions and the moderating effects of type of production system and perceived environmental uncertainty were studied in the context of organizational functions.
Abstract: The impact of four grand strategies on the relative importance of seven organizational functions and the moderating effects of type of production system and perceived environmental uncertainty were...
TL;DR: In the context of a person-environment fit framework, organizational level and the Type A behavior pattern of managers were found to moderate the stressor, satisfaction, and physiology associations.
Abstract: In the context of a person-environment fit framework, organizational level and the Type A behavior pattern of managers were found to moderate the stressor, satisfaction, and physiology associations. For nurses, Type A behavior pattern was a much more significant moderator of the person-environment fit than were the nurses' specialty work activities.
TL;DR: The impact of the introduction of a computer-based information system on the system users' level of information satisfaction and job satisfaction was investigated and both types of satisfaction increased.
Abstract: The impact of the introduction of a computer-based information system on the system users' level of information satisfaction and job satisfaction was investigated. Both types of satisfaction increa...
TL;DR: In a study of the autonomy of decision making in multinational corporations, 23 explanatory variables grouped in 11 dimensions were tested in 3 separate surveys conducted in France and in Mexico as discussed by the authors, and the degree of interchange of products among members, ownership, workflow integration, and size of the global group were found to be the main predictors of autonomy.
Abstract: In a study of the autonomy of decision making in multinational corporations, 23 explanatory variables grouped in 11 dimensions were tested in 3 separate surveys conducted in France and in Mexico Degree of interchange of products among members, ownership, workflow integration, and size of the global group were found to be the main predictors of autonomy
TL;DR: In this paper, performance appraisals of nonmanagement employees of a large supply organization were analyzed for effects of employee and supervisor race and sex, and the effects of these effects accounted for less than 1% of the total race-and sex effects.
Abstract: Performance appraisals of nonmanagement employees of a large supply organization were analyzed for effects of employee and supervisor race and sex. Total race and sex effects accounted for less tha...
TL;DR: The authors examined performance, potential, aptitude, and career advancement differences between employees who voluntarily resigned from a natonal oil company and those continuing in the same organization, and found that those who resigned performed better than those who continued in the organization.
Abstract: The study examined performance, potential, aptitude, and career advancement differences between employees who voluntarily resigned from a natonal oil company and those continuing in the organizatio...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the motivational impact of goal setting and performance feedback on four measures of performance, intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction, and organizational commitment, and found that goal setting has a significant impact on performance and commitment.
Abstract: This study compared the motivational impact of goal setting and performance feedback on four measures of performance, intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Goal setti...
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of perceptions of the promotion process for males and females within a large organization revealed that males had higher job grades than did females, after control of certain other factors.
Abstract: A study of perceptions of the promotion process for males and females within a large organization revealed that, after control of certain other factors, males had higher job grades than did females...
TL;DR: The authors empirically examined the association between the strategic attributes and profitability of businesses in the four cells of the Boston Consulting Group Product Portfolio Matrix and found that some common strategic attributes appear to be strongly associated with performance in all the BCG cells.
Abstract: This paper empirically examines the association between the strategic attributes and profitability of businesses in the four cells of the Boston Consulting Group Product Portfolio Matrix. The study largely corroborates PIMS and BCG views but conflicts with others. Some common strategic attributes appear to be strongly associated with performance in all the BCG cells.
TL;DR: Results suggest that measures of uncertainty and the environment need to be analyzed independently, and that uncertainty is a strong moderator of environmental characteristics and industry groupings but does not consistently affect strategic planning activities.
Abstract: This paper continues a line of research into the effect of environmental characteristics and uncertainty on strategic planning. Results suggest that measures of uncertainty and the environment need...
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between perceptual congruence about communication and subordinate satisfaction was investigated and it was found that congruency about communication between supervisor and subordinate was a sign of satisfaction.
Abstract: In a study of the relationship between perceptual congruence about communication and subordinate satisfaction, congruence about communication between supervisor and subordinate was found to be sign...
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of quality of life on entrepreneurial activity in 70 urban metropolitan areas was examined, and the authors found that economic and health/educational quality-of-life were found to have a positive impact.
Abstract: This paper examines the influence of quality of life on entrepreneurial activity in 70 urban metropolitan areas. Economic and health/educational quality of life were found to have a positive impact...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the development of a theory relating differences between privately-held and publicly-held companies to differences in their strategies and management processes, and present a model to compare the two types of companies.
Abstract: This paper describes the development of a theory relating differences between privately-held and publiclyheld companies to differences in their strategies and management processes. Results of a stu...
TL;DR: In this article, measures of exit barriers and inducements to exit were constructed in a study of exits from nondeclining industries, and the results were contrasted with those from a study within declining industr...
Abstract: Measures of exit barriers and inducements to exit are constructed in a study of exits from nondeclining industries. Findings are contrasted with those from a study of exits within declining industr...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present findings of a study which measured market, technological and earnings volatility using data from Standard and Poor's Compustat Tapes (SSTT).
Abstract: The article presents findings of a study which measured market, technological and earnings volatility using data from Standard and Poor's Compustat Tapes. In 1973, Tosi, Aldag, and Storey raised qu...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the moral reasoning of interacting groups and the reasoning of individual members of the group using the defining issues test (DIT) of moral judgement development, and found that interacting groups reason at a significantly higher level, as measured by the DIT, than the average of the members of groups.
Abstract: The article presents a study which compared the moral reasoning of interacting groups and the reasoning of individual members of the group using the defining issues test (DIT) of moral judgement development. The results showed that interacting groups reason at a significantly higher level, as measured by the DIT, than the average of the members of the groups. Although the results are interesting and perhaps promising, at this stage they are subject to limitations. Thus, additional research on the issue seems justified.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors manipulated the attractiveness of male applicants and the perceived relevance of attractiveness for managerial job performance in a two-by-two analysis of variance design, and found that attractiveness was positively associated with job performance.
Abstract: This experiment manipulated the attractiveness of male applicants and the perceived relevance of attractiveness for managerial job performance in a two-by-two analysis of variance design. An intera...
TL;DR: In this article, the employment of multidimensional measures of self-esteem, job performance, and job satisfaction on separate samples of male and female employees was found to enhance the self-consistency predicti...
Abstract: The employment of multidimensional measures of self-esteem, job performance, and job satisfaction on separate samples of male and female employees was found to enhance the self-consistency predicti...