Showing papers in "Academy of Management Journal in 1983"
TL;DR: A measure of a wide array of employee activities on the job was completed by employees' supervisors at two points in time; employees reported their own job satisfaction via the Job Descriptive Index.
Abstract: A measure of a wide array of employee activities on the job was completed by employees' supervisors at two points in time; employees reported their own job satisfaction via the Job Descriptive Index. Implications of relationships much higher than typically found in the job satisfaction–performance literature are discussed.
2,636 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual model derived from an intensive bio-medical course is proposed to enhance the development in early adulthood and also in the mid-career stage of the more experienced individual.
Abstract: The mentor relationship can significantly enhance development in early adulthood and also in the midcareer stage of the more experienced individual. A conceptual model derived from an intensive bio...
1,778 citations
TL;DR: Five factorially independent and reliable scales for conflict styles from a national sample were constructed and indicated that the test-retest and internal consistency reliability coefficients are satisfactory and compare favorably with other existing instruments.
Abstract: The article discusses a research on various styles of handling interpersonal conflict. For the measurement of conflict styles, seven non-random samples were used to generate and select suitable items. Five factorially independent and reliable scales for conflict styles from a national sample were constructed. These were used to test further validities of the scales against the measures of role status and sex. Results indicated that the test-retest and internal consistency reliability coefficients are satisfactory and compare favorably with other existing instruments.
1,473 citations
TL;DR: The Miles and Snow strategic typology is tested and extended and the effectiveness of the strategic types in different environments and the ways in which defenders and prospectors differ in their functional attributes are explored.
Abstract: The Miles and Snow strategic typology is tested and extended. Based on a sample of businesses in the PIMS data base, the study explores the effectiveness of the strategic types in different environments and the ways in which defenders and prospectors differ in their functional attributes.
1,178 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, high profit and low profit strategic "gestalts" in two different types of mature capital goods industries are examined, and multiple avenues to high profits are found within both types, but they differ.
Abstract: High profit and low profit strategic “gestalts” in two different types of mature capital goods industries are examined. Multiple avenues to high profits are found within both types, but they differ...
744 citations
TL;DR: The authors focused on workers' responses to job dissatisfaction, and suggested that four theoretical categories (exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect) characterize a diverse group of more specific workers.
Abstract: This study focuses on workers' responses to job dissatisfaction. It is suggested that four theoretical categories—exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect—characterize a diverse group of more specific beh...
693 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, three models for the effects of social desirability on organizational behavior research results were developed for the effect of social desire on organizational behaviour research results and showed that social desire can act as an unmeasured variable that produces spurious correlations.
Abstract: Three models are developed for the effects of social desirability (SD) on organizational behavior research results SD can act as (a) an unmeasured variable that produces spurious correlations betw
518 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the concept of emotional exhaustion, an extremely affective and chronic type of work-related strain, was developed and investigated in a police organization to identify sources of emotional stress.
Abstract: This study develops the concept of emotional exhaustion, an extremely affective and chronic type of work-related strain. Sources of emotional exhaustion were investigated in a police organization t...
449 citations
TL;DR: A study of short-term turnaround attempts by mature industrial-product business units found that efficiency-oriented moves, but not entrepreneurial initiatives, were associated with successful turn-around.
Abstract: A study of short-term turnaround attempts by mature industrial-product business units found that efficiency-oriented moves, but not entrepreneurial initiatives, were associated with successful turn...
424 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a research on research-and-development (R&D) work climate and innovation in the semiconductor industry is discussed, and the perceptions of respondents with regard to work climate were compute.
Abstract: The article discusses a research on research-and-development (R&D) work climate and innovation in the semiconductor industry. The perceptions of respondents with regard to work climate were compute...
401 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a model of the organizational innovation process, whereby context causes policy, which causes innovation, was tested and generally supported by data from 54 equipment and packaging suppliers to the food processing industry.
Abstract: In this study a model of the organizational innovation process, whereby context causes policy, which causes innovation, was tested and generally supported by data from 54 equipment and packaging suppliers to the food processing industry. Increasing organization size up to a point and an aggressive technology policy emerge as the two key variables in this model of organization and innovation.
TL;DR: The authors presented a typology of mature industrial product environments, derived from the PIMS data base, which were discussed and tested for reliability in a holdout sample, and developed a contingency approach to business-level strategy.
Abstract: This paper pursues the goal of parsimony by presenting a typology of mature industrial-product environments, derived from the PIMS data base. Cluster analysis yields eight environmental types that are discussed and tested for reliability in a holdout sample. The ultimate goal is to develop a contingency approach to business-level strategy.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated six instruments previously used to assess Perrow's dimensions of work unit technology and found convergent validity across measures of the analyzability and exceptions.
Abstract: Six instruments previously used to assess Perrow's dimensions of work unit technology are evaluated. The findings suggest convergent validity across measures of the analyzability and exceptions dim...
TL;DR: The authors investigated differences in coping strategies used by new hires and job changers and found that job changer try harder to control and change their job situations than do new hires, who seek out more social...
Abstract: Differences in coping strategies used by new hires and job changers are investigated. Job changers try harder to control and change their job situations than do new hires, who seek out more social ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the importance of managerial skills across functional and general management areas is examined, and the influence of hierarchical level and functional specialty on managerial roles is discussed. But, the authors do not consider the role of technical expertise.
Abstract: The article examines the importance of managerial skills across functional and general management areas. It examines the influence of hierarchical level and functional specialty on managerial roles...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that turnover or exit behavior is a characteristic of the demography of the social system itself and that university academic departments with a dominant cohort tend to have high turnover.
Abstract: The argument developed here is that turnover or exit behavior is, in part, a characteristic of the demography of the social system itself. University academic departments with a dominant cohort and...
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of organizational size on inside versus outside executive succession is discussed and the study results indicate that larger organizational size is associate with higher executive succession success rate, while smaller organizations are associate with lower success rate.
Abstract: The article discusses research pertaining to the impact of organizational size on inside versus outside executive succession. The study results indicate that larger organizational size is associate...
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship of perceptual similarity and sex in both manager and subordinate performance appraisals within manager-subordinate dyads was investigated, and perceptual similarity accounted for a siz
Abstract: The relationship of perceptual similarity and sex in both manager and subordinate performance appraisals within manager-subordinate dyads was investigated Perceptual similarity accounted for a siz
TL;DR: In this article, a multivariate framework was used to determine the impact of 22 individual/career related factors on career mobility and career mobility was represented by two criterion variables, rate of movement an...
Abstract: A multivariate framework was used to determine the impact of 22 individual/career related factors on career mobility. Career mobility was represented by two criterion variables, rate of movement an...
TL;DR: This article made a comparative examination of three alternative hypotheses (buffer, coping, no interaction) predicting job outcomes by job stress and social support, finding little evidence of role ambiguity for role ambiguity.
Abstract: A comparative examination was made of three alternative hypotheses (buffer, coping, no interaction) predicting job outcomes by job stress and social support. For role ambiguity, little evidence of ...
TL;DR: In this article, a cusp catastrophe model was developed to explain job turnover of nursing employees, and the temporal dynamics of the catastrophe model suggest that leavers experience lower organization commitment than new arrivals.
Abstract: A cusp catastrophe model is developed to explain job turnover of nursing employees. The temporal dynamics of the catastrophe model suggest that leavers experience lower organization commitment than...
TL;DR: In this article, the motivational effects of participative decision making in work strategies versus goal setting were examined in performance of college students assigned to a toy assembly project, and the results showed that participatory decision-making (PDM) can improve the performance of participants.
Abstract: The motivational effects of participative decision making (PDM) in work strategies versus goal setting were examined in performance of college students assigned to a toy assembly project. The resul...
TL;DR: In this paper, the relations between interdependence and coordination in organizations are investigated, and the results from a study of 127 work units in 33 organizations indicate that as the level of interdependency in...
Abstract: The relations between interdependence and coordination in organizations are investigated. Results from a study of 127 work units in 33 organizations indicate that as the level of interdependence in...
TL;DR: Empirical comparison of common indices of interrater agreement indicated that the indices are not directly comparable in regard to the magnitude of the estimates produced or the information conveye... as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Empirical comparison of common indices of interrater agreement indicated that the indices are not directly comparable in regard to the magnitude of the estimates produced or the information conveye...
TL;DR: The article discusses a study pertaining to the corporate use of simultaneous structures in work units to cope with uncertainty and the role of supervisors and subordination in this context.
Abstract: The article discusses a study pertaining the corporate use of simultaneous structures in work units to cope with uncertainty. A work unit in this context refers to a supervisor and their subordinat...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors empirically examined sex and position as predictors of organizational commitment for 583 employees of social service organizations, and the results of simple correlational and multiplicative analysis were presented.
Abstract: The present study empirically examines sex and position as predictors of organizational commitment for 583 employees of social service organizations. The results of simple correlational and multipl...
TL;DR: Role conflict and role ambiguity were investigated in relation to structural and interpersonal variables in this article, and role conflict was not related to either structural or interpersonal variables, in a producti...
Abstract: Role conflict and role ambiguity were investigated in relation to structural and interpersonal variables. Role conflict was not related to either structural or interpersonal variables in a producti...
TL;DR: The authors discusses the relationship between work and non-work satisfactions, and employs longitudinal data to overcome some of the inaccuracies of the earlier studies, and concludes that "the literature...
Abstract: The article discusses the nature of the relationship between work and nonwork satisfactions. It employs longitudinal data to overcome some of the inaccuracies of the earlier studies. The literature...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss research pertaining to the personal characteristics of communicators and innovators in research and development (R&D) organizations and find that there is an overlap between the two groups.
Abstract: The article discusses research pertaining to the personal characteristics of communicators and innovators in research and development (R&D) organizations. Preliminary results suggested an overlap b...
TL;DR: Differences in work attitudes of men and women vary with occupation and years in the occupation, and are most pronounced for managers with little experience, and differences decline with age.
Abstract: Differences in work attitudes of men and women vary with occupation and years in the occupation. Differences are most pronounced for managers with little experience, and differences decline with le...