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Showing papers in "Addiction Research & Theory in 2019"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The notion of recovery as an organizing principle between SUD and MH, collectively identified as behavioral health, can be better served by a collaborative endeavor to define the word and concept of “recovery”.
Abstract: A number of definitions exist for the concept of “recovery” in both the substance use disorder (SUD) and mental health (MH) fields. Previous attempts to define recovery have not reached consensus a...

80 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the context of behavioral science, the intersection of psychology and economics has been studied for situations where a "choice architect" aligns a system with consumers' best long-term inte...
Abstract: ‘Nudge’ has come into common usage in behavioral science, the intersection of psychology and economics, for situations where a ‘choice architect’ aligns a system with consumers’ best long-term inte...

41 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a new recovery has become an increasingly prominent feature of alcohol and other drug policy and treatment responses, and research has been an important site in the emergence of new recovery but its as...
Abstract: ‘New recovery’ has become an increasingly prominent feature of alcohol and other drug policy and treatment responses. Research has been an important site in the emergence of new recovery but its as...

38 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results showed that depressive symptoms mediated the association between academic stress and problematic smartphone usage, and problem-focused coping should be cultivated when designing mental health interventions to reduce problematic smartphones usage among adolescents.
Abstract: Background: Problematic smartphone usage among adolescents and young adults is a growing concern.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether depressive symptoms mediate ...

34 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Social Identity approach as discussed by the authors offers a unifying framework for understanding recovery from addiction as a process of identity change associated with change in social network composition, which is associated with social networks.
Abstract: Background: The Social Identity approach offers a unifying framework for understanding recovery from addiction as a process of identity change, associated with change in social network composition....

31 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Contemporary usage of addiction is contradictory and confusing; the term is highly stigmatizing but popularly used to describe almost any strong desire, passion or pursuit as mentioned in this paper. Does current usage invol...
Abstract: Contemporary usage of addiction is contradictory and confusing; the term is highly stigmatizing but popularly used to describe almost any strong desire, passion or pursuit. Does current usage invol...

30 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The recovery process requires holistic support addressing multiple and intersecting substance use risk factors; yet, there rema... as mentioned in this paper, the authors of this paper, stated that "Problematic substance use is a challenge worldwide among adolescents.
Abstract: Problematic substance use is a challenge worldwide among adolescents. The recovery process requires holistic support addressing multiple and intersecting substance use risk factors; yet, there rema...

24 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, elevated impulsivity traits, particularly negative and positive urgency, have been identified as robust predictors of problem gambling, however, the mechanisms that link urgenc...
Abstract: Background and aims: Elevated impulsivity traits, particularly negative and positive urgency, have been identified as robust predictors of problem gambling. However, the mechanisms that link urgenc...

23 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Previous research is reviewed and strain and stigmatization before drug related deaths and The Special Grief after such deaths are dealt with, focusing on how the phenomenology of grief is connected to contextual and personal relations and interpersonal processes.
Abstract: Background: In most European countries and in the US, there has been a negative trend with increasing incident rates of drug related deaths (DRD) during the last decade. In 2017, the mortality rate...

20 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper examined both individual and wider group-based social connections in the lead up to residential treatment for substance misuse in a therapeutic community (TC), and their influence both on a person's readiness to engage with the treatment community and with a recovery pathway.
Abstract: Social relationships play a major role in recovery from substance dependence. To date, greater attention has been paid to the role of important individuals in a person’s life and their contribution to recovery following treatment. This study is the first to examine both individual and wider group-based social connections in the lead up to residential treatment for substance misuse in a therapeutic community (TC), and their influence both on a person’s readiness to engage with the treatment community and with a recovery pathway. Participants were 307 adults interviewed early in treatment about their individual- and group-based social relationships prior to treatment entry, their social identification with the TC, as ‘a user’ and a person ‘in recovery’, their current recovery capital and quality of life. Correlational analysis showed that only pre-treatment group-based, and not individual, relationships, were significantly associated with developing social identification with the TC early in treatment. Moreover, results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that identification with the TC was best predicted by the extent to which people saw themselves as being in recovery. Finally, mediation analysis indicated that TC identification was the mechanism through which social group memberships prior to treatment commencement protected quality of life in the early phases of treatment. These findings highlight the protective role that group memberships play in building early identification with the TC and supporting well-being in a critical period of transitioning to treatment.

20 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article explored young adult smokers' perceptions of flavored e-cigarettes and found that young adults liked the flavors more than those without flavored flavors, but little research has been conducted to explore young adults' perceptions about e-cigarette flavors.
Abstract: Background: Although in recent years, an increased number of young adult smokers have used flavored e-cigarettes, little research has been conducted to explore young adult smokers’ perceptions abou...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recovery and desistance in mentally ill offenders can be more complicated than in respectively general psychiatric or offender populations due to factors and processes on individual, contextual and contextual factors as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Recovery and desistance in mentally ill offenders can be more complicated than in respectively general psychiatric or offender populations due to factors and processes on individual, contextual and...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, compulsive usage of social media has become a concern and compulsive social media usage is typically informed by earlier models of problematic In-troduce In-Troduce.
Abstract: Background: As social media have become highly accessible, compulsive usage has become a concern. Research on compulsive social media usage is typically informed by earlier models of problematic In...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The stigma experienced by different stakeholders related to FASD was described by identifying specific candidates for stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination corresponding to FasD stigma.
Abstract: Background: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a condition afflicting children born to women who consumed alcohol during pregnancy that can lead to secondary disabilities including cognitive...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Inclusive Cities as mentioned in this paper is an initiative to support the creation of Recovery-Oriented Systems of Care at a city level, that starts with but extends beyond substance using populations.
Abstract: Recovery from illicit drug and alcohol use takes place over time and is characterised by a dynamic interaction between internal and external components. An integral part of all recovery journeys is effective community reintegration. After all, recovery is not mainly an issue of personal motivation rather it is about acceptance by family, by friends and by a range of organisations and professionals across the community. Therefore to support pathways to recovery, structural and contextual endeavours are needed to supplement individually-oriented interventions and programmes. One way to do this, is by introducing Inclusive Cities. An Inclusive City promotes participation, inclusion, full and equal citizenship to all her citizens, including those in recovery, based on the idea of community capital. The aim of building recovery capital at a community level through connections and 'linking social capital' to challenge stigmatisation and exclusion, is seen as central to this idea. Inclusive Cities is an initiative to support the creation of Recovery-Oriented Systems of Care at a city level, that starts with but extends beyond substance using populations. This paper describes (and gives examples of) how it is possible to use recovery as a starting point for generating social inclusion, challenging the marginalisation of other excluded populations as well by building community connections.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The promotion of e-cigs within social media platforms should be closely monitored, to prevent the current epidemic from reaching even larger proportions.
Abstract: Electronic devices that deliver nicotine, e-cigarettes (e-cigs), pose significant risks and can be addictive. Young adults have the highest prevalence of e-cig usage and are among the most frequent...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined items thought to represent the three constructs of public stigma: stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination, and exploratory factor analyses generated factor structures to provide meaning to each construct.
Abstract: Few empirical research studies have examined the public stigma of substance use disorder (SUD) compared to mental illness (MI). Expanding on the results of a qualitative study on the stigma of SUD, this study quantitatively examined items thought to represent the three constructs of public stigma: stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination. Additionally, exploratory factor analyses generated factor structures to provide meaning to each construct. Results indicated that some factors were endorsed significantly higher than others: for stereotypes, recklessness and threat were significantly endorsed more than unreliability and inadequacy; for prejudice, dread was endorsed the most; and for discrimination, restriction was endorsed more than invalidation. Additional oneway ANOVAs revealed that women significantly endorsed restriction more than men. Although further research is needed to confirm a complete set of factors, these results may help to establish a model for the public stigma of people with SUD.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Social media provides opportunities for adolescents to participate with commercial marketing and user-created promotion and this is associated with higher-risk consumption and brand identification.
Abstract: Aim: To explore participation with alcohol marketing (i.e. commenting on brand statuses) and user-created promotion on social media (i.e. photos of peers drinking) by young people in the United Kin...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The role of social identity (or identities which are developed through involvement in social groups with others) has received increasing attention in relation to recov... as mentioned in this paper, in recent years, the role of Social identity has been investigated in relation with recov...
Abstract: Background: In recent years, the role of social identity (or identities which are developed through involvement in social groups with others), has received increasing attention in relation to recov...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There is a clear role for public health advocacy approaches aimed at preventing and reducing gambling harm, and advocacy strategies may be implemented as a part of a comprehensive public health approach to gambling reform.
Abstract: Background: Public health advocacy is important in preventing harm and promoting health in communities. There has been little research into public health advocacy strategies which address gambling ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The finding demonstrating predominantly adaptive (and few maladaptive) responses to warning labels supports the continued use of fear appeals in warning label design and could serve as additional evidence for FDA to implement pictorial warning labels.
Abstract: Background: The Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) responses that emerge from spontaneous reactions to cigarette warning labels remain understudied. We identified the EPPM responses in reaction...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings support and expand previous evidence by showing that smokers with depression achieve high cessation rates without suffering negative mood changes and suggest that BA and CM are promising interventions for this difficult to treat population.
Abstract: Background: Few studies on Behavioral Activation (BA) have been conducted among smokers with depression and very scarce evidence on Contingency Management (CM) in this population exists. This study...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A cohort of plant medicine facilitators in the US is described and how they differentiate plant medicine use from recreational drug use is explored, seen by participants as a natural healing and treatment modality used in the context of community and ritual.
Abstract: Background: The ceremonial use of psychoactive/hallucinogenic plant based drugs, such as ayahuasca, psilocybin and others, is a growing trend in the United States (US) and globally. To date, there has been little research documenting how many people are using psychoactive substances in this context, who the users are, what benefits/risks exist in the use of these drugs and the relationship between ceremonial drug use and recreational drug use.In this paper we describe a cohort of plant medicine facilitators in the US and explore how they differentiate plant medicine use from recreational drug use.Methods: Using modified ethnography, individual interviews were conducted in 2016 with 15 participants who are currently facilitating plant medicine ceremonies in the US. Descriptive content analysis was performed to discover themes and to inform a larger mixed-method study.Results: Ceremonial drug use was seen by participants as a natural healing and treatment modality used in the context of community an...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitors (SCRAMs) as mentioned in this paper enable continuous measurement of alcohol consumption in participants' natural environments using a transdermal alcohol monitor, such as a wristwatch.
Abstract: Introduction: Transdermal alcohol monitors, such as Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitors (SCRAMs), enable continuous measurement of alcohol consumption in participants’ natural environments fr...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In existing recovery studies, binary distinctions between "spoiled" identities defined by drug-related practices and relationships on the one side, and "un-spoiled" drug-free identities on the other side have been made as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In existing recovery studies, binary distinctions between ‘spoiled’ identities defined by drug-related practices and relationships on the one side, and ‘un-spoiled’ drug-free identities on the othe...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, current models of alcohol problems in emerging adulthood (EA) have not fully considered the developmental context and integrated developmental, social, and emotional mechanisms, and they have not considered the role of social and emotional factors.
Abstract: Background: Current models of alcohol problems in emerging adulthood (EA) have not fully considered the developmental context and integrated developmental, social, and emotional mechanisms. Attachm...

Journal ArticleDOI
Steven Belenko1
TL;DR: In this article, criminal behavior and substance abuse are closely connected and many offenders have substance use disorders and related problems, and reducing drug-related crime in this population requires attention t...
Abstract: Criminal behavior and substance abuse are closely connected and many offenders have substance use disorders and related problems. Reducing drug-related crime in this population requires attention t...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Systematic screening of suicidal risk in patients seeking treatment in addiction centres with histories of abuse is recommended and the relationship between previous traumatic experiences and suicidal behaviours is highlighted.
Abstract: Background: Several studies indicate that lifetime abuse is a relevant risk factor for suicidal ideation and/or attempts. However, little is known about this phenomenon in patients seeking treatmen...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility and acceptability of interventions aimed at reducing co-occurring heavy drinking and risky sexual behavior among ED patients require feasibility and acceptance to optimally engage patients in these interventions.
Abstract: Background: Interventions aimed at reducing co-occurring heavy drinking and risky sexual behavior among Emergency Department (ED) patients require feasibility and acceptability to optimally engage ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, some Facebook users have difficulty regulating the amount of time they spend online, and some Facebook features, such as likes, promote habitual use, and theoretically, attachment insecur...
Abstract: Introduction: Some Facebook users have difficulty regulating the amount of time they spend online, and some Facebook features, such as likes, promote habitual use. Theoretically, attachment insecur...