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JournalISSN: 0065-2296

Advances in Botanical Research 

Elsevier BV
About: Advances in Botanical Research is an academic journal published by Elsevier BV. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Genome & Biology. It has an ISSN identifier of 0065-2296. Over the lifetime, 677 publications have been published receiving 35873 citations. The journal is also known as: Botanical research.


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Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: This chapter collates the mathematical approaches to the aeration process and explains the concepts of modeling in a simplified manner, which have culminated in the modeling of the oxygen movements within the plant.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter illustrates the developments in the field of aeration since 1960, which have culminated in the modeling of the oxygen movements within the plant. The chapter collates the mathematical approaches to the aeration process and explains the concepts of modeling in a simplified manner. It is noted that the environment exerts a considerable influence on the directional flow of the respiratory gases within the plant and the directional exchange with the atmosphere. Oxygen can enter the plant body in a variety of ways. In non-aquatic species, the stomata and lenticels provide paths of low resistance for the entry and exit of both oxygen and carbon dioxide. In submerged astomatal aquatics, surface permeabilities are sufficiently high to allow the necessary gas transference. Plants rooted in unsaturated soils are exposed to an oxygen-rich environment over the greater part of their shoot and root surfaces. Oxygen enters the plant in the combined state as water. As water, it is transported from root to shoot in the xylem where a proportion is finally released into the liquid phase within the chloroplasts during the photolysis stage of photosynthesis.

1,358 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: The transient response of stomata to change in rate of evaporation may be a device which is designed to enhance the speed of the response to light.
Abstract: Publisher Summary Stomata1 movement is a manifestation of strain in the epidermis, associated with change in the hydraulic pressure in the epidermal cells. This chapter discusses the role and behavior of stomata in the hydrology of the soil–plant–atmosphere system. Stomata operate in the light in such a way as to maintain positive turgor in the leaves, in the majority of crop plants and other species. The transient response of stomata to changes in environment which cause rapid changes in plant–water relations is quite dramatic. The nature of the stomatal response to change in water potential must involve the mechanical and hydraulic attributes of the stomatal apparatus. There is only a tenuous relationship between the potential of water in leaf tissue in bulk and the local potential of water to which an individual stoma responds in ways, which are also discussed. Thus the transient response of stomata to change in rate of evaporation may be a device which is designed to enhance the speed of the response to light.

724 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: The results considered in the chapter suggest that plant hormones, and especially auxin, play an essential role both in the relation among plant organs and in the relations among neighboring cells.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the interactions and internal programmes that result in the patterned differentiation of vascular tissues. The term “pattern” is used to refer to the high degree of order, or predictability, of the system at all levels— the orientation and contacts of the strands forming a coherent system supplying all the organs of the plant, the organization of the transporting cells in files that are functional vessels and sieve tubes, and the relations among the different vascular tissues (phloem, cambium and xylem) and their component cells. The stress is, thus, on relations between cells of the same and of different types and not on the processes of differentiation and controlled gene expression. It is shown that all aspects of the development and maintenance of the vascular tissues might depend on one control system, which is at least partially hormonal. The way this control could operate is in the working hypothesis that together with the problems and possibilities it poses is the central conclusion of this work. A major characteristic of the hypothesis considered is that a gradual, feedback relation between differentiation and signal distribution creates a reliable pattern. Controls of this type may not result in very precise patterns, but they would be simple and dependable in avoiding mistakes of functional significance. They could, thus, account for the vascular patterns found in plants, where no two halves of the same leaf are exactly the same. These controls also have the virtue of depending on known signals and cellular responses. It is, thus, possible that the principles on which these controls are based have a wide relevance, both in plants and in other cases of biological development. The results considered in the chapter suggest that plant hormones, and especially auxin, play an essential role both in the relation among plant organs and in the relations among neighboring cells.

636 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the role of leucine–rich repeat (LRR) proteins in plant defenses, which are involved in specific protein–protein interactions and are confined predominantly to eukaryotes.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the role of leucine–rich repeat (LRR) proteins in plant defenses. LRR proteins are involved in specific protein–protein interactions and are confined predominantly to eukaryotes. Their existence in animals and fungi has been known for some time, but has been described only recently and incompletely for plants. The first plant LRR proteins described were receptor serine/threonine kinases and polygalacturonase–inhibiting proteins. LRR proteins have a significant role in plant defenses. Resistance to a diverse range of pathogens, including nematodes, fungi, bacteria, and viruses involves LRR proteins either as resistance proteins or as proteins required for resistance proteins to function. The limitation of pathogen ingress and aggressiveness may also involve LRR proteins which function as PR proteins. Several LRR proteins, such as FIL2, the AJWL proteins seem to be expressed in reproductive tissues. These proteins might have roles in the defense of reproductive tissues from pathogens or roles in reproduction itself. Pollen self–incompatibility and species incompatibility may also be viewed as forms of defense. It would not be surprising if the parallels between resistance and pollen incompatibility extended to the involvement of LRR proteins in both processes.

552 citations

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Journal in previous years
YearPapers
202312
202224
20214
202011
20194
201820