Showing papers in "Advances in Space Research in 2004"

TL;DR: The Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) as mentioned in this paper is the first global, space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) with the precision, resolution and coverage needed to characterize CO 2 sources and sinks on regional scales.

TL;DR: Geodyn et al. as discussed by the authors found evidence for correlations between solid Earth processes and atmosphere/ocean dynamics prior to strong earthquakes, selecting examples from 2001 and 2000, finding evidence for a thermal anomaly LST pattern that is apparently related to pre-seismic activity.

TL;DR: The data presented suggest that prolonged exposures of plants to weak magnetic field may cause different biological effects at the cellular, tissue and organ levels.

TL;DR: The NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Distributed Active Archive Center (GES DAAC) as discussed by the authors distributes three major groups of MODIS products: Level 1 Radiometric and Geolocation data, and Level 2 and higher level of Atmosphere and Ocean products.

TL;DR: In this paper, the MODIS semi-analytical (SA) algorithm is extended to include environments consistent with strong upwelling zones and high latitudes, and spatial and temporal differences in MODIS Terra chlorophyll-a retrievals are examined between Chlor_a_3 and an empirical algorithm, Chlor-a_2, developed to mimic the performance of the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS) OC-4 chlorophyLL-a algorithm.

TL;DR: The experiments tested the geological time series, showing the ability of microorganisms to carry out redox reactions after thousands to millions years of existence in permafrost, and provide a range of analogues that could be used in the search for possible ecosystems and potential inhabitants on extraterrestrial cryogenic bodies free of oxygen.

TL;DR: An ordinary kriging approach is applied for image-to-image registration of landuse/landcover change detection using remotely sensed images and considers residuals of the PTM model as anisotropic random fields and employs the ordinary k Riging method for spatial interpolation of the residual random fields.

TL;DR: The Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS) instrument as mentioned in this paper was proposed to measure ozone in the stratosphere and mesosphere by detecting absorption of starlight in ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared wavelengths.

TL;DR: In this paper, a two-parameter clustering technique has been employed successfully for categorizing the predominant aerosol types and events affecting selected locations over the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

TL;DR: The geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) survey as discussed by the authors was the first attempt to estimate the number of small-size objects in GEO, with diameters as small as ten centimeters.

TL;DR: In this article, simple radiance ratios have been used for the detection of clouds around the tropopause and in the winter polar stratosphere from the infra-red spectra of two remote sensing instruments, the cryogenic infrared spectrometers and telescopes for the atmosphere (CRISTA) flown on two space shuttle missions in 1994 and 1997 and the Michelson interferometer for passive atmospheric sounding (MIPAS) launched on ENVISAT in March 2002.

TL;DR: In this paper, two new composite solar irradiance reference spectra extending from 0.1 to 2400 nm were constructed using recent space measurements for two distinct time periods during solar cycle 22.

TL;DR: Legend as mentioned in this paper is a LEO-to-GEO Environment Debris model, which is capable of reproducing the historical debris environment as well as performing future debris environment projection.

TL;DR: The Inter-Hour Variability Index (IHV) as discussed by the authors is a daily index of geomagnetic activity, which is used for investigations of the long-term variability of the solar wind-magnetosphere system.

TL;DR: This interim solution is now fully operational, while waiting for the development of new models based on the FLUKA hadron-nucleus interaction code, a newly developed QMD code, and the implementation of the Boltzmann master equation theory for low energy ion interactions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the potential of life to survive in frozen evaporites was investigated and it was shown that halophiles survive better than non-halophiles under low temperature conditions.

TL;DR: It was found that the germination rate on media containing Mars regolith simulant was as high as on other mineral-containing media and if enclosed in the ascocarps, the ascospores survived the vacuum exposure, the UV-irradiation as well as the combined treatment of vacuum and UV to a high degree.

TL;DR: An overview of the European Space Agency's Planck mission, its scientific objectives and the main elements of its technical design is presented in this paper, where the current programmatic status of Planck within ESA's Scientific Programme, implementation plans, and near-term milestones are also outlined.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used interferometrically derived images, to monitor post-slide motion and a RADARSAT fine mode image to characterise the debris size and distribution of a 30 × 104 m3 rock avalanche, in the Canadian Rockies.

TL;DR: In this article, the IRI electron density model was evaluated on the topside segment of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) and also of the Bent model based on the limited amount of topside data available at the time (40,OOO Alouette 1 profiles).

TL;DR: S2K as discussed by the authors is a hybrid model that combines empirical and physics-based modeling of irradiances and takes advantage of strengths within both methods to provide a variety of solar irradiance products to science and engineering users.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used infrared spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscope to characterize the types and abundance of organic matter in 10 lm interplanetary dust particles collected from the Earths stratosphere.

TL;DR: The Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) is a ground-based telescope for millimeter and sub-millimeter astronomy to be realized during this decade as mentioned in this paper, which is comprised of 64 antennas of 12 m diameter, each of which is equipped with receivers in ten frequency bands from 30 to 950 GHz.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the long-term growth in the eccentricity evolution of GPS, GLONASS, and GALILEO trajectories through doubly-averaged equations and identified strategies to minimize the significant eccentricity growth.

TL;DR: In this paper, a set of Strecker-type synthesis experiments has been carried out under simulated hydrothermal conditions (150 °C), producing various amino acids, such as n-alkanols, nalkanoic acids, n -alkyl formates, N-alkanes, and nalkanones, all with no carbon number preferences.

TL;DR: In this article, a newly developed algorithm inverts the echo traces on a plasmagram to electron density spatial distributions, based on these observed density distributions, an empirical model is constructed to describe the two-dimensional density distribution in the inner magnetosphere.

TL;DR: In this paper, the velocity vector, temperature and density of He-atoms in the heliosphere were derived from a fast-latitude scan of ULYSSES.

TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of nine star-forming regions is presented, showing that CH 3 CHO emission is clearly detected from both the A and E symmetry states in the 4 04 −3 03 and 5 05 −4 04 transitions.

TL;DR: In this article, the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (COSPAR) was used to study the relationship between low cloud cover and total solar irradiance and cosmic ray flux from neutron monitors.