Showing papers in "American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 1992"

TL;DR: Results support the hypothesis that premature birth results in part from infection caused by genital tract bacteria, and research efforts must be prioritized to determine the role of infection and the appropriate prevention of this cause of prematurity.

TL;DR: The paracolpium in level I forms the critical factor that differentiates vaginal eversion from posthysterectomy cystocele-rectocele or enterocele in which the vaginal apex remains well suspended.

TL;DR: Amniocentesis to determine the microbiologic characteristics of the amniotic cavity should be considered before a cerclage is placed in women presenting with cervical dilatation in the midtrimester of pregnancy.

TL;DR: Low-dose heparin should be preferred to prednisone when treatment is indicated for high-risk pregnant women with antiphospholipid antibodies, and these results could be generalized to the other groups of women ascertained during the course of the study.

TL;DR: In polycystic ovary syndrome, although obesity and hirsutism vary according to dietary, genetic, and environmental factors, the prevalence of adrenal androgen excess and insulin resistance appear to be fairly uniform.

TL;DR: The first case of a laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and paraaortic and pelvic lymphadenectomy to treat a stage IA2 carcinoma of the cervix is reported.

TL;DR: Treatment for cancer during adolescence carries a substantial risk for early menopause among women still menstruating at age 21, and increasing use of radiation and chemotherapy suggests that these women should be made aware of their smaller window of fertility so that they can plan their families accordingly.

TL;DR: Parturition in the setting of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity is associated with activation of the cytokine network as demonstrated by the detection of tumor necrosis factor in human amniotics fluid.

TL;DR: Elevated risks were found for subjects reporting early ages at menarche and longer days of flow, but there was no relationship with late ages at natural menopause, and infertility was a significant risk factor among nulliparous women.

TL;DR: Weight reduction is desirable for obese women complaining of urinary incontinence and may obviate the need for further incontinent therapy.

TL;DR: Estradiol-17 beta-induced increases in uterine blood flow are mediated mainly by nitric oxide; the observed vasodilation can be antagonized by the intraaterial administration of nitricoxide synthetase inhibitor L-nitroarginine methyl ester.

TL;DR: From a study of birth records, breech presentation at delivery for each gestational age was found to be less frequent as compared with other reports about antenatal ultrasonographic examination.

TL;DR: The data indicate that the pulsatility index of the middle cerebral artery in the normal human fetus has a parabolic pattern during pregnancy and does not change significantly after delivery, and management of the small-for-gestational-age fetus may be aided by the study of themiddle cerebral artery waveforms.

TL;DR: The incidence of both respiratory distress syndrome and patent ductus arteriosus is markedly decreased by both increasing gestational age and birth weight, and the incidence of grade III and IV intraventricular hemorrhage virtually vanishes after 34 weeks.

TL;DR: Differences in organ response to estradiol may allow the design of regimens with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist that maintain a therapeutic response and ameliorate potential adverse effects.

TL;DR: Increased maternal weight gain in pregnancy results in higher frequencies of fetal macrosomia, which in turn lead to increased rates of cesarean section and other major maternal and fetal complications.

TL;DR: The results offer some theoretic bases in support of medical treatment to improve reproductive performance in infertile women who have endometriosis.

TL;DR: Although the majority of in vitro fertilization pregnancies have a satisfactory obstetric outcome, there are a number of increased obstetric risks that may reflect the history of infertility, the relatively high incidence of poor obstetric history, and the lower threshold for obstetric intervention in in vitro fertilizer patients.

TL;DR: In this article, the association of fetal and newborn complications, socioeconomic status, and home environment with learning deficits as assessed between 9 and 11 years of age was examined, and it was found that children with learning disorders had lower full-scale IQ scores and behavioral problems of inattention and anxiety.

TL;DR: In the pregnancies with poor outcomes, the intertwin disparity in fetal size and the mean volume of amniotic fluid drained at each amniocentesis were greater than in the pregnancies in which one or both twins survived.

TL;DR: The severity of hyperemesis was found to vary directly with the degree of hyperthyroidism, which may be linked to the cause of hype Remesis gravidarum itself.

TL;DR: Paced respiration training may be a useful treatment alternative for the reduction of hot flushes in women who cannot tolerate hormone replacement therapy.

TL;DR: It is suggested that patients with bacterial vaginosis should be treated in conjunction with first-trimester abortion because treatment with metronidazole reduces the postoperative infection rate more than three times.

TL;DR: The results suggest that interleukin-1-induced preterm delivery in mice is mediated by the interleucin-2 receptor, which is implicated in the mechanisms responsible for preterm parturition in the setting of intrauterine infection.

TL;DR: The presence of acute inflammatory lesions of the chorioamniotic membranes can serve as a marker of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity.

TL;DR: The stimulus to nitric oxide generation in the fetal-placental circulation may be hydrodynamic and appears to contribute to maintenance of basal vascular tone and to attenuate the actions of vasoconstrictors in this circulation.

TL;DR: It is concluded that there are two primary stable vaginal flora patterns (normal flora or bacterial vaginosis) and a third less distinct transitional flora pattern between these two.

TL;DR: The incidence rate of in situ vulvar cancer nearly doubled between 1973 to 1976 and 1985 to 1987, whereas the rate of invasive squamous cell carcinoma remained relatively stable.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that with consistent use of frozen sections of all cyst walls and suspicious tissue, laparoscopic management did not alter the prognosis, and experienced surgeons using intraoperative histologic sampling may safely evaluate adnexal mass laparoscopically.

TL;DR: The incidence of meconium aspiration may be essentially unaffected by current obstetric and pediatric interventions at birth, and for the asphyxiated or distressed infant the authors recommend suctioning at birth and tracheal intubation.