Showing papers in "American Journal of Preventive Medicine in 2010"

TL;DR: To update SCD population estimates by using recent U.S. Census and birth-cohort SCD prevalence for at-risk populations as available through the centralized reporting of universal newborn screening for hemoglobinopathies, with an effort to demonstrate the potential effect of early mortality.

TL;DR: Learning and understanding more about the burden and causes of VTE, and raising awareness among the public and healthcare providers through a comprehensive public health approach, has enormous potential to prevent and reduce death and morbidity from deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism throughout the U.S.

TL;DR: Socioeconomic differences in birth outcomes remain pervasive, with substantial variation by racial or ethnic subgroup, and are associated with disadvantage measured at multiple levels and time points (childhood, adulthood), and with adverse health behaviors that are themselves socially patterned.

TL;DR: People working in the fields of public health and child development from Canada, China, the former ugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Philippines, Saudi Araia, South Africa, Switzerland, and Thailand met in Geneva, Switzerland to build a framework for pubic health surveillance that can be used to define the global burden of adverse childhood experiences.

TL;DR: Poly-victimization is more highly related to trauma symptoms than experiencing repeated victimizations of a single type and explains a large part of the associations between individual forms of victimization and symptom levels.

TL;DR: There is much room for improvement in achieving recommended levels of physical activity among Americans, particularly among relatively inactive subgroups.

TL;DR: Limited evidence was found to support a positive relationship between occupational sitting and health risks, and the heterogeneity of study designs, measures, and findings makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions at this time.

TL;DR: Nearly all studies found that there was an inverse relationship between the tax or price of alcohol and indices of excessive drinking or alcohol-related health outcomes, which constitute strong evidence that raising alcohol excise taxes is an effective strategy for reducing excessive alcohol consumption and related harms.

TL;DR: Findings support Walk Score as a free, easy-to-use, and quick proxy of neighborhood density and access to nearby amenities and highlight a limitation of Walk Score and warrant caution of its use.

TL;DR: Despite recent declines in the prenatal smoking prevalence, prenatal smoking continues to cause a substantial number of infant deaths in the U.S.

TL;DR: The matrix provides a standardized format to categorize these injuries, make comparisons over time, and focus prevention efforts on leading injury types and/or body regions.

TL;DR: Patients explained the web of influences on knowledge, motivation, and ability to undergo CRC screening, which clinicians and policymakers should consider in designing interventions to increase the level of screening.

TL;DR: YouTube has a substantial amount of useful information about H1N1 influenza, and CDC-uploaded videos are being used in an increasing proportion as a source of authentic information about the disease.

TL;DR: The results of these reviews indicate that AHRF is useful as a gateway intervention to a broader worksite health promotion program that includes health education lasting > or =1 hour or repeating multiple times during 1 year, and that may include an array of health promotion activities.

TL;DR: It is suggested that improving neighborhood environments and increasing the public's use of LRT systems could provide improvements in health outcomes for millions of individuals.

TL;DR: Objectively measured neighborhood and route factors are associated with walking and cycling to school, however, distance did not moderate the associations found here and creating safe environments by improving urban design may influence children's commuting behavior.

TL;DR: Simultaneous accelerometer-GPS monitoring shows promise as a method to improve understanding of how the built environment influences physical activity behaviors by allowing activity to be quantified in a range of physical contexts and thereby provide a more explicit link between physical activity outcomes and built environment exposures.

TL;DR: Substantial improvements in population health are achievable through greater use of a small number of preventive services, and healthcare systems should maximize use of these services.

TL;DR: Overweight and obese young people are at risk of developing health-compromising behaviors that may compound medical and social problems associated with excess weight.

TL;DR: The qualifying studies provided sufficient evidence that smokefree policies reduce tobacco use among workers when implemented in worksites or by communities, and four studies that, overall, demonstrated economic benefits from a smokefree workplace policy.

TL;DR: The financial strain of unaffordable housing is associated with trade-offs that may harm health, and programs that target housing affordability for both renters and homeowners may be an important means for improving health.

TL;DR: New Moves provides a model for addressing the broad spectrum of weight-related problems among adolescent girls and further work is needed to enhance the effectiveness of interventions to improve weight status of youth.

TL;DR: Moderate to severe physical and sexual abuse in childhood and adolescence have dose-response associations with risk of type 2 diabetes among adult women, partially explained by the higher BMI of women with a history of early abuse.

TL;DR: Advances in military medical surveillance are described, the incidence of injuries with other illnesses, the size and causes of the injury problem for the military, and recommendations for improved surveillance and injury prevention are made.

TL;DR: Characteristics of emergency department visits made nationally by patients with sickle cell disease can help to improve health services delivery and utilization among patients with SCD.

TL;DR: Certain built and perceived environment characteristics were associated with walking among older adults living in Bogotá and further studies should be conducted to better understand the potential influence of the built environment on physical activity among the elderly population in the context of Latin American cities.

TL;DR: In this article, a work group was formed to identify, evaluate, and assess the level of scientific evidence for various physical training-related injury prevention strategies through an expedited systematic review process.

TL;DR: Future surveillance of TBI hospitalization rates is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of implementation of preventive measures and to establish benchmark admission rates for U.S. Army soldiers with TBIs identified during deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan.

TL;DR: The incidence and characteristics of hospitalizations resulting from poisoning by prescription opioids, sedatives, and tranquilizers in the U.S. from 1999 to 2006 are described to better understand the contextual factors contributing to these cases and may aid in the development of targeted prevention strategies.

TL;DR: Compared to the general population, homeless people are far more likely to smoke and much less likely to quit, even though more than half of smokers received quit advice in the past year.