Showing papers in "American Journal of Preventive Medicine in 2011"

TL;DR: Findings indicate a consistent relationship of self-reported sedentary behavior with mortality and with weight gain from childhood to the adult years, however, findings were mixed for associations with disease incidence, weight gain during adulthood, and cardiometabolic risk.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess self-reported and objectively measured physical activity among U.S. adults according to the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (PAGA) using Actigraph accelerometers worn for 7 consecutive days.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors followed U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines to assess the economic cost of excessive alcohol consumption in 2006 and found that excessive drinking causes premature death (average of 79,000 deaths annually), increased disease and injury; property damage from fire and motor vehicle crashes; alcoholrelated crime; and lost productivity.

TL;DR: For both children and adolescents, the most consistent associations involved objectively measured environmental attributes and reported physical activity, and these findings support several recommendations for policy and environmental change from such groups as the IOM and National Physical Activity Plan.

TL;DR: An ecologic model of sedentary behaviors is described, highlighting the behavior settings construct and the multiple levels of determinants of prolonged sitting time, which are likely to operate in distinct ways in these different contexts.

TL;DR: This paper reviews the reliability and validity of self-reported and device-based sedentary time measures and provides recommendations for their use in population-based studies and focuses on instruments that have been used in free-living, population- based research in adults.

TL;DR: In this article, a systematic review aimed to systematically review the literature as to the relationship between sedentary behaviors and health outcomes considering the methodologic quality of the studies, and a best-evidence synthesis was applied to draw conclusions.

TL;DR: Assessing sitting time is an important new area for preventive medicine, in addition to assessing physical activity and sedentary behaviors, and population surveys that monitor lifestyle behaviors should add measures of sitting time to physical activity surveillance.

TL;DR: This article found that sedentary behavior, usually assessed as screen time and predominantly TV viewing, is associated with unhealthy dietary behaviors in children, adolescents, and adults, and that these associations were mainly in the small-to-moderate range.

TL;DR: This exploratory study indicates that Google Street View can be used to audit neighborhood environments and finds relatively high levels of concordance, whereas measures of physical disorder had low levels.

TL;DR: Although there is enough evidence to justify investments in screening, prophylaxis, and treatment for African children with SCD, better data are needed to estimate the numbers of child deaths preventable by such interventions and their cost effectiveness.

TL;DR: The heterogeneity in study samples, exposure and outcome variables, and the reliance on self-reported physical activity limit conclusions and highlight the need for further research to inform development and targeting of interventions.

TL;DR: Few, if any, apps recommended or linked the user to proven treatments such as pharmacotherapy, counseling, and/or a quitline, and it is recommended that current apps be revised and future apps be developed around evidence-based practices for smoking cessation.

TL;DR: It is suggested that key methodologic and contextual issues have contributed to this state of affairs and a major shift is proposed to produce research with more rapid clinical, public health, and policy impact.

TL;DR: A growing body of evidence supports the development of public health recommendations to limit the time spent in screen-based behaviors and more research is needed to examine the prospective and experimental evidence of associations between overall sedentary time and health.

TL;DR: The effects of new outdoor tobacco advertising restrictions vary by location and population density, and sensitivity analyses demonstrate that smaller buffers decrease the proportion of affected retailers.

TL;DR: There is substantial evidence these nutritional problems coexist, and it is critical that future efforts to eliminate hunger consider opportunities to promote healthy food choices and physical activity.

TL;DR: The online popularity of ENDS has surpassed that of snus and NRTs, which have been on the market for far longer, and is quickly outpacing Chantix or Champix, and suggests ENDS are used to bypass, or quit in response to, smoking restrictions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the effectiveness of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation using a survey of smokers who had tried E-cigarettes and found that a large percentage of respondents reported a reduction in the number of cigarettes they smoked (66.8%) and almost half reported abstinence from smoking for a period of time (48.8%).

TL;DR: A geographically coherent region of the U.S. where the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes is especially high is identified, called the "diabetes belt", and people in the diabetes belt were more likely to be non-Hispanic African-American, lead a sedentary lifestyle, and be obese than in the rest of the US.

TL;DR: There have been sharp increases in driving children to school since 1969 and corresponding decreases in walking to school, particularly evident in the number of vehicle trips generated by parents dropping children at school and teens driving themselves.

TL;DR: In this setting, mandatory menu labeling did not promote healthier food-purchasing behavior and no impact of the regulation on purchasing behavior was found.

TL;DR: Conincing evidence supports the premise that those employed in occupations demanding long work hours and low OPA are at risk of inactivity, and longitudinal evaluations using robust research measures are a priority for future research.

TL;DR: The brief Starting The Conversation is a relatively simple, valid, and efficient tool for dietary assessment and intervention in the clinical setting and is available in English and Spanish and is in the public domain.

TL;DR: Sedentary time in older adults can be reduced following a brief intervention based on goal setting and behavioral self-monitoring following a pre-experimental (pre-post) study.

TL;DR: GPS is a promising tool for improving understanding of the spatial context of physical activity and the choice of an appropriate device and efforts to maximize participant adherence are key to improving data quality, especially over longer study periods.

TL;DR: Although recent reforms should help many Americans obtain and keep coverage, the costs of medical care and insurance remain out of reach for many households and will further strain public and private budgets.

TL;DR: Home-based, multi-trigger, multicomponent interventions with an environmental focus are effective in improving overall quality of life and productivity in children and adolescents with asthma and the effectiveness of these interventions in adults is inconclusive due to the small number of studies and inconsistent results.

TL;DR: The benefits of collecting GPS data over traditional self-report or estimated exposure measures are highlighted and information presented here will allow researchers to make an informed decision about incorporating this readily available technology into their studies.