Showing papers in "American Journal of Transplantation in 2013"

TL;DR: Screening kidney transplant patients for BK polyomavirus replication in urine and blood has become the key recommendation to guide the reduction of immunosuppression in patients with BKV viremia.

TL;DR: Primary infection manifests as an asymptomatic or self-limited febrile illness in immunocompetent individuals, after which CMV establishes life-long latency in various cells, which serve as reservoirs for reactivation and as carriers of infection to susceptible individuals.

TL;DR: Perioperative nutritional therapy significantly improved overall survival in patients with sarcopenia and multivariate analysis showed that low skeletal muscle mass was an independent risk factor for death after transplantation.

TL;DR: A shortage of kidneys for transplant remains a major problem for patients with end‐stage renal disease, and transplant rates for adult wait‐listed candidates continue to decrease, but pretransplant mortality rates also show a decreasing trend.

TL;DR: HLA‐DR and DQ epitope matching outperforms traditional low‐resolution antigen‐based matching and has the potential to minimize the risk of de novo Class II DSA development, thereby improving long‐term graft outcome.

TL;DR: In this article, a measure of physiologic reserve, called frailty, was proposed as a predictor of early hospital readmission after kidney transplantation (EHR) in kidney transplant patients.

TL;DR: The preliminary data suggests that EVNP offers promise as a new technique of kidney preservation and demonstrates that this technique is both feasible and safe in renal transplantation.

TL;DR: The alloantigen‐expanded Tregs had a diverse TCR repertoire and were more potent than PolyTregs in vitro and more effective at controlling allograft injuries in vivo in a humanized mouse model.

TL;DR: It is concluded that microarray assessment of gene expression can assign a probability of ABMR to transplant biopsies without knowledge of HLA antibody status, histology, or C4d staining, and predicts future failure.

TL;DR: The future development of standards for management based on EBV viral load and routine monitoring of EBV‐specific CTL responses promise further improvement in outcomes with EBV and PTLD.

TL;DR: This study shows that normothermic machine perfusion of human donor livers is technically feasible, which allows assessment of graft viability before transplantation, which opens new avenues for organ selection, therapeutic interventions and preconditioning.

TL;DR: The diagnostic workup is mostly started with noninvasive imaging studies namely MRI and MRCP, but direct cholangiography still remains the gold standard, but especially nonanastomotic strictures require a multidisciplinary treatment approach.

TL;DR: It is highlighted that characterization of complement genetic abnormalities predicts the risk of recurrence‐related graft loss and paves the way for future genetically based individualized prophylactic therapeutic strategies.

TL;DR: Transplant candidates and recipients are at increased risk of infectious complications of vaccine-preventable diseases and should be immunized early in the course of their disease.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that de novo DSA development after liver transplantation is an independent risk factor for patient death and graft loss.

TL;DR: Noninvasive pretransplant weight loss was achieved by a majority, though weight gain post‐LT was common, and combined LT plus sleeve gastrectomy resulted in effective weight loss and was associated with fewer post-LT metabolic complications.

TL;DR: Methods to prevent CMV include universal prophylaxis and preemptive therapy; each has its merits, and will be compared and contrasted.

TL;DR: The data suggest a dynamic risk factor evolution of BKV viremia consisting of higher corticosteroids until month 3, Tac‐MPA compared to CsA‐M PA at month 6 and Tac‐ MPA, older age, male gender at month 12 posttransplant.

TL;DR: The results support using urinary CXCL9 for clinical decision‐making following kidney transplantation and support stratify patients into groups based on risk for developing AR or progressive renal dysfunction.

TL;DR: Animal models suggest that de novo infection via airborne transmission and reactivation of previously established infection can occur and clusters of infection have been described in medical facilities among solid organ transplant recipients, suggesting the possibility of direct or indirect person-to-person transmission.

TL;DR: A molecular test for T cell‐mediated rejection is developed and new rules to integrate molecular tests and histology into a precision diagnostic system that can reduce errors, ambiguity and interpathologist disagreement are proposed.

TL;DR: It is shown for the first time that RIPK3‐mediated necroptosis in donor kidneys can promote inflammatory injury, and has a major impact on renal ischemia–reperfusion injury and transplant survival.

TL;DR: Pretransplant anti‐AT1R‐Abs are an independent risk factor for long‐term graft loss in association with a higher risk of early AR episodes in patients with a history of graft failure and a first AR episode.

TL;DR: Standardization and normalization of solid phase HLA antibody tests will enable comparison of data across laboratories for clinical trials and diagnostic testing.

TL;DR: Everolimus 1.5 mg with reduced‐dose cyclosporine offers similar efficacy to MMF with standard‐doseCyprusporine and reduces intimal proliferation at 12 months in de novo heart transplant recipients.

TL;DR: It is found that de novo anti‐AT1R was an independent predictor of graft failure in the ABG, alone, and in the entire population (HR: 5.4), and the importance of routine anti‐ AT1R monitoring and therapeutic targeting is stressed.

TL;DR: The current liver allocation system, introduced in 2002, decreased the importance of waiting time for allocation priorities; the number of active wait‐listed candidates and median waiting times were immediately reduced, however, the total number of adult wait-listed candidates has increased since 2002, and Median waiting time has increasedsince 2006.

TL;DR: It is concluded that when compared to −XMKx, +XMKTx have inferior outcomes at 5 years, however, almost half of the surviving grafts do not have glomerulopathy and avoiding antibodies against donor class II may improve outcomes.

TL;DR: The results show that the renal function benefit and safety profile observed in belatacept‐treated patients in the early posttransplant period was sustained through 5 years.

TL;DR: Novel applications of social media may prove effective in increasing organ donation rates and likewise might be utilized in other refractory public health problems in which communication and education are essential.