Showing papers in "Angewandte Parasitologie in 1987"

Extent and intensity of endoparasitic infection in the hedgehog

Abstract: 601 faecal samples, 232 gastrointestinal tracts and 209 lungs from hedgehogs (Erinaceus europeaus L.) have been investigated parasitologically in the winter time of the years from 1980/81 to 1985/86. Developmental stages of parasites were discovered in 517 (= 86.0%) of the investigated faecal samples. 180 (= 86.0%) lungs harboured the worms of Crenosma striatum and/or Capillaria aerophilia. A total of 216 (= 93.1%) of the 232 investigated gastrointestinal tracts were parasitized with Capillaria spp., Brachylaemus erinacei, and Coccidia, respectively.

Detection of Acari in Chiroptera in the Neubrandenburg District (East Germany)

Abstract: The following 10 species of bat ticks and mites have been determined in the material collected in the territory of the district: Ixodes (E.) vespertilionis, Argas (C.) vespertilionis, Spinturnix myoti, S. mystacinus, S. acuminatus, S. plecotinus, Macronyssus flavus, Steatonyssus (S.) periblepharus, S. (S.) spinosus and Notoedres chiropteralis. Some data concerning the frequency of the occurrence of mites from the family Spinturnicidae are given.

Biochemistry of Haemonchus--a review.

Abstract: Haemonchus biochemistry has been reviewed under the subheadings chemical composition (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, amino acids, nucleic acids, hormones, inorganic elements, pigments), absorption/transport, biosynthesis (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, amino acids, nucleic acids), catabolism/utilization (carbohydrates-glycolysis, TCA cycle, CO2 fixation, electron transport system, pentose pathways, glyoxylate cycle, strain variations in energy metabolism; lipids, proteins), biochemistry in taxonomy and miscellaneous.

[Diagnostic problems of Ornithonyssus bacoti (Acarida: Gamasida: Macronyssidae) infestation in humans].

Abstract: We established an infestation with the tropical rat mite in a baby. At the beginning, the infestation was not recognized. Later it was found that it had already existed for several months, since the baby's third week. The main symptoms of the infestation were nocturnal restlessness and urticaria-like dermatitis, especially in the joint bends of the extremities. The focus of infestation were house rats (Rattus rattus) living in the garret. The Ornithonyssus bacoti mites had got into the living-room through a hole in the ceiling. Control measures against Ornithonyssus bacoti, which were successful within a short time, included eradication of the rats, closing of the hole in the ceiling, acaricide application in the garret and intensive cleaning of the living-room, the baby's nursery table, pram and bassinet.

[Larva migrans visceralis--occurrence of ascarid eggs in sandboxes in the East German district city of Cottbus].

Abstract: Between 1982 and 1985 18 sand-pits were examined for Toxocara canis eggs. Eggs were found in 4 sand-pits. This implies a risk of larva migrans visceralis infection for children playing in these sand-pits. Some measures for diminishing the contamination are recommended.

Insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies against Menopon gallinae (Mallophaga: Menoponidae).

Abstract: 10 Bacillus thuringiensis strains were used to determine the susceptibility of Menopon gallinae (L). In order to identify B. thuringiensis from dead insects, previously exposed to bacteria, the streptomycin-resistant mutants of strains were also applied. The experiments were conducted in a group of 20 specimens, in three replications. The absorbtion at 750 nm directly corresponded to the concentration of 23 X 10(6) spores/ml in each assay. The biting lice were exposed on agar plates, inoculated by 0.2 ml of B. thuringiensis preparations dipping for 2, 4 and 8 s or spraying with 0.5 ml of adequate strain. Laboratory trials showed that M. gallinae was susceptible to toxic activity of all tested strains. While the susceptibility to various serotypes varied, depending on the time and mode of infection, 3 subspecies: kurstaki, finitimus and kenyae were usually the most active. The least active strains were the subsp. galleriae and aizawi. The microbiological examination of dead mallophaga treated with B. thuringiensis proved the presence of this bacterium in smears taken from the insects. A comparison of morphological as well as biochemical properties of the antibiotics sensitive and the antibiotics-resistant mutants revealed no difference.

[Comparative immunoelectrophoretic studies of total water-soluble extracts of Trichomonas vaginalis, T. tenax and T. hominis].

Abstract: An antigen characterization was carried out by the method of two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis, and on this basis the antigen community and the antigenic differences between the 3 Trichomonas species parasitic in man were investigated. In the homologous antigen-antibody-systems a maximum number of precipitation curves is formed--21 in T. vaginalis and 20 each in T. tenax and T. hominis. According to our setting of the experiment T. vaginalis has 5 specific antigens in regard to T. tenax and 3 in regard to T. hominis. T. tenax has 2 specific antigens in regard to T. vaginalis and 7 in regard to T. hominis, T. hominis has 2 specific antigens in regard to T. vaginalis and 3 in regard to T. tenax. The presence of antigenic differences is important for the immunological characterization of the 3 species and demonstrates their validity.

Demonstration of rectal myiasis in humans

Abstract: During a period of over 10 years 4 cases (2 women; 2 men) of rectal myiasis were observed after periods of warm weather. The patients had interpreted myiasis as a symptom of infestation with worms. In 3 cases maggots of Fannia canicularis (Linnaeus, 1761) and in one case maggots of Muscina stabulans (Fallen, 1816) could be found. The patients had only minor complaints.

[Occurrence, distribution and control of cockroaches in the East German district of Rostock].

Abstract: The German cockroach (Blattella germanica) is the prevalent species in the district of Rostock. There was also an occurrence of Blatta orientalis and, in one case, of Periplaneta australasiae. Periplaneta americana is occasionally introduced from warmer regions of the globe via containers. Extent and intensity of infestation of many buildings has increased making large-scale control measures necessary. Most control measures have been taken in food industry enterprises. The quantity of cockroach control increases with growing population density.

Quantity of Eimeria spp. oocyst elimination in sheep.

Abstract: In the present paper, the results obtained are shown after a study by means of multivariant statistical analysis, of the quantity of Eimeria spp. oocyst elimination in sheep, bearing in mind the variations observed in the different areas, in the different age-groups, from month to month, and from year to year. Climatic factors, development of immunity, lambing seasons, and poor hygienic conditions seem to be the factors responsible for the statistically significant differences found when analysing the aforementioned main effects.

The flight of dipterans from cat feces and its possible hygienic significance

Abstract: Cat faeces can contain pathogens of zoonoses (viroses, bacterioses and protozooses) and stages of parasites (e.g. helminths) which can be spread potentially by Diptera. In reference to this: Remarks on the cat faeces. Spots of defecation of cats in different biotopes of the open land and in buildings. Conditions for the visit of Diptera to cat faeces. List of the 187 species of Diptera of 27 families discovered on cat faeces. Relation of the number of species being vectors found on faeces of cats to the entire number of species found on faeces produced by different carnivorous, omnivorous and herbivorous animals. 84.8% of the dipteran species ascertained on food and folder were also found on the faeces of cats, a remarkable hygienic result, perhaps caused by the composition of the dipteran fauna in the vicinity of traps. Remarks on the species of Diptera on faeces of cats which are vectors of diseases. Cat keeping and hygiene in buildings. Unhygienic and mass keeping of cats (e.g. breedings, laboratory keeping, animal-homes, zoos) may be a potential starting point for the attack of food and fodder by Diptera contaminated but also localities for the transmission of such diseases.

Chloromyxum barbi (Myxosporea) in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Osteichthyes)

Abstract: During an investigation of H molitrix yearlings from the district of Cottbus in the GDR the myxosporidian Chloromyxum barbi Dogel', 1934 was found in the gallbladder (not recorded before in the GDR) Ch barbi was found to be a new parasite of the silver carp

The microflora of goat Mallophaga

Abstract: 48 bacterial isolates were gained from Bovicola spp of Capra hircus The distribution of the isolates among males, females and larvae suggests first conclusions on the specificity of the microflora

Parasites in East Germany. 8. Helminths of Ondatra zibethica

Abstract: In 1984/85 80 muskrats have been investigated by helminthological autopsy. Helminth infection was established in 72 animals. Altogether 4 trematodes, 7 cestodes and 2 nematodes were found. 2 cestodes were detected for the first time in the muskrat. Relations between parasite fauna and biotope are recognizable.

A historical survey of the nomenclature of the lanceolate liver fluke Dicrocoelium dendriticum

Abstract: The correctness of the name Discrocoelium dendriticum given to the lanceolate liver luke is discussed in the form of a literature review. Possible reasons are discussed for the peculiar first finding of this parasite in the gut of a swordfish. D. dendriticum is regarded as the valid name of this fluke.

Setaria cervi: lipid biosynthesis from C14-labelled acetate and glucose in the two sexes and microfilariae.

Abstract: Microfilariae (mf), males and females of Setaria cervi were able to synthesize several important classes of lipids and thus exhibited a functional lipid metabolism. The incorporation of the C14 label from acetate into lipids was relatively greater than that from glucose in adults, whereas label from glucose was incorporated to a greater extent in mf. Though only a small portion of these precursors, was utilized for the non-polar (NP) lipid synthesis, they were the preferred substrate for the polar lipid (P) synthesis; the P/NP ratios being 5.2 (mf), 1.63 (male) and 5.16 (female) for acetate and 1.23 (mf), 1.06 (male) and 2.25 (female) for glucose.

On the division of trypanosomes in Colisa fasciata (Perciformes) in vivo.

Abstract: In vivo observation of the division in the trypomastigotes of the fish trypanosome, Trypanosoma trichogasteri, from Colisa fasciata is hereby reported for the first time. The division is initiated with the duplication of the kinetoplast followed by nuclear division and cytokinesis. Contrary to earlier reports, cytokinesis commences from the posterior end and the flagellum originates simultaneously or subsequent to cytoplasmic separation.