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Showing papers in "Angewandte Parasitologie in 1990"


Journal Article
TL;DR: With reference to a recent taxonomic revision the species of the echinostomes used in key studies on the population regulation in infections with 37-collar-spined Echinostoma species in experimental rodent hosts were reconsidered.
Abstract: With reference to a recent taxonomic revision the species of the echinostomes used in key studies on the population regulation in infections with 37-collar-spined Echinostoma species in experimental rodent hosts were reconsidered. This was considered essential to prevent taxonomic problems blocking further fruitful progress within this field of experimental parasitology.

33 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: Eggs of opisthorchiid flukes have very characteristic muskmelon-like surface structure of their shells and can be differentiated using this mark from eggs of heterophyid fluke using scanning electron microscopy.
Abstract: Eggs of opisthorchiid flukes have very characteristic muskmelon-like surface structure of their shells and can be differentiated using this mark from eggs of heterophyid flukes. Surface structure and morphological details in operculum and abopercular end can be observed using scanning electron microscopy. Eggs recorded very often in stool of Laotians belong mostly to Opisthorchis viverrini and sporadically to Metagonimus yokogawai.

25 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: The seasonality of infection of Bulinus (Ph.) globosus, the snail host of Schistosoma haematobium is reported and the pattern of snail infection was shown to vary with the type of habitats.
Abstract: The seasonality of infection of Bulinus (Ph.) globosus, the snail host of Schistosoma haematobium is reported. The pattern of snail infection was shown to vary with the type of habitats. The cercarial "transmission potential" was calculated based on the number of infected snails and the level of cercarial production. It is consequently assumed that the transmission pattern varies with season and habitat type. Dry season transmission potential was found to be high in running water habitats while low in stagnant water habitats. In the wet season, the reverse seems to be the case. The implication of these observations in the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and in planning its control in the area is discussed.

18 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: Factors, such as eutrophication of the water system and overcrowding of distinct fish species, are discussed to be the main causes provoking outbreak of the parasitosis.
Abstract: High losses due to metacercaria of Bucephalus polymorphus especially in cyprinids were observed in summer 1984 during a period of a sudden increase in water temperature. Pathology of diseased fish is described. Factors, such as eutrophication of the water system and overcrowding of distinct fish species, are discussed to be the main causes provoking outbreak of the parasitosis.

16 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: The criteria for the identification of larvae killed during their 4th skinning include distinctive marks occuring in the 4th and 5th stages: gut morphology, position of cervical papillae, excretory opening, morphology of the caudal part of the female.
Abstract: The morphology of L4 of Cylicostephanus minutus, Cylicotetrapedon bidentatus, Petrovinema poculatum, Cylicocyclus radiatus, C. triramosus, Cylicodontophorus euproctus, C. mettami, C. mongolicus, Poteriostomum imparidentatum, Gyalocephalus capitatus and Craterostomum acuticaudatum is discussed. The species are named in accordance with the new system, which is outlined in the introduction. The criteria for the identification of larvae killed during their 4th skinning include distinctive marks occuring in the 4th and 5th stages: gut morphology, position of cervical papillae, excretory opening, morphology of the caudal part of the female. For L4, generic characteristics have not been distinguished (except Petrovinema spp.). Larvae of small Strongylinae species are similar to those of Cyathostominae.

14 citations



Journal Article
TL;DR: More than 150 species of Diptera belonging to 46 families were caught in a flat in the outskirts of Berlin between April and October 1986, which inclusively Fannia canicularis amounted 55% of the total catching rate.
Abstract: More than 150 species of Diptera belonging to 46 families were caught in a flat in the outskirts of Berlin between April and October 1986. 2148 specimens were collected. Fannia canicularis was the most frequent species with 726 specimens. Drosophila melanogaster, Culex pipiens, Lucilia sericata, Sarcophaga carnaria, Calliphora vicina, Muscina stabulans and Fannia manicata were other important synanthropic flies, which inclusively Fannia canicularis amounted 55% of the total catching rate. The remaining species of Diptera have only an insignificant medical importance, because of the random occurrence in flats or of their small size. A brief assessment of the sanitary important species is given.

11 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: This test, carried out in over 800 individual faeces samples, showed that the excretion of Fasciola eggs over a period of several days fluctuates considerably within one animal and within one infection group.
Abstract: Bulls artificially infected with a varying number of metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica were kept under uniform, standardized laboratory conditions. 6 months after the infection the daily range of variation and the distribution of the Fasciola eggs in the faeces were determined 3 times a day (morning, noon and afternoon) over two test periods, each of 5 days. This test, carried out in over 800 individual faeces samples, showed that the excretion of Fasciola eggs over a period of several days fluctuates considerably within one animal and within one infection group; the excretion of Fasciola eggs over one day varies widely at different times in each animal and also in each infection group; the distribution of Fasciola eggs in the faeces is always irregular within one day and also over several days in all animals. The variations demonstrated here must be taken into consideration when assessing the results of coproscopical diagnosis because studies of the faeces carried out on a single occasion can lead to completely incorrect conclusions being drawn.

10 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: During 1986/87, 922 carps have been examined for ectoparasitic helminths; the most frequent parasite on the gills was D. extensus; it shows a great tolerance to the water temperature with two peaks of infestation between 2 and 9 degrees C.
Abstract: During 1986/87, 922 carps have been examined for ectoparasitic helminths. Altogether 6 species of Gyrodactylus and 4 species of Dactylogyrus were found. The most frequent parasite on the gills was D. extensus; it shows a great tolerance to the water temperature with two peaks of infestation between 2 and 9 degrees C. Additionally, relationships between the seasonal dynamics of the invasion cycle of D. extensus and D. anchoratus were recognized. In addition to Dactylogyrus 2 species of Gyrodactylus, G. shumani and G. sprostonae occurred on the gills. G. shulmani tends to show rapid population growth in the warmest months in summer. The highest number of helminths were found in the beginning of September. It is conceivable that G. shulmani will be an agent of a new helminthosis in the GDR. The infestation by G. shulmani is often accompanied by the occurrence of D. vastator. Both species reach the maximum values approximately at the same time. G. sprostonae reached high intensities already in June and August. The common infestation increased by G. katharineri, G. stankovici and G. kherulensis on skin nd fins. G. katharineri seems to have the most favourable conditions in April. The indices dropped to a minimum in summer and autumn. G. stankovici has likely similar ecological claims as G. katharineri and shows a peak of incidence in April, too.

9 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: Considering the possible role of Haemaphysalis concinna and Dermacentor reticulatus as vectors and reservoirs of transmissive agents special attention is paid to the transmitting of tick-borne borreliosis.
Abstract: Haemaphysalis concinna and Dermacentor reticulatus mostly occur in narrow-limited humid biotopes of certain landscapes, whereas Ixodes ricinus--as wellknown--occurs more or less occupying the whole territory in kind of a mosaic; in regard of epidemiological questions at least, such a distribution may be resumed for Ixodes ricinus. Haemaphysalis concinna nearly regularly may be found in certain biotopes. Considering the possible role of Haemaphysalis concinna and Dermacentor reticulatus as vectors and reservoirs of transmissive agents special attention is paid to the transmitting of tick-borne borreliosis.

6 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: Trypanosoma barrettoi sp.n.
Abstract: Trypanosoma barrettoi sp.n. is described from the blood of the armored catfish Hypostomas paulinus Ihering, from the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The total length averages 40.22 microns, of which 14.22 microns is free flagellum.

Journal Article
TL;DR: A time dependent toxicity to snails was recorded and an exposure of adult snails to sub lethal concentrations significantly reduced the number of eggs laid.
Abstract: Ivermectin is lethal to Bulinus (Physopsis) globosus, Biomphalaria pfeifferi, and Lymnaea natalensis at concentrations of 0.08 micrograms/ml and above. Studies show that these snails will not recover from a 24 h exposure to 2.00 micrograms/ml of Ivermectin in the laboratory at 28 +/- 2 degrees C. A time dependent toxicity to snails was recorded and an exposure of adult snails to sub lethal concentrations significantly reduced the number of eggs laid (r = -0.08, t = 2.64, P less than 0.05).

Journal Article
TL;DR: The kidneys of rats, experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis were studied by means of light and fluorescent microscopy and the results obtained suggest that this is a case of a proliferative intra- and extracapillary nephritis.
Abstract: The kidneys of rats, experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis were studied by means of light and fluorescent microscopy. The results obtained suggest that this is a case of a proliferative intra- and extracapillary nephritis. Highest intensity of the pathological process was noted between the 30th and 50th day of the infection. The immunofluorescent reaction of kidney glomeruli demonstrated that the immune complexes were located predominantly in the basal membrane and the mesangium. The serological investigation showed that the maximum level of circulating immune complexes existed between 14th and 21st day after the infection.

Journal Article
TL;DR: Haloxon did not cause any significant change in glycogen and lactic acid level in either parasite, but reduced oxygen consumption by 23 and 31% in Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinae, respectively.
Abstract: Cambendazole 10(-4) M significantly reduced the level of glycogen in both the parasites. Lactic acid level was found enhanced. Oxygen consumption was suppressed by 63 and 94% in A. galli and H. gallinae, respectively, by 10(-4) M cambendazole. Haloxon did not cause any significant change in glycogen and lactic acid level in either parasite, but reduced oxygen consumption by 23 and 31% in Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinae, respectively.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In vitro studies with Paramphistomum microbothrium indicated that the trematode is capable of synthesizing its complex lipids using exogenous substrates and a large proportion of the labelled acetic acid incorporated into neutral lipids appeared in the triglycerides.
Abstract: In vitro studies with Paramphistomum microbothrium indicated that the trematode is capable of synthesizing its complex lipids using exogenous substrates. U-14C glucose and 2-14C acetate were predominantly incorporated into phospholipids while 1-14C oleic acid and U-14C palmitic acid appeared more in the neutral lipids. A large proportion of the labelled acetic acid incorporated into neutral lipids appeared in the triglycerides. P. microbothrium is capable of synthesizing its cholesterol de novo.

Journal Article
TL;DR: It is noted that when bloodstream trypomastigotes leave a vertebrate host reaching the digestive tract of triatomines through the blood sucking action of these vectors, specific culture by blood plating or maintenance of blood in physiological saline at different temperatures shows a phenomenon of trypanosome joining, with intensive movement of internal organelles and junction at the kinetoplast level.
Abstract: The development of Trypanosoma cruzi has been described both in vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, and the morphological transformations of the parasite have been studied in both cell-free cultures and tissue cultures. The investigators who studied this topic have emphasized the fact that the morphogenesis of T. cruzi may be associated with a series of factors. In the present study, we noted that when bloodstream trypomastigotes leave a vertebrate host reaching the digestive tract of triatomines through the blood sucking action of these vectors, specific culture by blood plating or maintenance of blood in physiological saline at different temperatures shows a phenomenon of trypanosome joining, with intensive movement of internal organelles (nucleus and kinetoplast) and junction at the kinetoplast level. Different situations may occur after this phenomenon, such as flagellate separation, passage of kinetoplast content from one individual to another, transformation into rounded elements that approach the pairs of agglomerate, or the formation of spherical elements similar to cyst-like bodies. When observed by light or phase-contrast microscopy, these bodies appear to be static and show inner structures moving in circles or in disorderly manner. On the basis of the molecular studies carried out by other authors, who observed that not all proteins synthetized from DNA are of immediate usefulness in the cell, but need to undergo activation by the action of another protein or of environmental variation, we may infer that T. cruzi, under adverse conditions, i.e. a change in habitat, may undergo transformations, taking on different forms for the exchange of genetic information for adaptation to the environment and for possible continuity of the evolutionary cycle.


Journal Article
TL;DR: The Trichomonas vaginalis strain used was susceptible to metronidazole but it was nearly resistant to the tricyclic compounds tested (ID50 greater than 100 micrograms/ml).
Abstract: It is known that some derivatives of the benzodiazepine group act not only as antipsychotic drugs but also have inhibitory effects on the growth of protozoa. The influence of imipramine and its derivatives clomipramine and desipramine on the multiplication of Crithidia luciliae, Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, Trypanosoma cruzi and Trichomonas vaginalis was investigated using in vitro cultivation of the parasites and compared with the effects of chlorpromazine and metronidazole. All trypanosomatides used were inhibited by imipramine and its derivatives with clomipramine having the strongest influence on the growth of parasites (ID50 12.5-35 micrograms/ml). The Trichomonas vaginalis strain used was susceptible to metronidazole but it was nearly resistant to the tricyclic compounds tested (ID50 greater than 100 micrograms/ml).


Journal Article
TL;DR: In carp during 1st year the course of dynamics of the 3 known stages of Sphaerospora renicola showed an increase of the kidney infection in winter and spring (with inhibited sporulation) and an intensive blood-phase in winter/spring-peak, but after August of the 1st summer the swimbladder-phase was not observed, although SBI occurred between January and April.
Abstract: In carp during 1st year the course of dynamics of the 3 known stages of Sphaerospora renicola showed an increase of the kidney infection in winter and spring (with inhibited sporulation). The winter/spring-peak was accompanied by an intensive blood-phase (C-stages). After August of the 1st summer the swimbladder-phase (K-stages) was not observed, although SBI occurred between January and April. Under warm water condition this infection was discharged after September/October, the SBI never occurred after this time. In contrast to the 1st summer, affected kidneys were often found during winter and spring. In the period of the second outbreak of SBI, C-stages often occurred in the capillaries of swimbladder and in the kidney. The declining phases of SBI, observed from August to April, were not connected with the temperature conditions.


Journal Article
TL;DR: Methodes d'application (seul ou en combinaison avec d'autres produits) de la laque Deltox dans la lutte contre M. pharaonis en fonction des conditions exterieures.
Abstract: Methodes d'application (seul ou en combinaison avec d'autres produits) de la laque Deltox dans la lutte contre M. pharaonis en fonction des conditions exterieures

Journal Article
TL;DR: It seems that double infections favour larval development in Cernuella (X.) cespitum arigonis, H. ocreatus and N. linearis, and the same cannot be said of Helix (C.) aspersa.
Abstract: This is the first study on the experimental susceptibility of the following species of molluscs: Cernuella (X.) cespitum arigonis, Helicella (H.) itala, Helicella ordunensis, Cochlicella barbara, Cepaea nemoralis and Helix (C.) aspersa, as intermediate hosts for the combination of both C. ocreatus and M. capillaris, pulmonary parasites in ruminants. Furthermore, the larval development of C. ocreatus and N. linearis, the two taken together, has been followed in Cernuella (X.) cespitum arigonis, H. ordunensis and C. nemoralis. Approximately 40 specimens of each of the above-mentioned species of molluscs were infected with the parasites listed. Bearing in mind the results obtained, we believe that while Cernuella (X.) cespitum arigonis, H. ordunensis, C. nemoralis, C. barbara and Helicella (H.) itala are suitable intermediate hosts for the larval combination of C. ocreatus and M. capillaris, the same cannot be said of Helix (C.) aspersa. Likewise, the first 3 species of molluscs quoted are ideal for the joint larval development of C. ocreatus and N. linearis. It seems that double infections favour larval development.

Journal Article
TL;DR: Comparaison des taux de proteine, de glycogene et d'acide lactique au niveau de differents tissus de L. auricularia sains and infectes par des trematodes.
Abstract: Comparaison des taux de proteine, de glycogene et d'acide lactique au niveau de differents tissus de L. auricularia sains et infectes par des trematodes