Showing papers in "Animal Behaviour in 1985"

TL;DR: A simple model shows that maximal energetic efficiency is associated with immediate consumption, whereas (under the field conditions studied) carrying items to the safety of trees provides for minimal exposure to predation.

TL;DR: This study indicates that experience and not age is the important factor determining the timing of the sensitive phase for song learning in zebra finches.

TL;DR: In this article, a distinction is made between communication due to choice of action and communication by performance of a given choice of actions, and it is concluded that evolutionary stability of communication through choice of behaviour is due to variation among animals in the utility of showing different behaviour patterns.

TL;DR: Electrical signals play a significant role in courtship and spawning, as gravid E. virescens females could be stimulated to spawn by playing back into the tank a tape recording of male courtship chirps, which suggests a common mode of signal production in these two different genera of fish.

TL;DR: Data from two years of field research on the satin bowerbird show an extremely skewed distribution of matings among males, and a consistent pattern of female preference for particular males, especially those with well-constructed, highly-decorated bowers, support the ‘marker’ hypothesis, which suggests that the construction of bowers evolved to provide females with information about the relative quality of males.

TL;DR: A comparative evolutionary approach to pain perception in fishes toxic leadership and the origins of language behavioural and evolutionary ecology view online (2015/16) integrative and comparative biology advance access.

TL;DR: The mating system of a population of 90 breeding dunnocks included monogamy, polygyny, polyandry and polygynandry; the variable mating system may reflect the different outcomes of this sexual conflict.

TL;DR: Circumstantial and experimental evidence suggests that the benefits of inbreeding avoidance are a sufficient cause for the evolution of sex-biased dispersal in dasyurid marsupial genus Antechinus, and alternative causes are inadequate because of the absence of a class of experienced males that would promote dispersal among subordinates.

TL;DR: The peculiar biology and mating behaviour of ischnurans provides a possible evolutionary context for this mimicry and the polymorphism is probably balanced by a frequency-independent selective disadvantage suffered by the more conspicuous andromorphs, through increased predation.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided to support the view that variance in male reproductive success is neither evidence for sexual selection, nor a measure of its intensity, and is shown to have a major effect on mating success.

TL;DR: The results of staged agonistic encounters between males indicate that body size is an important determinant of dominance in male brown anoles (Anolis sagrei).

TL;DR: A general method of matrix comparison, called the Mantel test, is described which accounts for interdependencies in association values derived for all pairs of individuals and has wide applicability in studies of animal behaviour.

TL;DR: In this paper, the results of an experimental study of territoriality among monogamous lar gibbons (Hylobates lar ), scoring vocal and movement responses to field playback of their loud calls.

TL;DR: Playbacks of non-resident sounds from a given fish's territory elicited a greater response from its nearest neighbour than playbacks of the resident's sound—in accordance with the predictions of the ‘dear-enemy’ effect.

TL;DR: It is shown that male Drosophila melanogaster were more variable in their mating success than were females and this additional variability is usually attributed to intra-male competition and female choice but it can result from random mating.

TL;DR: Although learning can influence all levels of organization of the motor patterns of song in swamp and song sparrows, its contribution to the achievement of normal song behaviour appears to be most crucial at the level of the fine structure of the notes and syllables from which the songs are constructed.

TL;DR: Wild brown hares (Lepus europaeus), though normally comparatively solitary, have the capacity to adjust their behaviour such that they can benefit when foraging in groups, but these benefits are conditional upon the food distribution.

TL;DR: Individual male reproductive success could not be determined in this and other studies, and therefore remains a critical area for future research.

TL;DR: The results indicate that knowing the other resident males might be the most important determinant of take-over success in multi-male groups of long-tailed macaques.

TL;DR: These preferences suggest that coho salmon recognize their siblings by matching the phenotype of their tank-mates with unfamiliar conspecifics, and that chemical cues are sufficient for recognition.

TL;DR: In the absence of any parent-offspring conflict, the total parental investment per offspring should be less when two parents collaborate in caring for the offspring than when only one parent invests as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Experimentally-naive pigeons (Columba livia) were exposed to varying amounts of socially transmitted information needed for solving a food-finding problem as mentioned in this paper, and observer pigeons that saw a trained bird (model) piercing the paper covering a food box and eating were able to solve the problem faster and more efficiently than pigeons who only saw the model eating but not piercing.

TL;DR: The findings were consistent with the male-spacing hypothesis but did not support the mate-attraction hypothesis, and the results of playbacks reveal that sexually active females do not move toward long calls, and therefore do not indicate that long calls function in attracting mates.

TL;DR: The two synthetic compounds are synergistic in the context of castrate urine, producing an olfactory message that behaviourally and physiologically mimics the activity of the normal biological signal.

TL;DR: Individual variations in male size and rate of weight loss were positively correlated with measures of sexual behaviour and grey seal males did not form a linear dominance hierarchy, nor were they of equal status, but large males lost few encounters.

TL;DR: Ecological conditions in the common murre probably favour prolonged sperm storage, which in turn provides opportunities for sperm competition and favours both effective mate guarding and extra-pair copulations.

TL;DR: After a model sparrowhawk was flown over captive flocks of blue tits at a feeder, there was a significant negative correlation between sequence of return to the feeder and status within a linear dominance hierarchy, and birds increased the proportion of their time budgets devoted to scanning for predators.

TL;DR: Experimental reduction of the density of damselfish on a small patch reef resulted in feeding rates by solitary surgeonfish equal to those of participants in large groups, demonstrating that the positive association between foraging group size and participant bite rates on defended algal mats is due to the presence of thedamselfish.