Showing papers in "Animal Feed Science and Technology in 2008"

TL;DR: Researchers must measure the astringency and chemical characteristics of CT (and other secondary metabolites), to better understand the impact of tanniniferous feeds on nutritive value and provide opportunities for optimising and mitigating the CT in contrasting ruminant production systems.

TL;DR: Results from in vitro batch culture studies provide evidence that EO and their components have the potential to improve N and/or energy utilization in ruminants and identification of EO that favorably alter fermentation without resulting in broad overall inhibition of rumen fermentation, continues to be a major challenge for researchers.

TL;DR: The objectives of this paper are to review the most important findings on effects of ADYs in the rumen, to describe identified modes of action, and to provide thoughts for further strain selection and applications in ruminant nutrition.

TL;DR: This review considers one of the possible alternatives: natural plant products including essential oils, saponins and related compounds, which have the potential to be exploited as rumen manipulating agents.

TL;DR: The appearance of terpenes in sheep and goat milk is enhanced by grazing on some novel pasture species, such as Galium verum, Cichorium intybus and Chrisantemum coronarium, which modify milk and cheese sensorial profile, compared to grazing on conventional forages.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present recent knowledge on the inclusion of by-products from olive trees and olive oil extraction in the diets offered to goats and sheep, with particular attention to their fatty acid profile.

TL;DR: The re-designing and updating of the CNCPS improved its ability to formulate and evaluate a feeding program for a herd of dairy cattle with greater accuracy and efficiency.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review provides an overview of variables to be considered in the utilization of fungal plant-depolymerizing enzymes produced by solid-state fermentation from agricultural production residues in Brazil.

TL;DR: A mechanistic model was developed which represents each of these aspects of volatile fatty acid formation, absorption and intra-epithelial metabolism of VFA under various experimental conditions and appears helpful to distinguish elements that require specific consideration when evaluating rates of net portal appearance of V FA.

TL;DR: The objective of the InraPorc® project is to integrate the current state of knowledge in a nutritional model for growing pigs and sows, and make it available as a decision support tool to end-users.

TL;DR: Autoclave procedures for amylase-treated neutral (aNDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) analysis in concentrate and forage feedstuffs were evaluated as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Forage type (legume versus grass) may have contributed to the effect of K on CH 4 emission, but most of the change appeared attributable to CT, which appeared to directly impact activity of methanogenic bacteria, although alterations of protozoal activity could have been involved.

TL;DR: Results show that EO induces at least three types of dose–response in the rumen ecosystem, and highlight the toxic nature of EO upon rumen microbes, and that there is a narrow dose window for the successful adoption of this technology.

TL;DR: Some candidates, in particular Rheum nobile and Carduus pycnocephalus , consistently decreased methane production without adversely affecting other parameters of the rumen fermentation.

TL;DR: The supplementation of Carduus leaves could be effective for both roughage and concentrate feed animals; whereas, Fenugreek seeds and Sesbania leaves are expected to be more effective for concentrate fed animals.

TL;DR: Results show that this SC strain was effective in alleviating pH depression and lactate concentration after feeding of fistulated cows fed twice daily at close to the metabolizable energy maintenance requirements, irrespective of the level of YC inclusion.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of different types and levels of tannins on rumen in vitro gas production and its kinetics, in vitro true degradability (IVTD) and rumen degradation, and microbial protein synthesis by incubating alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hay in buffered rumen fluid.

TL;DR: It is suggested that purified lignin may exert health benefits in monogastric animals and could potentially be considered as a natural feed additive and more research is required before establishing conclusive benefits of purified lIGNin on animal performance and health.

TL;DR: Chickens fed the basal diet showed lower muscle selenium content of chickens between trials 1 and 2 and Glutathione peroxidase activities in broiler chickens plasma and liver of all seenium treatment groups were significantly different.

TL;DR: Despite the lack of direct evidence, some plant secondary metabolites, present in herbs of botanically diverse forages, are suggested to be potential modifiers of rumen biohydrogenation based on their effects on rumen methanogenesis.

TL;DR: It is inferred that there is an effect of unsaturated C18-fatty acids in suppressing methanogenesis, probably mediated by direct action against the rumen microbes involved in methane formation.

TL;DR: Woody species are indispensable sources of animal feed in southern Europe, particularly in areas with dry to semi-dry Mediterranean climates, and are nutritionally superior to most spontaneous species and methods of strategically integrating them into Mediterranean production systems are discussed.

TL;DR: The objective of this project was to integrate the current state of knowledge in a nutritional model for growing pigs and for sows and make it available as a software tool to end-users, mainly nutritionists involved in the pig industry and students in animal nutrition.

TL;DR: A series of in vitro experiments were completed to evaluate the potential of enzyme extracts, obtained from the white-rot fungi Trametes versicolor (TV1, TV2), Bjerkandera adusta (BA) and Fomes fomentarius (FF), to increase degradation of cell wall components of wheat straw as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Effects of essential oil compounds (EOC) on feed intake, ruminal fermentation, growth performance, and carcass characteristics were determined using 60 lambs fed either a barley- or corn grain-based diet without supplementation (control) or supplemented with 0.2 g/kg (DM basis) of carvacrol or cinnamaldehyde (CIN).

TL;DR: The present results showed that feeding whole grains to broilers led mainly to modifications in the upper part of the digestive tract (gizzard, pancreas) and had little influence on the small and large intestine.

TL;DR: Investigation of the effects of the ethanol extracts of propolis and vitamin C on body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and carcass characteristics of broilers exposed to heat stress found BW of the control group (41th day) decreased significantly compared to the positive control and supplement groups.

TL;DR: In this article, different plants, herbs and spices (158 samples) were tested in a screening trial to assess their potential to modify ruminal fermentation in vitro, in particular their effectiveness for decreasing methane production.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of different condensed tannin (CT) sources on methane (CH 4 ) emission were evaluated on 24 yearling Boer x Spanish wethers.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of phlorotannins from the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum on ruminal fermentation of mixed forage or barley grain was investigated.