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Showing papers in "Annals of Tourism Research in 1999"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A major finding was that a destination image is formed by both stimulus factors and tourists' characteristics, which provides important implications for strategic image management and can aid in designing and implementing marketing programs for creating and enhancing tourism destination images.

2,817 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Ning Wang1
TL;DR: In this paper, a conceptual clarification of the meanings of authenticity in tourist experiences is presented, and three approaches are discussed, objectivism, constructivism, and postmodernism, and the limits of object-related authenticity are also exposed.

2,417 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss stakeholder theory and its application as a normative planning model, and introduce the relationship/transaction strategy continuum as a tool for applying this theory in development.

686 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an analytical framework is presented to assess whether local collaborative arrangements are inclusionary and involve collective learning and consensus-building, and the concept of partial consensus is developed.

632 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper investigated community perceptions of the sociocultural impacts of tourism and examined the extent to which they coincide with their classifications made by academic writers, and found that perceived impacts reported by informants coincided with the majority of those identified in the literature.

613 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article identified how British tourists affirmed authenticity through visiting socio-industrial cultural heritage attractions Survey findings of 1,200 interviews with domestic tourists visiting three major British period theme parks highlighted the diversity of perceived authenticity gained by them and showed the importance of experiential and emotive processes in their interaction with attraction settings.

473 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a normative model of participatory planning principles is presented to investigate what is actually being done in tourism planning in one developing destination, and examines the local constraints upon many of the participatory principles recommended by researchers.

457 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the ad hoc development of ecotourism at Ostional, Costa Rica, and the potential benefits for the local community in the absence of government planning or intervention.

293 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the historical evolution of Waterloo as a tourism mega-attraction and explore the development of Waterloo through a sight sacralization model, which locates battlefield visits as a form of thanatourism, and proposes that an attractions appeal is achieved through progressive stages of marking which comes to invest it with a quasi-religious mystique, sacralisation, as a goal of pilgrimage for tourists.

268 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper attempts to sharpen the conceptualization of the core elements of destination regions by building upon existing models and concepts and provides for a common platform from which investigations can proceed into the normative and functional aspects of spatial destination design.

257 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that some recent strands of development theory hold particular promise in this field and illustrate their use by examining tourism in Mexico over the past 30 years, and suggest that a statist approach, augmented by considerations of the structure of the international tourism industry, help explain both growth and distributional effects.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper found evidence that ethnic tourists may balance a desire for contact with such hosts against a concern over feeling uncomfortable when making choices of theirethnic tourism products, and four distinct groups of visitors were identified based on their levels of interest in various aspects or features of ethnic tourism experiences.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the general literature on tourism and crime and the recent history of violent and property crime in several Caribbean destinations is presented, highlighting the failure of most previous research to discriminate crimes against tourists vs. residents.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The bulk of recent tourism-environment and sustainable tourism development literature can suggest the application of strong sustainability criteria as discussed by the authors, which is shown to be problematic since even such developmental practices may generate various classes of spillover effects that can frustrate genuine attainment of strong sustainable in tourism concentration, dispersal, or small-scale operation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There exists a linear relationship between the overall quality measure and the partial judgments of each domain/dimension, which allows deciphering the relevance of different domains of tourism activity and quality dimensions within the process of making quality judgments.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a continuum is proposed upon which various types of planning advice may be placed, represented by Tourism First (in which developing the industry is the focus of planning) and Development First (where planning is framed by national development needs).

Journal ArticleDOI
David Weaver1
TL;DR: In this article, an examination of ecotourism patterns within Costa Rica and Kenya reveals differential magnitudes across an array of relevant criteria, including specialized accommodations, visits by specialist tourists, direct social and economic impact, activity space, or government investment.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors examines the ways in which travel writing manages the distinction between traveler and tourist, by writing out the tourist via the universal categories of space and time, writers can appeal to the anti-tourist who resides in every tourist.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore current trends in indigenous tourism development in Canada's western Arctic region and examine the tendances actuelles dans le developpement indigene du tourisme dans la region arctique occidentale du Canada.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address the extent to which the opportunity to enter into a sexual relationship with Western female tourists poses a challenge to the vast number of self-employed young men in Indonesian tourism destinations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article examined labor mobility into tourism employment during economic transition and found that workers came from an unusually wide range of industries, which supports the idea of upheaval in the labor market and evidence for the "refuge" role of tourism was found.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the supply-side by focusing on everyday museum operations, including shifts in sources of revenue, new technologies, labor practices and the development of networks, and show that the restructuring of museum operations raises important questions concerning not only the traditional public mandate of museums, but also on its ability to enhance consumption experiences and to contribute to a diversified tourism product.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the contested struggle for meaning and interests of four different parties involved in a Heritage Trail, i.e., the government which constructed the site, the agency trying to attract international tourists to the exotic East and "old China" as part of the Hong Kong image, local organizations bringing domestic tourists to rediscover aspects of their own culture and identity, and the site's owners fighting the government to re-establish the sacred harmony of their landscape.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a focus group discussion, a questionnaire was compiled consisting of a series of four holiday scenarios which varied in the authenticity of the experience of the host country, and participants also completed an adaptation of a tourist motivation scale.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the influence of education, organizational size, and the use of codes of ethics in day-to-day business operation and practice to explain the differences that exist among the participating groups.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Chalip et al. as discussed by the authors studied the identity of women field hockey players and found that sport tourism is a critical area of research in sport psychology, and taxpayer subsidies for major sporting events are needed to support sport tourism.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use choice modeling to identify the tradeoffs residents are willing to make with respect to tourism's impacts, and estimate the changes in economic value associated with such impacts.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the culturally inappropriate tourist behavior of climbing Ulu r u (Ayers Rock) in Central Australia, and applied the Theory of Reasoned Action as a methodological framework to explore visitors' beliefs associated with the target behavior.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a case study of Boracay Island, Philippines suggests that understanding these contextual factors is essential for sustainable tourism development, and that better planning based on a broad systematic assessment should be coupled with improved governance to move from knowledge to implementation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Buddhism provides a powerful force in the lives of large numbers of people in Burma as discussed by the authors and the military junta ruling Burma has recognized and attempted to appropriate Buddhism as a means of legitimating its authority.